THE TRIUMPH AND REPRESENTATIONS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN HISTORY LITERATURE

Today is April 21, 2022

Where we can demonstrate with great certainty one of the best and greatest qualities well developed in which I show with great love all my work as a writer that I have always had as an understanding of my esteemed feelings that roll over a margin of unpublished facts that are based on an atmosphere more focused and studied in depth of a knowledge of great stories that always contributed to my best and biggest top of the mountain where I can always describe all my history that is reflected in the past of my best and biggest intuitions that I always clarified in soul as a very simple and honest gesture of my life and that we can understand all the good fortunes well narrated of a citizen who sees life more abundant that I graduated and clarified several aspects with literature and modern science to see and improve the performance of my duties that I have a job here with a lot of love and work for everyone to see the best of me and I am no longer older in front of my sincerities because I think I have reached the best part of me about a great wisdom well qualified and fearless to the future that awaits us with open doors and that my intention will be to move forward and conquer the world in a more lavish way while they are still trying to project themselves on a vulnerable work that does not show itself to be more committed to the reach of the most applied technology and that I will always triumph over various aspects of life as a great resumption of certain dreams and fantasies that for me are like keys to life over a great fascination to review time and search for different sciences and know all the relativities that make up time and I have always researched life in a more intense way looking for great extraordinary qualities and projects to live and know life much better and with more bases in my writing career forever as a resumption of certain dreams and desires that for me extend over all the formalities of the future and the base is alive er and conquer the world and so we are forever together the best and greatest conquerors of a new era and we will grow with technology and I see a more creative world where I apply all my sciences and my wisdoms about a desire to create great fables for the maturation of life and great history and scale in time and so we will be together for a new rebirth and dawn for a new day and the house of my dreams will always be the house of my intelligence and so I will plant the existing future of all my school creativity and scientific where I can reach heaven and heaven would be my best house of improvement with my soul and so we will be working for the real and fantastic future for the world and that this world will be more enchanted about the best wonders that keep us in definite order with all universal nature and the planet will be preserved further from a discovery about the great benefits of my silence with life in all cities. circumstances of knowledge and I will always use thought the feeling that always gives me minimal awareness of surviving the most real and fantastic world of life and we will always be strong and knowledgeable in all modalities of life and I want to say that I have always triumphed over all risks of resistance and existence because life can be morbid more alive from royalty to the most realistic conformism with my integrity always acting and trying to dodge in the bases of knowledge of every scientific and creative action of my dreams and creations of my soul that rises to the best maneuvers of all existences and the factor has always resurrected me over all the relativities that make up life and we have always enhanced education with our fertility for a great reunion with the science of life and the search for the future and we will always be triumphs forever as always we will triumph eternally and the logic would be all platforms of high esteem in devotion and creation of high knowledge ment for life and good integrity with certain dreams and reasons to live because we will always seek peace and control over all the circumferences of life and in this way we will show the best work and we will always be winners of a great time and that all reasons are causes of profits over great works of a general and realistic recognition of all things in life involving the present, past and future and so we will be triumphs eternally.

Representations of science and technology in the literature of history

Summary:

Science does not usually figure prominently in Brazilian cultural manifestations. Even so, it is possible to find references to it in the most popular forms of communication, such as the literature of history. In this article, based on a corpus of 1,000 stories on topics related to science and history, we seek to understand, through a discursive analysis, how the scientific universe is inserted and portrayed in this literary genre. We observed that the stories, as a whole, present an ambivalent image of science, sometimes extolling scientific achievements and their authors, sometimes offering a critical look at technological development. Our study suggests that the convergence of science and the literature of history has the potential to bring scientific culture closer to popular culture, in addition to fostering critical thinking about the relationship between science and society, being, therefore, an interesting tool for the education and popularization of science. science.

the scientific culture

Society's expectations of science vary historically. In the article Variations on “scientific culture” in four Brazilian authors, which is in this issue of HCS-Manguinhos (vol. 22, n. 2 April-June 2015), Marina Assis Fonseca and Bernardo Jefferson de Oliveira, from the Federal University of Viçosa , analyze views expressed by four influential authors in scientific and educational policies at different times: Miguel Ozorio de Almeida, Anísio Teixeira, Maurício Rocha e Silva and Carlos Vogt.

“We seek to counter the tendency to treat scientific culture as a univocal concept, that is, as if it were the same everywhere and at any time. Our objective is to highlight the transformation of views on science and its role in society, showing different perspectives and their contexts, in order to rescue the historical dimension of the process of construction of the role that science plays in our time”, say the authors of the article.

Miguel Ozorio de Almeida

Miguel Ozorio de Almeida (1890-1953) was a physiologist. He was one of the main founders of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, which he presided from 1929 to 1931. He was also president of the Brazilian Academy of Letters and director of the Physiology Laboratory at the Oswaldo Cruz Institute.

For Ozorio de Almeida, the delay in scientific culture was linked to the model of knowledge that national intelligences had pursued – and not, as some of his contemporaries suggested, to the lack of “race capacity”. The problem would lie in the emphasis on utilitarian knowledge, to the detriment of investment in pure science, on which it depended. Furthermore, in the rare existing pure science, the model was that of natural history, not physics, mathematics, or the experimental sciences.

Anísio Teixeira

Anísio Spínola Teixeira (1900-1971), born in Catité , Bahia, became Secretary of Education in Rio de Janeiro in 1931 and carried out extensive reforms in the education system, from primary to higher education. He was the founder and dean of the Universidade do Distrito Federal in the early 1930s. In the 1950s, he headed the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Capes) and, in the early 1960s, the creation of the University of Brasília ( UnB), of which he was rector in 1963 and 1964. His conception of scientific culture was present in the discussions and in the design of most of these initiatives.

His writings mainly deal with education systems, public education, democratization, research in education, higher education and teacher training. He sought to clearly substantiate a series of proposals for the transformation of the Brazilian educational reality.

Mauricio Rocha e Silva

Maurício Rocha e Silva (1910-1983) was born in Rio de Janeiro, where he graduated in Medicine, but made his career in São Paulo. Between 1937 and 1957, he was a researcher at the Biological Institute of São Paulo, where he discovered a new active principle, called bradykinin ( brady = slow and kinesia = movement), which served as the basis for the development of antihypertensive drugs. The communication of the discovery of bradykinin was published in 1949 in the inaugural issue of the journal Ciência e Cultura, of the recently founded Brazilian Society for the Progress of Science (SBPC). It was also published in the American Journal of Physiology , which earned him international notoriety due to his work's impact on physiology. At the University of São Paulo's Ribeirão Preto campus, where he was a professor from 1957 to 1981, he developed a pharmacology and biochemistry research center.

One of the founders of the SBPC defended the banner of pure science (understood as experimental science) and the research-teaching alignment in universities. He believed in scientific culture as a means of development and progress and campaigned for more resources and recognition for scientific activity in Brazil.

Carlos Vogt

Carlos Alberto Vogt, born in 1943, linguist and doctor of science from the State University of Campinas, was rector of that university between 1990 and 1994, president of the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo from 2002 to 2007 and secretary of Higher Education at the State of São Paulo between 2007 and 2010. Full professor in the area of argumentative semantics, coordinator of the Laboratory for Advanced Studies in Journalism and editor-in-chief of the scientific dissemination journal Consciência, Vogt's emphasis is on communication and the dissemination of knowledge.

Vogt incorporates the sociological and anthropological dimension in the study of scientific culture and shows how limited and problematic the usual notions of “scientific literacy”, “popularization/vulgarization of science” and “public perception/understanding of science” are.

History of Literature

"The history of literature studies the literary movements, artists and works of a given time with general characteristics of style and common themes, and their succession over time.

The histories of literature are divided into great movements called eras, which are divided into movements called epochal styles or literary schools.

Each literary school represents the aesthetic-thematic trends of literary works produced at a given time.

Literary Genres in Antiquity

In Classical Greece, literary texts were divided into three genres, which represented the literary manifestations of the time:

The epic genre: narrations of grandiose facts, centered on the figure of a hero. According to Aristotle, the narrated word.

The dramatic genre: texts intended for scenic representation, in the form of tragedy or in the form of comedy. According to Aristotle, the word represented.

The lyrical genre: texts of an emotional nature, centered on the subjectivity of the feelings of the soul. According to Aristotle, the sung word.

By Marina Cabral

Specialist in Portuguese Language and Literature

I want to make it very clear that we can really find in literature both a popular and historical aspect of always transcribing beautiful stories where history can inform us with enough knowledge a logic that we are well portrayed under a great literary elaboration where we can improve ourselves of certain knowledge and keep us the dynamics and I want to talk about my works that I have always shown with a true ideological aspect of perfecting myself in the science of writing about a great construction of certain ideas and stories told and narrated to the letter and here we can see deeply a construction between the historian and the triumph that arises over a great relationship with all history in which I show all my point of view and introit.

By: Roberto Barros