A RENAISSANCE ON BIOLOGY THAT DEFINES ITSELF IN A CHEMICAL RELATIONSHIP ON ALL REACTIONS OF LIFE THAT IS CALLED FUNCTIONS AND RELATIVITIES

I want here with a lot of love and work to show a valuable research which I've done as evidence of many studies I've shown here a well-defined relationship about a great role of man in biology that transcends the world of physical phenomena about the great relativity of alchemy called nuclear chemistry over every form of life, resistance and existence of the human being and natural life that we call the biological study of cells over organisms both in human beings and in natural life in which we can study cells by the cosmos both spatially and mentally in their variable conditions, existences, transformations and life that we can discover in their chemical functions and I want to talk about chemistry and of a great, first scientist named Antoine Lavoisier who was considered the father of chemistry. Antoine Lavoisier was the first to observe that oxygen, in contact with a flammable substance, produces combustion. He also deduced, based on chemical reactions, the famous law of the conservation of matter: "In nature nothing is created, nothing is lost, everything is transformed".

I want to show here an infinity that we build with much perfection and work on the best future and that science has revealed to us many discoveries about an unforgettable and realistic world of thinking, creating and doing. Thank you!

Who were the scientists responsible for the discovery of the chemical elements?

Oxygen

1,771

Joseph Priestley

Chlorine

1,774

Karl Wilhelm Scheele

Manganese

1780?

Hjelm

Molybdenum

1,778

Karl Wilhelm Scheele

Tellurium

1,782

Mueller von Reichenstein

Which were the most important scientists at the beginning of modern chemistry?

This section brings the life and discoveries of the leading scientists who contributed to chemistry, such as Dmitri Mendeleev, Lavoisier, Avogadro, Bohr and Marie Curie.

I show here effectively that chemistry has had a great development up to the present day in which we can understand about all the logics of the maturing of the human being that between such events and such factors science has given great evidence of great works and disciplines in the life of the human being that deeply lacks a system and source of life that we can understand today that biology teaches us about the study of life with

a purpose of transforming a foundation and nuclei of studies for the maturation and life of the human being. Biology is the science that studies life and living organisms, their structure, growth, functioning, reproduction, origin, evolution, distribution, as well as their relationship with the environment and each other; bioscience, biological sciences [It comprises several other specialized sciences, such as ecology, biochemistry, genetics, zoology and botany.].

I just want to talk about one beginning that we certainly can here right now be aware of the existence of the universe and its atomic elements, which was when life gave rise to the formation of the world by creating the Earth by simply an explosion that we certainly call a chemical fraction we call the Big Bang, which was when the universe found itself densely hot and combined several fundamental chemical particles that shocked and exploded to form from the particles in the primordial atom and it all had to be created from very small fundamental particles, smaller than anything we know. How these particles were generated is still an unanswered question. Quark, gluon, electron, and photon are among the first fundamental particles formed at the Big Bang. Lemaître used to say that the whole universe was a single atom called the "primordial atom", he stated that that atom fragmented into an extraordinary quantity of pieces and each one fragmented into smaller pieces in succession until it reached the current atoms.

I want to put firmly and say that everything is combined in a smaller fraction of the time that we designate ourselves as atoms and that we are by existences, transformations and pieces of the universe that in metaphysics everything is dedignified as a chemical reaction that in everything and for everything an atomic nucleus called earth was established, like living beings

that the matter was formed. Matter is all that has mass and volume.

É composed of molecules and atoms united and ordered in different ways, which guarantees different specific properties. There are also general properties, which are those that apply to all kinds of matter. Matter and energy are complementary concepts.

I want here to designate an extraordinary role in which we can understand from the beginning that life can be an essential cause for an understanding that in everything one defines a form of life over any existence that can be combined there is another as a cell can be studied more scientifically as to the development of the universe that all reactions and relativity of life integrate to a reconstitution and functional development of certain fundamental elements that combine in a smaller fraction of time in which they form into an atom in which we can show here as in biology that the logic of life would be to develop over a relative system of several functions that govern both the physical body of matter and the dense states You know, you're the ones who transform and compose the existence of life, and I just want to talk a little bit about chemical functions and molecular relativity, and thank you!

THE RELATIVITIES OF MOLECULES ON THE FUNCTIONS OF THE BODY

I mean that we live in a body that can be divided from an atom into several relations that we could classify by the study of cells and atoms a wide variety of atomic elements that can be defined into a large property of certain functions that are related to the great organic development by the cells that constitute the human organism between its most functional relations of the spirit as the nuclear chemistry that goes on to exert a great behavior between the functions of the organism that exerts great charges of protons and electrons that vivifies each atom in a smaller fraction of an element that assumed once and indivisible moment and short space between in a great combination as the space that transforms and destroys itself giving out life as centrifuge and electron outputs in a variety and combination between cells and molecules that show themselves as a chemical electricity that passes from spirit to matter giving chemical processes and vitalizing the organism in a rectilinear movement for all organs and organic system that we can study these theoretical functions as a physics of thinking and building as an apparatus electronic that in its functions we could observe in each material element of a computer a great relationship with the motherboard containing the central processing unit as the HD that is the data storage device as the processor that is the integrated circuit capable of processing the functioning of data as the memory that is where the operating systems that look like the organism are stored and we can classify a great virtue among the human body that conserves over various processes over various chemical functions that are transformed into an atomic body called atom in which we must preserve the most finishable nature of cells and I want them to study well the molecules that particularly have beautiful constructions on the atoms in which we must study deeply their development and cells in the functioning an organism that, with beautiful studies and thoughts, we can create an ion cell as a pump in which energy emanates from outside the organism, which we can generalize more opposing forces over such functions and chemical pulsations from the spirit to the matter and so on

we can better predict the diseases on each atom of protons and neutrons in which we can develop bioenergy electric organic function and want everyone to research the biochemical reactions of relativity and organic functions and thank you very much and take a study of the relativity of alchemy and hugs!

THE RELATIVITIES OF INVISIBLE ALCHEMY

Ladies and gentlemen, I come here with an introduction to tell you about my imaginations that I explain to you as a study of an alchemy that I have studied and dream that may be more generalized to infinity itself or homogenized to the universe that I tell you that there is scientific magic as well as magic is done in a sense of reaching the eternity that we never imagined by existing and being on the invisible of things that can become visible on an extensive desire to subsist behind life becoming more apparent all the transformations in which God may have passed and transformed the very origin of life and when we speak of transmutation into relativity it would be general because we would be entering into an alchemical process of a variety more indivisible as perhaps a step about god who is omnipotent and has no beginning or end almost as the universe that is infinite about omnipresent things as man can understand every detail narrated in this story that things are born from the invisible to the naked eye when there is a general understanding about the relativity of life in which life and death are distinguished over a relativity in which man can create and give life over certain subjects by staying as a study for the future of mankind on the scientific criteria that are peacefully based on the laws of god as a study of the divine omnipotence about the relativities of alchemy or the alchemy of relativity we can cherish as a and cherish as a dream and fabula air to

existence of life on death and death on life by being more living on all human relations of man on earth.

I want to talk a little bit about the atomists of ancient Greece who classified matter as the elements of nature that like: fire, water, earth and air that mixed in different proportions would result in different physical-chemical properties like Aristotle's theory that shows this composition between the human body that we call matter and that we could transmute certain substances from the invisible that had gone through an alchemic process to become matter that we call a natural plane in which we could transmutate from the spiritual side to the material state.

The atomists in ancient Greece

The atomists, headed by Democritus and his teacher Leucippus, thought that matter was made up of tiny and invisible particles, the atoms (A-tomo), "Without division". They thought that if we split up and divided again, the process would ever stop.

For Democritus, the great variety of materials in nature came from the movements of the different kinds of atoms that, when they collided, formed larger sets generating different bodies with their own characteristics. Some of Democritus' ideas about atoms:

Water: formed by slightly spherical atoms (water flows easily).

Earth: formed by cubic atoms (the earth is stable and solid)

Air: formed by whirling moving atoms (the air is

wind).

Fire: formed by pointed atoms (fire hurts).

Soul: formed by the smoothest, most delicate and most active atoms that exist.

Respiration: it used to be considered the exchange of atoms, in which new atoms replace used atoms.

Democritus' foundations for atoms were taking shape over time. Epicurus (341 BC - approximately 270 BC) complemented his ideas by suggesting that there would be a limit to the size of atoms, thus justifying the reason for being invisible.

But, even so, the theory most defended was that of Aristotle who believed that matter would be constituted by elements of nature such as fire, water, earth and air that mixed in different proportions would result in different physical-chemical properties.

In my conception that this on the criteria of life in which biology classifies itself into five kingdoms or more because it is nature a set of lives in which we can classify all kingdoms here to have a logic and a transformation of life into death and death into life that in everything and everything in invisible alchemy we can show as the essence of life the mineral, vegetable, animal and soul kingdom that we can transcribe the fifth essence of life into an invisible world of transformation and transmutation in which the relativity of alchemy begins by the kingdoms in which we can transmutate and make living the raw as dense as they are given by the soul that are invisible and pass through the realm of the soul as the quita essence turning in

fifth pleasure in which we materialize as an atom in the smallest fraction of a substantial element of life in which we can make an invisible alchemy that has gone through a process of transformation between the body, spirit and soul to create a substance, both natural image mentalized by mental consciousness to the subconscious state of the human mind that had transformed to the natural state of matter being both liquid and solid that we can classify some existence transformed into life by the invisible alchemy in which we call the fifth essence.

Living world: presentation of the kingdoms

The modern system of classification, which distributes living beings into five great kingdoms — Monera, Protista, Fungi, Metaphyta and Metazoa

—, was conceived by R. H. Whittaker, in 1969. Thus, the known species of living beings are distributed in specific kingdoms according to certain classification criteria.

The basic criteria for classification

For the classification of living beings in the five great kingdoms, the following criteria were used:

type of cellular organization — defines whether living beings are prokaryotes or eukaryotes, that is, whether they are devoid of or possess a nuclear membrane, nucleolus and membrane-white organelles in their cells;

number of cells — consider whether living beings are single-celled or multicellular;

type of nutrition — indicates whether organisms are autotrophs or heterotrophs; this criterion also considers how organisms

heterotrophs obtain their food: either by absorption or by ingestion of available organic material.

The Five Great Kingdoms

According to the establishment of the mentioned classification criteria, the vi-vo world was divided into the following kingdoms:

Kingdom Monera — Covers all single-cell and prokaryotic organisms, represented by bacteria and cyanobacteria or cyanophiceas, also known as blue algae.

Protista Kingdom - Includes unicellular organisms and eukaryotes, such as proto-zoa and certain algae.

Fungi Kingdom - Comprises all fungi, which can be single- or multicellular and are eukaryotic organisms and heterotrophs by absorption.

Reino Plantae or Metaphyta — Includes multicellular organisms, eukaryotes and autotrophs. In this kingdom, also known as the kingdom of plants, they include pluricellular algae, bryophytes (mosses and liverworts), pterydophytes (such as ferns and avencas), gin-nosperms (such as pine trees and redwoods) and angiosperms (ipés, lemons, beans, grass, etc).

Reino Animalia or Metazoa — Includes multicellular organisms, eukaryotes and heterotrophs by ingestion. This kingdom covers all animals, from the poriferans to the mammals.

Here I leave a great explanation about the beautiful images that take place from a stream of our minds in which well we create by a circumstance of our subconscious and we can by the alchemy of

creation transmuting to give life as the fifth pleasure that we call the fifth essence of life that we will know about this with atomic study of the atom over life in which we classify as relativity of life over a great and alchemical transformation among the natural elements that have become liquid and solid substances about life in a well-focused study of alchemy and chemistry in which we construct life.

I want to enter into a more qualified state in which life is formed by an atom in which its particles make up life and all the natural elements that take place between the atomic forces of the universe in which we can simplify the search for existence and life simply by using every atom of protein, of vitamin in transmutation the most variable liquid and solid atomic constructions in livelihood of life in which we will now show about the superlative atom to all creations:

ATOM

The word atom was proposed by the Greek atomist Democritus in 400 BC to define the smallest constituent particle of matter. However, it is known today that atoms are divisible, but the word continues to be used to designate an organized, very small structure that makes up all kinds of materials.

The classical atomic model is made up of the sum of the ideas of scientists

Rutherford, Bohr and Chadwick, ideas that we will study in our next class. It consists of a small, heavy central nucleus containing two elementary particles called protons and

neutrons, and a peripheral portion called the electrosphere, where electrons make small-mass fundamental particles that orbit around the nucleus. Look at the picture below.

Through the figure it can be noted that the radius of the nucleus is much smaller than the total radius of the atom, in real dimensions the radius of the atom is about 10,000 to 100,000 times larger than the radius of the atomic nucleus.

The fundamental particles of the atom, called protons, electrons and neutrons, are very small, but different in mass. The mass of the proton is very close to the mass of the neutron, with the mass of the electron being approximately 1836 times less than that of the proton.

The protons are endowed with a positive charge, while the electrons have a negative charge,

the neutrons, on the other hand, are devoid of any electrical charge.

The basic physical characteristics of these particles are given below in relative values.

II. Fundamental Concepts.

Atom: extremely small and organized structure that makes up all kinds of materials

Atomic number: is represented by the symbol Z and determines the total number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Remember that the atom is an electrically driven system

Neutral, so the number of protons and electrons are identical for a given atom.

Z = number of protons

Atomic mass number: as we already know, the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus. Thus, the atomic mass number (A) is given by the sum of the number of protons and neutrons of the aforementioned atom, as the formula :

A = p + n or A = Z + n

Chemical element: corresponds to a set of atoms with the same number of protons (atomic number). In nature we can find atoms with different atomic mass numbers, but with the same number of protons, these atoms are called ISOTOPES and constitute a chemical element.

Example:

1H3

1H2 1H3 These atoms have different mass but belong to the

element hydrogen.

The hydrogen isotopes represented above can be called tritium, deuterium and protium, respectively.

Representing a chemical element:

ZEA or Z

An element that has 17 protons and 18 neutrons is represented as follows:

17E35

Isotopia Isobaria Isotonia

In nature we can find chemical elements or species that have the same number of protons (isotopes), or with the same number of masses (isobars), or with the same number of neutrons (isotones). Note the schematic table:

ELEMENT Z = (n°p+) A (n°P + n°N) N (A - Z)

Isotopia = ¹ ¹

Isobaria ¹ = ¹

Isotony ¹ =

Examples:

58Ce140

59Pr140 isobars

19K39

20Ca40 isotones

8O16

8O17 isotopes

Allotropia

Different simple substances are defined as allotropic varieties that are formed by the same chemical element. Always one of the allotropic varieties is the most stable and abundant in nature. The main examples are:

Diamond, Graphite* and C60(fullerene)

O2* and O3

Pwhite and Pred *

Srombic* and Smonoclinic

* allotropic form more stable. III - Ions.

They are atoms in electrical imbalance, that is, atoms that have gained or lost

electrons.

Examples:

12Mg0 2e- + 12Ca2+ (note that the magnesium atom loses two electrons)

The magnesium atom has 12 protons and 12 electrons.

The magnesium ion has 12 protons and 10 electrons, so its charge is 2+.

7N0 + 3e-7N3- (note that the nitrogen atom receives 3 electrons)

The nitrogen atom has 7 protons and 7 electrons.

The nitrogen ion has 7 protons and 10 electrons, so its charge is 3.

In my philosophy everything that God creates with love is built with a feeling about the living nature of a being that would be more than you can understand it because in it everything is clearer as the sunlight that this

showing us on the clear side of life the beautiful things that we cling to that there is simply not touched by being made of love that is over any emptiness that breaks over the human inability to be happy or love someone in life who is simply not being enlightened before god because they are relapsed of divine nature that cannot resemble the true being that god did and created over all things of paradise that we could not delude him with the negative uncertainties that insolate life before the soft light of god that is over all things deep and at altitudes that we may someday understand his space and time over our realities that are not so extensive when there is no light our stimuli that are on any elevated feelings the life we might not have understood their love and existence in our lives because in everything god did, created the paradise of the bankrupt and embarrassed who perverted from evil on the truth that can not be silent, invisible on all that god created on the land of the obstinate and uncertain men of controversial compassions about an unfaithful desire that perhaps a child would bring would humanitarian-mind this love by being more alive on the electricity that consoles us thoughts and makes us believe that the world is perfect and that we can still be happy and that perhaps we will remain intact constructively on the pretexts of god who made us enlightened by the joy of the teaching love that loves us and makes us love what is good to see and feel pleasure because life would simply be a sounding box in which your rhythm can melody us about all the positive forms and forces of life that have never bent over the shadows that breaks behind the light of day trying to forget the fear of darkness that plagues the innocent who will still know the world as it is beautiful and perfect because god has made you about all the aspects that have not been destroyed and that will be fine

the truth of the loves that were not absorbed by god or that any anonymity that could have been prescribed by god's word as they say that angels are more cautious of staying alive and innate by the transformation of god's existence upon mortals who are consumed by madness, farce, emotional illusion that anger the minds of men who have not yet understood to simplify their love for life as loving god about all things that are inevitable and together we can always unite because it was god who made you and the stars of heaven as perhaps a wrath that someday we could thank you and ask you to be faithful to him as a straight arrow without deviation that cannot be of our undisputable nature to the world that can become an illusion to the weakest without love that perhaps can feel that they were made of the flower of paradise that unforgettable mind we will always find what we seek because we simply learn to love and hate to consolidate ourselves on all aspects of being happy for many years that will be the pulsating and creating life of certain artifices that someday we will understand their pleasures and everything that god created because we are children of god and we experience the light of life in our eyes and counsels that show us how beautiful we are and become strengthened in our memory that we witness our love for life as we pacify in the material planes the seeds that we simply keep in the soul our thoughts that are completed about the forms and achievements that we have achieved in life as a state of time in thanksgiving that we have learned to value the life that plagues us with the foolishness of youth and see that everything that god created would be perfect because we are god's likeness and in my philosophy i simply mean that if it was god who made us we are inborn or homogeneous that by the anonymity of hidden affections we could complete ourselves about his love that made us because we would not be alive from

to be happy about some inferior indifference of his nature that remains for how long without unfavorable expression to the one affection that made us greater about all that we are likeness of love that perhaps we can not say from the inside out in a few more that it is simplified in the divine theory that everything that god created was with love and we learn with life less or more with his artifacts to value what god did because we would not be so small and great in the hand of god that completed us about his image and love that can never be small about all the hidden affections that unravel the pure realistic compassion of living, loving and being happy because in a few years or maybe millennia of the bottom of our souls that one day we'll find hell-free in paradise.

THE ALCHEMY OF THE RELATIVITY OF LIFE

The origin of alchemy is lost in time, being older than the history of humanity. Its true beginning is unknown and shrouded in obscurity and mystery. Thus, its emergence is confused with the origin and evolution of man on Earth. The origin of alchemy is quite uncertain, as there are alchemical accounts in various ancient civilizations, such as the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, Arabs, Persians, Mesopotamians, Hindus, Chinese and Japanese. However, it is generally considered to have begun around the 3rd century BC in Alexandria. And classified mind today is to come as a vehicle about various things of life in which we can develop various related purposes as an extensive light on various developments of human capacity on earth as a creative flow to every possibility of life and existence on a great and infinite trajectory of pulsation on life as things can identify themselves about love and hatred in which everything is alchemy as alchemy to various things in

that we absorb between both things a combined and pacified relationship with human nature and the whole existence of life in which we can transmute various things and transform into something alive or imaginary on a point of restoration between the spirit as nuclear chemistry and the matter as atomic nuclei that we see in everything and by everything transcribe and perfect ourselves on a great and extraordinary alchemy relatively imposed on life being used as creative functions on any existence for material man who see life more prone to death as to the space man who see life stencil on all nature in which we can classify ourselves superlatively on the natural elements as substances of creation being used in each atom matter of the fifth essence staying above all in the third plane in which we can see how life began taking into account its relativity as that of the primordial atom as a result of the relations and existences of god and the devil about the creation perhaps of heaven and hell getting on good and evil as was transformed and created the law of all existence of life and its unwary command was generated the great transformation of life in which drastically concentrated small fractions of atoms in which they combined over a great existence on a great explosion that formed from the seminal particles on certain atomic and chemical elements about a relationship between radioactivity, electricity and the magnetism that when alising they formed from particles in atoms life being each element of nature created and contained over four existence in which nature classified itself and is classified as water, air, earth and fire in which we can say that life was created and planets as the earth that was formed among the four elements that entered into alchemical transformations that we can also classify ourselves among

they by a body called atomic nucleus that naturally underwent a transformation of atomic and nuclear development that we have life on earth almost as the fifth pleasure getting the atom, protons and neutrons combined and formed in an atomic nucleus that are we who also have water, air, fire and earth as related elements and as generators of our life existence being created on earth as oxygen, blood, body, combustion and we are human beings that we can classify ourselves on also as earthly or space beings in which we take as matter spirit and soul of the things we inhabit and that we can transmutate between a cycle both of earth and the universe being established on a relativity of universal nature an alchemy if we homogenize on a deeper relativity in which we can transform from the dense into the subtle and the subtle into the dense we mean from chin and yang that's from heaven and earth i mean from the bottom up and the top down getting matter as a spiritual being the nucleus transmutable by the energy of the spirit that is the nuclear chemistry that settles on the sidereal planes of the universe when man can perhaps understand its transformation and combination that atoms go into transformation and subtle combinations going from the dense that is matter as atomic nucleus to the spirit that is nuclear chemistry and the soul to subtle electricity that combined over the same relationship and subtle of the universe getting the most static matter on an alchemy more related to the seventh sense being on the fifth essence of life in what we call the relativity of life where are formalized and formed all the atomic elements of life forming a living being and statically developed on the planes of universal nature.

When we speak of transmutation in relativity it would be general because we would be entering into an alchemical process of a more indivisible variety as perhaps a step about god who is omnipotent and has no beginning or end almost as the universe which is infinite about omnipresent things as man can understand every detail narrated in this story that things are born from the invisible to the naked eye when there is a general understanding about the relativity of life in which life and death are distinguished over a relativity in which man can create and give life over certain matters becoming a study for the future of humanity about the scientific criteria which are peacefully based on the laws of god as a study of omnipotency the relativity of alchemy or the alchemy of relativity as a dream and fabula that we can value the existence of life over death and death over life by being more alive over all human relations of man on earth.

CELLS

Cells are the structural and functional units that make up all living beings. The only living things that don't have cells are viruses.

All cells have plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material.

Cells are the structural and functional units of living beings. All living beings are cells, except viruses, which are organisms to cells. Some organisms are formed by a single cell (single-celled beings), others, in turn, are formed by several cells (multicellular beings).

Cells perform different functions and have some basic parts: plasma membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material, which may or may not be bounded by a nuclear envelope. Cells can be classified into two major groups: prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Humans have eukaryotic cells.

Read more: Meiosis and mitosis - two cell reproduction processes

Summary about cells

A cell is the structural and functional unit of living things.

Viruses are acellular organisms.

There are different types of cells, which perform various functions.

All cells have plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material.

Prokaryotic cells have no nuclei, while eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus.

Eukaryotic cells can be divided into plant and animal cells.

Plant cells have cell walls, central vacuoles and plasts, structures absent in animal cells.

What are cells?

Cells are the structural and functional units of living beings. They are called structural units because they form the bodies of living beings. Imagine, for example, a big wall. This wall is made up of small structures, the bricks. Each brick would be a cell, which, united

to the others, it helps to form a pluricellular organism (living being formed by more than one cell).

Also, in single-celled organisms, the cell represents the whole organism. Besides being structural, they are functional units of living beings, and they are so called, since they are living units, capable of producing energy and reproducing themselves, for example.

The term cell was coined in 1665 by Robert Hooke. Cell comes from Latin, cellula, meaning "little cell". Hooke proposed this term, as he observed a cut of cork under a microscope and verified only dead cells. For this reason, he verified only the presence of the cellular wall of these structures and, therefore, found such a structure similar to a cell.

Where do we find the cells?

All living beings are made up of cells, with the exception of viruses. They are found to form the body of organisms. Some living beings, such as bacteria and protozoa, have a body made up of only a single cell. Other organisms, however, are multicellular and are formed by several cells. In some multicellular organisms, cells are grouped into tissues, which constitute organs, which are grouped into systems.

What are the functions of the cells?

There are different cell types, and each has a different function.

There are different cell types, each adapted to a particular function. As mentioned, in some organisms, such as

protozoa and bacteria, cells represent the whole living being, since these beings are single-celled. In this case, they perform all the functions responsible for their survival.

In multicellular organisms, in turn, there are specialized cells that play different roles. Leukocytes, for example, are cells found in our body that act by protecting the organism against agents that cause diseases. Neurons are cells that act to ensure the spread of the nerve impulse. The red cells, in turn, guarantee the transport of oxygen by the organism.

Read more: Stem cells - are able to transform into any cell and a hope for medicine

Basic parts of a cell

Cells are small structures, but quite complex. In general, we can say that all cells have three basic components: the plasma membrane, the cytoplasm and the genetic material.

Plasma membrane: is a structure formed by a bilayer of lipid molecules with several proteins inserted. It surrounds the whole cell, separating and protecting all its components from the external environment. The membrane has the capacity to select what enters and leaves the cell. Because of this function, we say that it presents selective permeability.

Cytoplasm: In prokaryotic cells, it corresponds to every internal region of the cell. In eukaryotic cells, in turn, the cytoplasm corresponds to the region between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope and is the site

where cytoplasmic organelles are present. It is the site of several important chemical reactions in eukaryotic cells.

Genetic material: contains the information that determines the characteristics of a living being. In eukaryotic cells, most of the genetic material is contained in the nucleus, which is surrounded by a double membrane, the nuclear envelope. In prokaryotic cells, in turn, there is no nuclear envelope delimiting the genetic material.

Read also: DNA - responsible for transmitting all genetic information to daughter cells

Classification of cells

Prokaryotic cells have no defined nuclei, unlike eukaryotic cells.

Cells can be classified into two basic groups:

prokaryotic and eukaryotic.

Prokaryotic cells

Prokaryotic cells are characterized by having no defined nucleus. In these cells, the genetic material is not delimited by a nuclear covering. Furthermore, in prokaryotic cells, there is no presence of membranous organelles (small structures present in the cytoplasm that perform different functions within the cell, such as intracellular digestion and energy production). Ribosomes, the structures responsible for the synthesis of proteins, are present. As an example of organisms that have prokaryotic cells, we have bacteria and cyanobacteria.

Eukaryotic cells

Eukaryotic cells are those that have a true nucleus, with the genetic material wrapped in a nuclear envelope. Membranous organelles such as mitochondria, golgian complex, and endoplasmic reticulum are also observed in these cells. As with prokaryotic cells, the presence of ribosomes is observed. Examples of organisms with eukaryotic cells include animals, plants, protozoa, algae, and fungi.

Eukaryotic cells can be grouped into two types: plant cells and animal cells. Plant cells differ from animal cells due to the presence of three structures: cell wall, central vacuole, and plasts.

The cell wall of plant cells is mainly cellulose and is located outside the plasma membrane. The cell wall confers greater resistance to the plant cell. The central vacuole is an organelle that has different functions, such as ensuring the maintenance of the pH of the cell and storing substances. Finally, we have the plasts, the best known type being the chloroplast, which is related to photosynthesis.

GENERAL CHEMISTRY

What is a molecule?

Carolina Baptista Carolina Baptista Professor of Chemistry

A molecule is a collection of atoms, equal or different, united by covalent bonds.

These chemical species are electrically neutral and represent the forming unit of a substance.

There are simple molecules, such as the oxygen (O2) of the air we breathe. However, there are also complex compounds, such as buckyballs (60 carbon atoms bonded in the shape of a sphere), which are the largest molecules ever found in space.

Study of the molecule

The covalent bond in a molecule corresponds to the sharing of electrons, usually between non-metallic elements.

See the water molecule as an example of a simple compound.

water molecules

Water molecules (H2O)

When we look at a glass of water, we have no idea that this substance

é formed by several H2O molecules. This formula indicates that water

é composed of three atoms: two hydrogen and one oxygen atoms, which are sharing electrons with each other.

Sugar, which we use to sweeten juices and to make cakes, is also made up of molecules. The unit that forms sugar is sucrose.

sucrose molecule

Sucrose molecule C12H22O11

This molecule is far more complex, since there are 45 atoms bonded. It consists of 12 carbon atoms, 22 hydrogen atoms and 11 oxygen atoms.

Molecules are structures of known molecular mass, but there are also macromolecules, which are "giant structures" formed by so many atoms that their composition is even

indefinite. An example of this type is diamond, a macromolecule formed by countless carbon atoms in a covalent network.

See also: Simple and composite substances Covalent bonding

A covalent chemical bond is established between two atoms when they share their outermost (valence) electrons. Molecules can have two types of bonds:

Molecular covalent bond: The electron pair of the two bonding atoms is shared.

Covalent bond in chlorine molecule (Cl2)

Coordinated (dative) covalent bonding: the shared electrons come from only one of the atoms involved.

Coordinated covalent bond in ammonium (NH4) See also: Covalent bond Molecular geometry

When a molecule is formed, the atoms position themselves in different ways, so that the spatial arrangement is more stable. For this reason, the compounds show different geometries.

Below are some of the geometries that molecules can exhibit.

Molecular geometry

TriangularLinearAngle

E.g. BeH2

E.g. SO2

e.g. BeF3

PyramidalTetrahedralOctahedral

E.g. NH3

E.g. CH4

E.g. SF6

See also: Molecular Geometry: what is it, types, examples, and theory

Polar and apolar molecules

Molecules are classified according to polarity.

Apolar molecules: There is no difference in electronegativity between atoms.

Nitrogen (N2)Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Nitrogen (N2) is an apolar molecule because it is formed by the same chemical element and therefore there is no difference in electronegativity. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is apolar due to its linear geometry, which stabilizes the attraction of oxygen to the electrons.

Polar molecules: There is a difference in electronegativity between atoms, with one pole positive and another pole negative.

Water (H2O)Ammonia (NH3)

In the two examples, we see that the central atoms, oxygen and nitrogen, have unmatched pairs of electrons that form clouds

electronic communications networks. As there are more electronic clouds around the central atoms than established chemical bonds, the molecules are polar.

Read also: Botanical concepts

→ History of Physiology

The study of physiology began in Greece around 2500 years ago. The term physiology comes from the Greek words phýsis and logos, which together literally mean "knowledge of nature".

One of the most influential figures in the field of ancient physiology was Claudius Galen (129-200 AD), a physician known for treating gladiators. Galen carried out various work with animals and followed a doctrine known as the "four humors". This doctrine started from the idea that the body was formed by four different fluids: blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile. According to this doctor, the heart, the liver and the brain were the main organs of the human body.

Another figure worth highlighting is Andreas Versalius (1514-1564), who published in 1543 the work De Humani Corporis Fabrica. This work became known as a major milestone in both the study of anatomy and for modern physiology, initiating a new way of understanding the functioning of the body.

Another study worth highlighting is that of William Harvey (1578-1657). He proposed the theory that blood circulated throughout the body

thanks to the pumping guaranteed by the heart. Up until this point, the most accepted theory stated that blood was constantly produced, and not that it circulated through the body. Harvey's work, without a doubt, was fundamental for the understanding of various other physiological processes.

The greatest advance in this area of Biology happened, however, throughout the 19th century, especially in Germany and France. At that time, there was an understanding of cellular theory and the development of experimental physiology. In the latter case, we must highlight the work of Claude Bernard, who is considered the father of contemporary experimental physiology and highlighted the importance of experimentation.

In the 20th century, several processes were unveiled, and the understanding of biochemistry and molecular biology was fundamental for the deepening of knowledge in physiology. With technological advances, this area continues to grow and many processes will still be understood.

For Ma. Vanessa dos Santos

Would you like to reference this text in a school or academic paper? See:

SANTOS, Vanessa Sardinha dos. "Physiology"; Brazil School. Available at:

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Financial year 1

In the history of the study of Physiology, we know that several people were essential for the development of this branch of Biology. One of the most influential was a doctor who treated gladiators and said that the body was made up of four fluids: blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile. Consider the following alternatives and name this important doctor:

a) Claudius Galen

b) Andreas Vesalius

c) William Harvey

d) Claude Bernard

e) Robert Hooke

Financial year 2

Today we all know that blood circulates through the organism thanks to the pumping of the heart, however, before, the idea was accepted that blood was constantly produced by the body. The researcher who first proposed this idea of pumping blood through the heart was

a) Claudius Galen

b) Andreas Vesalius

c) William Harvey

d) Claude Bernard

e) Robert Hooke

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I would like to thank you very much for this work done here at the Edu academy which will serve for everyone to learn and study better about the functions and relativity that can develop over our organic system and organism and thank you very much to everyone and a strong hug!

HUMAN ANTHROPOLOGY AND ITS TRICEPS AND AN EXAMPLE OF BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTIONS

We really need to disseminate a simple idea in which man can unveil us what we are and where we are going and that space would be a place to make us think and understand about various atomic aspects that in turn made us more physical among various ideas that can remake us about a great variety supposedly equivalent to the elements that make us up and their particularities that reserve us in a nucleus called the human body that we simply can understand its organic dynamics and functions that expands on the body, spirit and soul and we will decipher this question that by a contradictory effect we can accept its dynamics that can vary on the material dense body and the spiritual subtle body that we will prescribe a lesson that there is a science that makes us understand called anthropology that is simply the science that is dedicated to the study of the human species in its entirety, taking into account its origin, development (physical, social, cultural), behavior, psychology, racial particularities, habits, customs, knowledge, beliefs and perhaps its aspects because it is coupled with the electricity of the spirit that governs and makes nuclear chemistry study the transformation of one element into another by means of the emission of energy in the form of radiation, but it is not only to harm man that Nuclear Chemistry exists, it also brings benefits such as the use to generate energy substituting the energy generated by hydroelectric power, and has application in medicine, in agronomy, in industry, etc....

I believe that we stop pacifying the more relative side of life that transforms us every second of existence because of the organic functions that would be like a transmission generator to the atomic nuclear center that classifies us between a relationship of man and nature

human and elemental that proposes us various chemical reactions that come into action and combination of certain substances of developments, growth that makes our organisms develop under certain classes and food chains that we can prescribe all these metamorphosis systems under a wide variety and cell construction to all organic chains as particularity and development of the human being.

The atomic bomb is the result of nuclear fission!

We are going to talk about the body that is atomic and makes us feel in all the chemical reactions of the spirit its functions of pulsing like the universe that generates the human body that is made up of thousands of cells, which are united forming tissues, organs and systems. The various systems of the human body work together to ensure the functioning of the organism as a whole and consequently our survival and we must know that there is a formation between our organic system, while checking the administrative practices and the relations with the external environment of the organic organizations, defined that unlike the mechanistic organizations, it is a suitable model for flexible activities with complex development in the face of an unstable environment and when we speak of an Organic Organization, we speak of a company that has adopted a management model focused on human development. Companies that adopt this organic organization need to have a decentralized system of decisions as well as a flexible hierarchy. I simply want to talk better about his works and functions that always align all the educational purposes in which we sow life among various and fearless ideas about the notion of the human being in life who might have right about such functions that would not allow him destructions among the

free arbiter of the human being who is on a more dressed panorama, able to live that by certain and deserted disabilities could have better consulted the scope of evolving on the planet earth in which we could dissemble any more prudent and effective biological issues the human relationship of the life of the human being with animals that we can exalt a good reasoning between the animal, vegetable and mineral realms that we pass from small living beings that fatally we are apprehending and conquering every day our planet that seems voracious our desires and dedication in which we ourselves can narrate certain opinions between our planet and living beings because I think we are sweeping a solid field to believe in the existence of life because I believe we debilitate our wills about such consequences that we could simply say how selfish we are with ourselves in as much as the planet could understand the will and function of our knowledge that are giving us life and death to such consequences in that we might someday understand the better origin of being alive yet than perhaps undoing ourselves in various conquests that simply pass from more esoteric dreams that make us believe about such existences in as much as nature is showing us closely its effects and collateral functions on the planet itself that is expanding from the side effects of its existence on various destructions of the human being who does not think and rewards each shelf its role in life which is about virtues and greed of the ambition that would be in physics in relation to its construction, its own end as failure, destruction on various dilemmas of evolution and contradiction that the human being can understand perhaps between its triple aspect in which we can also unveil its knowledge and support that makes us today suffering perhaps from some heroine in distortion with the relationships of life in which the being

human can restrain itself, act and survive certain dissemination between time and space that we have now totaled in a vast time period a path we have followed behind some answer in how only we find infertility that we may have picked in the past and cooled in the future in which we can still today believe that the world can be perfect in which people still avoid and undo between life and death desirable dreams in which it makes human beings aware ten of their hour of birth until maturity about uncertain ironies that time shows us how much we do and the earth forces us to establish certain doctrines between perhaps the way of living and relate to nature in how much the human being shows his devastating role that does not even make me think about the time of the monkey that perhaps we could have effectively shown more love and affection about our planet that gave us life and that today is in extinction perhaps by establishing false rules that define the true inconsequential value between the human being and the animal that supposedly can favor us on certain occasions that would only fit us between the understanding and extinct of preserving our lives better in how much we strengthen the dark side of life that can not be more conscious about the true value of the human being that makes us dusk perhaps our days between a world of wars between a challenge between terrible beasts and human machines to dissolve human and in life its sick actions in as much as nature consumes us by the deconstructions created supposedly in a small interval of time and in a short space called the atom that in a smaller fraction of an element is able to enter in combination, short space and moment in which perhaps we can still witness the construction of life between a universal relativity in which life was made in a smaller fraction of an element and the human being shows himself

uncontested with his artificial dynamics that due to his own ignorance he would almost not be able to conquer the space that perhaps can tell us, can make us understand why to live and that nature would be only a reaction of life that is clearly being unleashed by living beings that are unenjoyable against perhaps the way of thinking higher and ambitious about the poor planet that expands at every moment of circulatory and vibrational life in circumstance of life and death making us understand that we could reap something better between both things devoid of ambition and the vanishing punishment of perdition and that one day everything can be conformed to the existence of life in mere distraction that makes man die early between the sin of knowledge or the indiscreet ignorance that still shows itself socialized to the world that closes itself between four walls for the inhumane who try to discourage and degrade their own existence in how much nature reflects life and give us abundance to our pleasures and deforestation would perhaps be an indifferent cause of the human being that may someday understand the superlative effect that consumes us between great earthquakes, burning of the soil and forests that burn because of the flora and the terrible deforestation that damage the flora and fauna causing the biodiversity of life and even today we seek to improve the ecosystem of this if we have to protect nature about In these ways, human beings are robbed of their innocence when large industries pour into rivers large quantities of chemicals that are absorbed in the water of the seas and rivers, causing the death of several fish and marine animals, and human beings are conserving and industrializing their desires, which in the future have only gone from fearless twists and turns of nature, which due to the ozone layer that in the respiration and cell, uses oxygen and releases carbon gas. We must not forget

Even though oxygen, under the action of the sun's ultraviolet rays, gives rise to ozone, which forms the ozone layer, and today we are thinking about how

é that man was the moon to show us what the world is like and we can only dream of the future that here we plant what we reap among perhaps certain more evolved human beings of human nature that makes us understand that we are returning perhaps among several countries to the beginning of the world that is this most confused Big Bang that among so many scientific theories we can understand the side cause or effect that defines us and refines between life perhaps more between time and space getting the life denser that we can productively eliminate every feeling and bad mood of the soul that we can disseminate the unrealities with the realities that makes us confused in the social environment in which we hardly believe in education that would be the most scholarly and constitutional means for development human and nature causes us to die due to man's bad conscience about life that is the slave of his own thought that someday will learn to live and value his life as the simple existence of his planet that has always welcomed him between a world perhaps more captive and insufficient of pleasures and devastating power that has always killed the human being in life about his inconsequential extortion and way of living and I want to talk about the space that always formalizes us between perhaps a ceremony of time in which we know ourselves almost empty inside a planet that has always shown us where life originated and that its existence would in fact be the universe that specified our thoughts that someday we will all understand about maybe its resonance that dances along their pulsations of lives and deaths getting all about cause and creative deed of mother nature and that is more supreme this formality that expands on perhaps four

constructive elements that gives us life, love and hatred that is called air, water, earth and fire in which we can perhaps

to understand that in matter there is life and that the atom is endowed with four elements that vivifies us and gives us life called the atom that in the smallest fraction of an element we can classify matter as the atomic nucleus that between the combination of the spirit vivifying each atom in the periphery and the escapes and leaks of electrons in a combination of supposed author, indivisible moment and short space and we can thank the space man that formalized us among so many ideas that today we can say that life would be clearer and easier and that we can understand why we are alive and that life would eternally be an existence of the universe that we will fully someday learn to value and his own life. We really need to disseminate a simple idea in which man can unveil us what we are and where we're going and that space would be a place to make us think and understand about various atomic aspects that in turn made us more physical among various ideas that can remake us about a great variety supposedly equivalent to the elements that make us up and their particularities that reserve us in a nucleus called the human body that we simply can understand its organic dynamics and functions that expands on the body, spirit and soul and we will rank this question that by a contradictory effect we can accept its dynamics that can vary over the material dense body and the spiritual subtle body that we will prescribe as a lesson that exists science that makes us understand the so-called anthropology that is simply the science that is dedicated to the study of the human species in its entirety, taking into account its origin, development (physical, social, cultural) that we can simplify as the body that we demonstrate its physical state and its spirit as its chemical development that is spiritual that we base on its social development as the soul shows us

its effectiveness by the creative system of cultural development that systematically applies various flavors as a very warm recipe to a class that potentially makes us react and govern all the tonalities of life controlling the body and mind establishing a dilemma to the atomic nuclear system that systematically we can understand its value and consistency over all life and we will talk about the spirit that shows us electrical means about all the formalities of life and its resistances that completes the core and give us the life called Nuclear Chemistry that studies the transformation of one element into another by means of the emission of energy in the form of radiation. Nuclear Chemistry studies means of use of all materials that suffer the phenomenon called radioactive decay that is Invisible, strong and Vitalino or light of the existing life that by the nature of one or creation of a life is set to pulse within the nucleus the nuclear chemistry that is extinguished in various functions that is one thing and nobody gets too deep with unshakable consciousness to conflict and be with the soul or perhaps be in conflict with the self, fighting spirit, spirit of life or who give life always with us until the turn of life or time. In a nutshell, the spirit is our consciousness that can be good or evil and can guide our attitudes. So while the soul is present in anyone as long as that individual is alive, the spirit of a person can be eternal while the soul always dominates as much as the life of the body and subtle energy that makes us think and feel all the effects and constructions that the human being builds in soul by simply being sonorous and constructive his emotions constructs of love or hatred over life that can tell us how perfect or imperfect we are with our constructions and capabilities in which the mind aligns itself to all the processes that vibrate over the organic functions

distracting and engaging us under all the intimacies of life and well-being or social malaise that we can only build under an atmosphere of habits and proper our human natures that we can say we will be studying something related to an ethnography that is the descriptive study of the various ethnicities, of their anthropological and social characteristics and we just need to be able to deal with the perfect orders as a defined manifestation and function created by a region of social prosperity and we certainly must move forward, we see a restriction or perfect stage of strict and strict laws, reality that pushes us further the lower walls of society that always exposes itself to conflict and learning so that we can move forward and save ourselves from the grim and cruel disadvantage that it always brings back to the world and to life trying to avoid the benefits that may be deceiving us in our dreams that we will not use the future as an accuracy to simplify something of power and value about the disintegration of life because we can still be the winners of a more powerful and voluntary society that we are able to administer the perfect commands that give rise to a certain version of human progress in life and we can say that we are socialist creators of not blaming themselves for the life that we can sociologically unravel to contain and goes as ethnography because we are able to build the world and we do not care about the weakness of life because we are a record active from the material culture of a certain people who always surpasses and we can manage life according to socialist ideas and within them always suppress human well-being in life because it is the realities of steel with the simple desire of the conqueror who always dies before their progress triumphs over the simple conditions created by life that we call art and

we want to simplify the ethnography that studies and reveal the customs, beliefs and traditions of a society that is passed down from generation to generation and allows for the continuity of a particular culture or social system. Ethnography is intrinsic to all aspects of Cultural Anthropology that studies the processes of social interaction and the knowledge, ideas, techniques, skills, rules of conduct and habits acquired in the social life of a people who never allowed them to be imperfect to conquer life. class and live the power to overcome and take everything as abstractions of life that we can simply administer each class and conquer power as the first point of restoring a source of high value and appreciation for our actions and work performance for some purpose that we will never have to close as a resolution and aim progress as dignity and prosperity to live according to human rights and responsibilities as a genuine process of man on the threshold of From satisfaction, from the conquest of real life as a daily example in a context that seems more like the rules and laws of social life in the world we call the means of progress, which are the laws of return based on a socialist impotence that we must always adhere to and never see our commitments as an idea to make life an incomplete structure that tomorrow will have to give examples of its ideas and it is the contrary that we seek from the present to the past and from the past to the future in the way of profit and so we will overcome the lions crossing the paths of domination that is the existence of human power in their life in which we can say that we are able to change a history according to the time in accordance with the time it takes for the interruption of life -we wake up and code at an unexpected recovery point where life is not an estimate of failures plus the gains we should always pay attention to because here we

exaggerate the potential failure and we live and we must always progress as a lesson that we can commit ourselves to managing our lives and however difficult our ideas of conquest are that we call power.

We really need to disseminate a simple idea in which man can unveil us what we are and where we're going and that space would be a place to make us think and understand about various atomic aspects that in turn made us more physical among various ideas that can remake us about a great variety supposedly equivalent to the elements that make us up and their particularities that reserve us in a nucleus called the human body that we simply can understand its organic dynamics and functions that expands on the body, spirit and soul and we will rank this question that by a contradictory effect we can accept its dynamics that can vary over the material dense body and the spiritual subtle body that we will prescribe as a lesson that exists science that makes us understand the so-called anthropology that is simply the science that is dedicated to the study of the human species in its entirety, taking into account its origin, development (physical, social, cultural), behavior, psychology, racial particularities, habits, customs, knowledge, beliefs and perhaps its aspects by being coupled with the electricity of the spirit that governs and makes nuclear chemistry study the transformation of one element into another by means of the emission of energy in the form of radiation, but it is not only to harm man that Nuclear Chemistry exists, it also brings benefits such as the use to generate energy substituent to the energy generated by hydroelectric power, and has application in medicine, agronomy, etc....

The atomic bomb is the result of nuclear fission!

Perhaps we are improving ourselves under a great relationship of activities in which we can particularly review an explanation that we will think of the body to its most dense state of any materiality that we are only subject to material prejudices due to flesh by a religious fiction being weak to the spiritual planes that are in elevation to all that it proposes and absorbs us totally in dust by being of the dust that was generated the human being between an atomic aspect and reaction that compromises us with the terrestrial planes and according to spiritism and science space can be considered homogeneous our nature that simply in everything and everything contains us under a relationship of three atomic elements called protons, electrons and neutrons that versify mind we call it matter that is called atom that we can understand its manifestations, development and constructions on the material plane in which we can understand all the relationships of life leaving nature as a key to material entry and exit in as the forces and forms of nature builds and destroys itself in a movement of construction and death leaving life as a generator of setback to the human being and we can establish norms and doctrines both spiritual and material by vivivifying each atom between its natural relations with the universal and material nature in what we call the foreground in which they are well codified to the dense and subtle state of the universe in which it passes to the material state causing life on earth. We really need to disseminate a simple idea in which man can reveal to us who we are and where we're going and that space would be a place to make us think and understand about various atomic aspects that in turn made us more physical among several ideas that can remake us

about a great variety supposedly equivalent to the elements that compose us and their particularities that reserve us in a nucleus called the human body that we simply can understand their dynamics and organic functions that expands on the body, spirit and soul and we will classify this issue that by a contradictory effect we can accept their dynamics that can vary on the material dense body and the spiritual subtle body that we will prescribe as a lesson that there is a science that makes us understand called anthropology that simply is the science that is dedicated to the study of the human species in its entirety, taking into account its origin, development (physical, social, cultural).

I would like to show you this fantastic text that I have made a book created and developed by myself and that I have done so with great honor and satisfaction, which has supported me to know the body, spirit and soul that we were seeking here for an existence in life that I maintain as security of my life against diseases and ailments that the world is not in contact with the reality of life itself and I want you to feel the nobility of my studies of life behind the happiness of living and being happy that are wrapped in these countless pages theoretically by great masters of science and with great curiosity of my wisdom that rises alongside my book that enters as an emanation of light about life and its contexts life and be happy in full health.

I want to firmly highlight and indicate to readers that this compendium created and created by me is an extraordinary memory that I keep with love and affection so that everyone can read and understand with extraordinary firmness that life in us is something very precious for the human being and children of God and know how to understand all the details

narrated in these little leaves that were born of a feeling and thought that life is like an eternal box never to stop playing the same music or the same life that is a constant impulse all over life.

Biology is the science that studies living and living organisms, their structure, growth, functioning, reproduction, origin, evolution, distribution, as well as their relationship with the environment and each other; bioscience, biological sciences [includes many other specialized sciences, such as ecology, biochemistry, genetics, zoology, and botany].

The vitamin is in the biochemistry of each one of the organic molecules, present in relatively small quantities in living beings, but essential for metabolism.

Mineral salts are nutrients that provide important substances such as sodium, potassium, calcium and iron, etc.

The biochemical protein is a macromolecule composed of one or more polypeptide chains, each with a characteristic amino acid sequence and molecular weight; protid [represents a large part of the mass of living beings and is necessary in the diet of animals and organisms that do not carry out photosynthesis.]

The cell is a structural and functional microscopic unit of living organisms, consisting essentially of genetic material, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane.

The human body is a set of bone and muscle structure that includes the human organism. It is also responsible for the maintenance of human life, along with all other vital functions that the body

human plays.

Bodybuilding is a complex of muscle movements.

The mineral is a natural crystalline solid body formed as a result of the interaction of physicochemical processes in geological environments. Each mineral is classified and named not only on the basis of its chemical composition, but also on the crystalline structure of the materials that make it up.

The plant kingdom is the realm of nature that groups together plants, a vast array of multicellular, unmotile, and mostly autotrophic photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms, containing cells that usually include one or more chloroplasts, organelles.

The mineral kingdom, unlike the animal and plant kingdoms, consists of all that has no life, for example, water, soil, gas, minerals, rocks. The origin of minerals characterized by cooling of magma, precipitation of salts or rearrangement of ions (metamorphism).

Plant the kingdom: concept, is, meaning. The kingdom of Plantae is a concept that belongs to the area of biology and refers to the group composed of all terrestrial plants, including mosses in the large trees of the Amazon.

Enzymes are organic substances with the function of catalyzing other chemical reactions and improving the production of compounds essential for our health.

Autoimmune disease is a failure in a functional division of the immune system called autotolerance, which results in immune responses against cells and tissues of the body. Any disease resulting from

type of response is called an autoimmune disease.

The atoms of the thinkers of atomism, each one of the tiny eternal and indivisible particles that combine and disintegrate driven by the mechanical forces of nature, thus determining the characteristics of each object.

The chemical element is the set of atoms with the same atomic number, that is, with the same quantity of protons in its nucleus. The atomic number is the number of protons an atom has in its nucleus.

Physiology is the study of the functions and normal functioning of living beings, esp. the physical-chemical processes that occur in the cells, tissues, organs and systems these, you were a healthy life; biophysiology.

The functions common to all living things, also called vital functions, include: reproductive functions, including gametogenesis, fertilization, spore propagation or other reproductive structures, etc; metabolism functions, such as breathing, eating; and catabolism functions.

Genes, in the definition of classical genetics, are the fundamental unit of heredity. Each gene is made up of a specific sequence of nucleic acids, the most important biomolecules in cell control, since they contain genetic information.

Chemistry is the scientific study of the constitution of matter, its properties, transformations, and the laws that govern them.

Biochemistry is an interdisciplinary science (or branch) that uses

principles and methods of chemistry to study the transformations that occur in substances and molecules of living beings and their metabolic processes; biological chemistry, physiological chemistry.

Alchemy is the chemistry of the Middle Ages, which sought to discover the universal panacea, or to remedy all physical and moral ills, and the philosopher's stone, which was to transform metals into gold; spaghetti, spaghetti.

Metaphysics in Aristotelianism, a fundamental subdivision of philosophy, characterized by the investigation of realities that transcend sensitive experience, able to provide a basis for all particular sciences, through reflection on the primary nature of being; philosophy above all.

in kantism, the study of the constitutive forms or laws of reason, the basis of all speculations about super-sensitive realities (the cosmic totality, God or the human soul), and the source of general principles for empirical knowledge.

The body first understands what the body is, because it is the visible part, that is, what we live in the physical world. There are passages in the Bible that state that God created man from the dust of the earth, which arose in Roman Catholicism and Islam.

The body's organic composition is 72% water, 14% carbon, 9% hydrogen, 5% nitrogen and 3.5% distributed among 15 other elements, such as calcium, potassium, sulfur, sodium, iodine, chlorine, zinc, among others. Coincidentally or not, this is also the same organic composition as the Earth. That is, the land that gives life to human beings is the same land that produces food.

The Bible is very emphatic in saying that Jesus became man in all things, but he was also 100% spirit. But to God, the body is his address, or sanctuary, or tabernacle of flesh, or even a little God.

The soul in the New Testament recognizes the soul as a "psyche", translated from the Greek as an invisible inner part. It is considered the thirst for emotions that works in the field of human mind and emotional feelings. Also in the Old Testament, four categories of souls were suggested: the biological soul (connected to emotions in the physical sense), the eternal soul (God's gift, a differentiated soul), the soul as a citizen and the soul as a feeling (feelings like joy and sorrow).

The spirit is the part that connects Christians to God, is the connection with spiritual things. It's something that belongs only to man. In the Bible, we see that the spirit was swollen in Adam's nostrils. The connection between the spirit and God occurs through prayer, praise, and glory to him.

The spirit can govern the life and character of man, representing nature and transforming it every day into the true image and likeness of God, is the active principle of our spiritual life and is also immortal. Responsible for maintaining a connection with God and receiving his knowledge.

Homogeneous is that which has the same nature and/or has similar structure, function, distribution, etc. with respect to (it is said of something compared to another).

É which presents great unity, adherence among its elements. Physics is science that investigates the laws of the universe in relation to

matter and energy, which are its components and their interactions.

Quantum physics is a branch of theoretical science that studies all phenomena that occur with atomic and subatomic particles, that is, equal to or less than atoms, such as electrons, protons, molecules and photons, for example.

The five kingdoms are the most complete category and include living beings with similar characteristics, but some important peculiarities. Currently, we consider the existence of five kingdoms: Monera, Protista or Protoctista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.

The seven and five senses are taste, touch, smell, sight and hearing are not the only senses of the human body. We often hear the statement that we have five senses. But what scholars like the neurologist Alvaro Pascual-Leone and the psychologists Daniel Simons and Christopher Chabris, from Harvard University in the United States, say is that our capacity for perceiving the world, internally and externally, goes far beyond the base and Aristotelian 5 senses. To get an idea of what that means, we can try to answer the questions. In the beginning, the request for a title for a silly receipt: in school, we learn that there are only five: sight, hearing, touch, smell and taste. Then came fiction to expand our horizons: the film "The sixth sense" presented us to another, responsible for the perception of extrasensory and supernatural experiences, while in the drawing universe "The knights of the zodiac" it is possible to reach the eighth sense, it would be superior to all others. But which of these assumptions is right?

The answer may seem absurd, but a little research leads us to the answer that we are not limited to the "classical" senses - in the

However, even fiction does not find the correct explanations. The numbers vary according to the research developed and range from a minimum of 9 to a maximum of 33 different perceptions.

Breaking the myth

The most common senses we know and learn are called "fundamental senses." The classification is attributed to the Greek philosopher Aristotle and takes into consideration the most basic methods of perception of the human body, capable of explaining our relationship with the various stimuli of the environment. However, this does not mean that this information is incorrect, but only incomplete.

Taste, smell, sight, and hearing are all part of a consensual response: they all exist, but can be extended to more complex classifications. The problem is that there is no official formulation for how many senses there are in the human body.

As the more complex ramifications involve more specific scientific knowledge, we will address what the four additional senses of our body would be.

perceptions

Outside of fiction, perception has nothing to do with "I see the dead" or any other kind of supernatural experience. Two of the senses are strongly related to daily sensations, but you don't even think they fall into this category.

proprioception

When you close your eyes, for example, you can feel the muscles and limbs of your body, even if you can't see them: this is the call

sense of proprioception or spatial position of the body. See how important it is: close your eyes and put your right index finger on your belly button. The person responsible for unconsciously "showing you" where these body parts are located is proprioception.

balance

Another important perception concerns equilibrium, which is one of the most important senses of our body. After all, it is responsible for making us stand up, walk, feel gravity acting on our bodies and practice sports, for example. It works by moving the fluids present in the inner ear, which oscillate according to our actions.

The skin superpowers

One of the most fascinating mechanisms of the human body is what the nervous system is capable of doing with the skin. It reacts to contact with any object - otherwise, if we touch it with an ice cube or a grid, for example. It is responsible for the other additional senses of the human body.

É on the skin that the greatest number of additional senses is concentrated, thanks to the high number of different nerve endings. What we call touch, therefore, can be expanded in thermo-reception, which is the act of feeling changes in temperature, like cold water, or when approaching the stove, for example.

Moreover, this is a very important defense function, as it keeps us away from possible dangers, such as very high or low temperatures. But, like the other senses of the body, it does not work without the help of other mechanisms.

nociception

This perception is usually associated with other senses, as it is activated to alert pain. It may be a physical presence of touch, such as a wrist or needle, to thermal wounds (such as burns) and chemical wounds (such as inflammation). Those responsible for detecting this are sensors that spread throughout the body called nociceptors.

The internal senses

But none of these senses would have worked without the brain activity and nervous system. In addition to the mechanisms already mentioned, the

é able to manifest perceptions that you don't even realize how it works, but that are essential to our existence. The functioning of organs can also be considered isolated senses, such as filtering the kidneys or releasing secretions from the liver.

Without going into more complex issues, it is possible to mention perceptions such as hunger, thirst or the passage of time. Furthermore, according to some of the studies that increase the number of human senses to 21 or 33, even the most specific parts of the body make up the list, such as various sensory receptors spread throughout the lungs, brain or spinal cord.

Synesthesia

Some people say they are able to relate colors, smells, sounds or tastes, even if they are not present in the environment, such as combining green and a sweet taste or immediately smelling meat when you see the image of a barbecue made, for example.

This is synesthesia, a very curious phenomenon about the senses.

Any person who is able to mix more than one sensory plane, causing effects as in the examples mentioned above. Usually, this activity is related to the use of hallucinogenic drugs, but there are those who develop this "superpower" without the help of any substance. Now that you know that the human body has more than five senses, realize during your daily life how many times you use each of the complementary senses and be alarmed at what it would be like to live without it.

The seven chakra and their meanings are seven main chakra associated with the endocrine system of the human body, located along the spine, from the bottom up are: basic, sexual, umbilical, cardiac, laryngeal, frontal and coronary.

Mental power, we're talking about your ability to change your life. Many of us are aware of the existence of a "subconscious" mind, but we don't necessarily know what it is, what it does or how we master it.

Yoga or yoga means to control, to unite. It is a term of Sanskrit origin, a language found in India, particularly in the Hindu religion. Yoga is a concept and a philosophy that works the body and the mind, through the traditional disciplines of those who practice it.

Psychology is a science that deals with mental states and processes, human behavior, and their interactions with a physical and social environment. It is a set of psychological traits characteristic of an individual or group of individuals.

Now, we will decipher several questions that I used here with much love for everything related to life and its variant strategies, in which we see the

human body much more effective in our eyes, that perhaps does not see simply the relationship of the human being between science and science... life and thank you all!

WHAT IS BIOLOGY?

What is biology? Who has never asked that question while studying this subject? This science is linked to the study of life in all its nuances.

Biology studies life in its most varied aspects Before we start studying any discipline, we need to know what it is. It was probably this doubt that brought him here: what is biology, after all?

The name of this science derives from the combination of two Greek terms: bio, which means life, and logos, which means study. Therefore, we say that biology is the science responsible for the study of life in all its aspects. But you're asking yourself, what would life be like? And, after all, what aspects are studied by biology?

Amazingly, the first question is not easy to answer, because life does not have a definition accepted by all scientists. It is very difficult to define clearly what life is without excluding some clearly living organisms. Until then, the great majority of researchers established that a living being is an organism that exhibits metabolism, reproduces, and is subject to evolutionary processes.

Other questions arise from the definition of life: what is metabolism? What is reproduction? What is evolution? We can say that metabolism is the biochemical reactions that occur in the body and cells of a being. Reproduction is the ability to generate a new living being. Finally, the

evolution concerns the changes for which living beings suffer over time. Therefore, for an organism to be considered alive, it must carry out biochemical reactions in its body, be able to generate offspring and undergo changes over time.

Now that we know what life biologists study, it remains to know the factors related to it that have been specifically studied by Biology. Unfortunately, even this answer is not simple, because this science deals with all the characteristics of a living organism. When we study this science, we analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of a being, the structures of its cells, its genes, how organs work, how the development and evolution of a living being occurs, how this organism relates to others and to the environment, among many other aspects fundamental to understanding how a being is established or established on the planet.

In the face of so many questions to be answered by a living being, it was necessary to divide biology into different areas for the study to proceed satisfactorily. Botany, for example, is an area of biology that studies plants. However, there is no professional who studies all aspects of plants, since there are botanists specialized in anatomy, physiology, taxonomy, genetics and many other aspects.

It is worth pointing out that biology does not exist only to describe living beings. It was with this that we made marvelous discoveries, such as those that occurred in the field of health and that contributed to the prevention of various diseases and to the treatment of problems that previously had death sentences. This science has also achieved marvelous results in genetics, such as the creation of genetically modified organisms. In addition, biology plays a vital role in crime,

helping to hold criminals accountable by studying biological material at crime scenes.

One realizes, therefore, that biology, in spite of being extremely broad, complex and full of questions to be answered, is also an area full of beauties and fascinating aspects that make us understand the importance of each being, from the macro to those microscopic.

In this space, you will learn about the most curious points of biology and deepen topics essential to this science. Discover the most fascinating texts about the study of life in the texts below.

Vitamins

Vitamins are organic compounds not synthesized by the body, which are incorporated through food.

They are essential for the functioning of important biochemical processes in the organism, in particular as catalysts of chemical reactions.

The main sources of vitamins are fruits, vegetables, meat, milk, eggs and cereals.

Partial vitamin deficiency is called hypovitaminosis, while excessive vitamin intake is called hypervitaminosis. Avitaminosis is the extreme or total lack of vitamins.

There are also pro-vitamins, substances from which the body is capable of synthesizing vitamins. For example: carotenes (pro-vitamin A) and sterols (pro-vitamin D).

Vitamins are found in a wide variety of foods

types

Vitamins are divided into two groups depending on the substance in which they dissolve:

• Fat-soluble vitamins are fat-soluble vitamins and therefore can be preserved. This group includes vitamins A, D, E and K.

• Water-soluble vitamins: These are water-soluble vitamins B and vitamin C. They cannot be stored in the body, making cases of hypervitaminosis rare. They are also rapidly absorbed and excreted.

Fat-soluble vitamins

Vitamin A (retinol / beta-carotene)

• Functions: growth and development of tissues; antioxidant action; reproductive functions; epithelial integrity, important for vision.

• Sources: liver, kidney, cream, butter, whole milk, egg yolk, cheese and blue fish. Sources of carotenes present in carrot, zucchini, sweet potato, mango, melon, papaya, red pepper, broccoli, cress, spinach.

• Hypovitaminosis: keratinization of the mucous membranes lining the respiratory, digestive and urinary tract. Keratinization of skin and epithelium of eye. Skin changes, insomnia, acne, dry skin with peeling, decreased taste and appetite, night blindness, corneal ulcers, loss of appetite, growth inhibition, fatigue, bone abnormalities, weight loss, increased incidence of infections.

• Hypervitaminosis: joint pain, thinning of the long bones, hair loss and jaundice.

Vitamin D

• Functions: calcium and phosphorus absorption. Helps the growth and strength of bones, teeth, muscles and nerves;

• Sources: milk and derivatives, margarine and fortified cereals, fatty fish, eggs, brewer's yeast.

• Hypovitaminosis: bone abnormalities, rickets, osteomalacia;

• Hypervitaminosis: hyperkalaemia, bone pain, weakness, developmental insufficiency, calcium deposits in the kidneys;

Vitamin E (tocopherol)

• Functions: antioxidant action, protects cells from damage caused by free radicals, helping to prevent cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer.

• Sources: vegetable oils, walnuts, almonds, hazelnuts, wheat germ, avocado, oats, sweet potato, dark green vegetables.

• Hypovitaminosis: hemolytic anemia, neurological disorders, peripheral neuropathy, and skeletal myopathy.

• Hypervitaminosis: no toxicity is known.

Vitamin K

• Functions: catalyzes the synthesis of blood clotting factors in the liver. Vitamin K acts in the production of prothrombin, which combines with calcium to help produce the clotting effect, in addition to being

necessary to maintain bone health.

• Sources: green leafy vegetables, liver, beans, peas and carrots.

• Hypovitaminosis: tendency to bleed.

• Hypervitaminosis: dyspnoea and hyperbilirubinaemia.

Water-soluble vitamins

Vitamin CI

• Functions: antioxidant, healing, acts in the growth and maintenance of body tissues, including bone matrix, cartilage, collagen and connective tissue.

• Food sources: citrus fruits, fruits, apples, tomatoes, potatoes, sweet potatoes, cabbage, broccoli.

• Hypovitaminosis: bleeding points in the skin and bones, weak capillaries, fragile joints, difficulty healing wounds, bleeding gums.

Exotic fruits are also excellent sources of vitamin C.

Vitamins B complex.

B vitamins include eight vitamins, which are:

thiamine

(B1)

· Functions: release of energy from carbohydrates, fats and alcohol.

Sources: wheat germ, pea, yeast, fortified breakfast cereals, peanuts, liver, potatoes, pork and beef,

liver, cereals, vegetables.

• Hypovitaminosis: Beriberi (pain and paralysis of the extremities, cardiovascular changes and edema), anorexia, indigestion, constipation, gastric atony, insufficient secretion of hydrochloric acid, fatigue, general apathy, weakening of cardiac muscle, edema, heart failure and chronic skeletal muscle pain system.

Hypervitaminosis: may interfere with the absorption of other B vitamins.

Riboflavin (B2)

• Functions: provides food energy, growth in children, restoration and maintenance of tissues.

• Sources: yogurt, milk, cheese, liver, kidney, heart, wheat germ, vitamin cereals, cereals, blue fish, yeast, eggs, crab, almond, pumpkin seeds, vegetables.

• Hypovitaminosis: cheiliosis (cracks in the corners of the mouth), glossitis

(swelling and redness of the tongue), blurred vision, photophobia, skin peeling, seborrheic dermatitis.

Niacin (B3)

• Functions: necessary for the production of energy in cells.

It plays a role in enzyme actions in fatty acid metabolism, tissue respiration, and the elimination of toxins.

• Sources: lean meat, liver, blue fish, peanuts, vitamin cereals, milk, mushroom cheese, peas, green leafy vegetables, eggs, artichokes, potatoes, asparagus.

• Hypovitaminosis: weakness, pelagra, anorexia, indigestion, rash, confusion, apathy, disorientation, neuritis.

Pantothenic acid (B5)

• Functions: transformation of energy from fats, proteins and carbohydrates into essential substances such as hormones and fatty acids.

• Sources: liver, kidney, egg yolk, milk, wheat germ, peanuts, walnuts, whole grains, avocado.

• Hypovitaminosis: neurological disorders, headache, cramps and nausea.

Pyridoxine (B6)

Functions: plays a role in the central nervous system, participates in lipid metabolism, in the structure of phosphorylase and in the transport of amino acids through the cell membrane.

• Sources: wheat germ, potato, banana, cruciferous vegetables, nuts, nuts, fish, avocado, sesame seeds.

• Hypovitaminosis: central nervous system abnormalities, skin disorders, anemia, irritability, and seizures.

• Hypervitaminosis: ataxia and sensory neuropathy.

Biotin (B8)

• Functions: energy production through food, fat synthesis, excretion of protein residues.

Sources: egg yolk, liver, kidney, heart, tomato, yeast, oats,

beans, soy, nuts, artichoke, peas and mushrooms. · Hypovitaminosis: skin changes. Folate (B9) - Folic acid

• Functions: acts as a coenzyme in the metabolism of carbohydrates, maintains the function of the immune system, along with vitamin B12, is present in the synthesis of DNA and RNA, besides participating in the formation and maturation of blood cells.

• Sources: green leafy vegetables, liver, beet, wheat germ, vitamin cereals, nuts, peanuts, cereals, vegetables.

• Hypovitaminosis: megaloblastic anemia, mucosal lesions, neural tube malformation, growth problems, gastrointestinal disorders, changes in nuclear cell morphology.

Cobalamine (B12)

• Functions: acts as a coenzyme in amino acid metabolism and in the formation of the heme part of hemoglobin; essential for DNA and RNA synthesis; participates in the formation of red blood cells

• Sources: animal feed, liver, kidneys, lean meat, milk, eggs, cheese, yeast.

• Hypovitaminosis: pernicious anemia, megaloblastic anemia, gastrointestinal disorders.

• Find out what it is used for and where to find each type of vitamin

A little varied diet causes diseases derived from avitaminosis

Vitamins promote various benefits to the body, in addition to maintaining

the body working. According to nutritionist André Veinert, they also belong to a group of organic nutrients that promote physical and mental well-being. Therefore, they should be consumed daily in suitable portions.

The amount to be ingested may vary according to the person's age, gender, health, and physical activity. Vitamin doses need to be increased and strengthened in pregnant women, breastfeeding women and people with health problems - the specialist explains.

Vitamins are classified according to the substances that dissolve them. Vitamins A, D, K, E are soluble in fat, that is, soluble in fat. If swallowed too much, they can harm the body. Vitamin C and B complexes (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8 and 9) are water-soluble (water-soluble). They are excreted by the kidneys and can be consumed every day.

The logo warns of the lack of vitamins in the body, which can cause avitaminosis and other diseases.

- Absence can be caused by a somewhat varied diet. Those who do not consume fruit or vegetables may develop certain illnesses as a consequence of avitaminosis — he says.

But remember that abusive consumption also becomes a health risk. Ask for expert advice, maintain healthy habits and exercises, to keep your whole body and mind in perfect harmony.

Know the main vitamins and their most important functions:

Vitamin A

It plays a very important role in vision, growth,

skin development and maintenance. Where to find it: animal feed, dark green leafy vegetables, yellow-to-orange fruits.

Vitamin D

É fundamental in bone metabolism, which helps prevent diseases such as rickets, osteomalacia and osteoporosis. Where to find it: fish liver oil, butter, cream, egg yolk and salmon.

Vitamin E

It is related to the prevention of conditions associated with oxidative stress, such as aging, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, among others. Where to find: almonds, corn oil, soy oil, egg yolk, nuts, wheat germ.

Vitamin C

It helps to strengthen the immune system, helps with the process of the body absorbing iron, in combating stress, and acts as a natural antibiotic. Where to find: pineapple, strawberry, lemon, orange, passion fruit.

Vitamin K

É It is important for good blood clotting to be present in the fat of foods mainly of plant origin. Where to find: green foods such as green leafy vegetables and vegetables such as cabbage, broccoli and parsley.

Vitamin b12

It is associated with the functioning of all cells and also to nervous tissue. Its absence can cause neurological changes and the

megaloblastic anemia. Where to find it: liver and kidneys, milk, eggs, fish, cheese and meat.

Vitamin B1 (thiamin)

It keeps the nervous and circulatory systems in good condition and helps in blood formation and carbohydrate metabolism. Prevents aging, improves brain function, fights depression and fatigue. Where to find: leafy vegetables (lettuce, spinach), aubergines, mushrooms, whole grains, beans, nuts, tuna, beef and poultry.

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

It prevents cataracts, helps in the repair and maintenance of the skin and in the production of the hormone adrenaline. Where to find: vegetables, whole grains, milk and meat.

Vitamin B3 (nicotinamide)

It reduces triglycerides and cholesterol and helps the nervous and immune system function properly. Where to find: yeast, lean meat and poultry, liver, milk, egg yolks, whole grains, leafy vegetables (broccoli, spinach), asparagus, carrots, sweet potatoes, dried fruits, tomatoes, avocado.

Vitamin B5 (pantathenic acid)

Contributes to red blood cell formation and chemical detoxification. It prevents cartilage degeneration and helps build antibodies. Where to find it: meat, eggs, milk, whole and whole grains, peanuts, yeast, vegetables (broccoli), some fruits (avocado), ovaries of cold water fish, royal jelly.

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)

It reduces the risk of heart disease, helps maintain the central nervous system and the immune system. It also relieves migraine and nausea. Where to find: whole grains, sunflower seeds, soybeans, peanuts, beans, birds, fish, fruits (bananas, tomatoes, avocados) and vegetables (spinach).

Vitamin B7 (biotin)

It promotes cell growth, helps to produce fatty acids, and reduces blood sugar. Vitamin B7 prevents baldness and also relieves muscle pain. Where to find: poultry meat, liver, kidneys, egg yolk, cauliflower, pea.

Vitamin B9 (folic acid)

Promotes the health of hair and skin. Vitamin B9 provides nutrients to ensure the maintenance of the immune, circulatory and nervous systems and helps fight breast and colon cancer.

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)

It acts on red blood cells, nerve cells, hormonal balance and skin beauty. When consumption of vitamin B12-rich foods is reduced, it is necessary to take a dietary supplement to avoid anemia and other complications. Where to find: liver, kidneys, meat, fish, eggs, milk, cheese.

MINERALS

Minerals are inorganic chemical compounds that, if grouped together, give rise to different types of rocks.

Set of different minerals for economic use

Minerals are naturally formed inorganic chemicals that have a well-defined molecular structure. They may form on Earth or appear on the planet through meteorites and other non-terrestrial space bodies.

Currently, there are more than 4,000 minerals listed, and as geological studies advance, more and more are discovered. minerals, some of which have been extracted since 2014, for example, a group of researchers discovered a new mineral present in a meteorite that was collected in Antarctica in the 1960s. The mineral's name is Wassonite and it was produced on Earth only in laboratory research.

The atoms, in general, have a crystallized structure with a consolidated chemical chain, responsible for conferring on this mineral its physical properties. As we have already said, they are always of inorganic origin, therefore the materials of organic origin are called mineraloids, like pearl and amber.

Depending on their composition, minerals can be classified into metallic and non-metallic:

Do not stop now... Have more after the announcement;)

a) Metallic minerals: as the name suggests, they are those composed of metallic chemical elements. They are usually good conductors of electricity. Examples: aluminum, iron, copper, etc.

b) Non-metallic minerals: those that are not composed of metallic chemical elements, such as diamond, limestone, and sand.

The study of minerals is complex. The observation of its characteristics obeys some different criteria, namely:

1) Crystallization: corresponds to the three-dimensional geometric form of the mineral.

2) Color: corresponds to the external color of the mineral, with the wavelengths absorbed by its chemical composition.

3) Transparency: the ability of minerals to absorb or not absorb light, which can be divided into translucent and opaque.

4) Brightness: Amount of light reflected by the mineral.

5) Hardness: is the ability of the mineral to scratch and not be scratched.

6) Trail: the color of the mineral powder.

7) Fracture: is the irregular surface of the mineral resulting from its rupture.

8) Density: is the number of times a mineral is heavier than an equal volume of water.

9) Splitting: level of breakdown of minerals on a flat or regular surface.

10) Electromagnetic properties: the ability of minerals to conduct electric current or not and their ability to relate to magnetism, among other properties of a similar level.

WHAT ARE THE MINERAL SALTS?

Mineral salts are part of the necessary inorganic substances that the human body needs to function properly. As

water, they are usually simpler molecules, but they perform very important functions.

They may be dissolved or not, and found by skeletal structures, in the form of ions needed for metabolism. Living beings cannot produce minerals internally, unlike organic nutrients, which can be synthesized from other substances. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain these inorganic nutrients externally, through ingestion already in the necessary organization.

In the case of the human body, for example, they help in the formation of bones, teeth, in the transmission of electrical commands, in coagulation, and in the equilibrium of the fluid transition between the cells and the rest of the body. When the body lacks mineral salts, it is possible that this deficit leads to death.

Learn more about mineral salts, their importance in the human body, and what are the main salts we use in our bodies:

What are the main functions of mineral salts?

Among the various functions of mineral salts in the human body, we highlight:

• Substances important in the formation and repair of bones in the body, especially those related to calcium;

• regulation of enzymatic performance through presence in the body;

• Central role in the balance of osmosis processes;

• Participate in the formation of some mainly organic molecules;

É it is important to note that the human body is unable to produce its mineral salts. Unlike some organic nutrients, which end up being converted into calories through various processes, the salts cannot simply be replaced. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the diet always includes an adequate amount of substances.

Main mineral salts used by the body

Among the various mineral salts used, some stand out for their central functions in the body:

Football

Calcium is one of the most abundant minerals in the human body. It adapts mainly to bone and dental structures. Besides taking an ative part in bone formation, it is an essential part of the mechanisms for controlling cellular permeability.

Calcium is also important in the muscle, hormonal and blood spheres, releasing hormones and participating in blood clotting.

Iron

Iron is another essential mineral for the functioning of the body. More specifically, it helps in the formation of hemoglobins, necessary for the transport of oxygen and nutrients throughout the body. It is also directly related to oxygen in muscle, storing the substance in cells.

Fluorine

Better known for its orthodontic use, fluoride helps with dental and bone health, as well as participating in the construction of tissues and cells

Phosphorus

Phosphorus has two main functions in the human body. One is the participation of the substance in skeletal formation, along with calcium. The other is its energy importance, being part of the composition of AT P, an energy molecule that all the cells of our body use to carry out their activities.

Iodine

Iodine is essential in the cardiovascular, skeletal, urinary, and respiratory systems. In addition, it is central in the composition of the thyroid, one of the most important in human metabolism. Furthermore, it is essential in the process of growth not only of human beings, but also of numerous organisms.

Magnesium

Magnesium is a mineral salt slightly less common in nature, but it is absolutely important, especially in the process of doubling nucleic acids. In addition, it helps in the transmission of nerve impulses, electron exchanges and the synthesis of certain nutrients in the body.

Potassium

Potassium, like sodium, acts directly on nerve impulses. It is also important for the regulation of metabolism, from problems related to water, to the regulation of blood pressure, and to the production of certain nutrients in the organism.

Sodium

Sodium is a fundamental part of cells' electrical impulses

nervous. It is also involved in the process of regulating water and pressure in the body

PROTEIN

Proteins are the most abundant organic macromolecules in cells, fundamental for the structure and function of cells. They are found in all types of cells and viruses.

They are formed by amino acids bound together and bound together by peptide bonds.

Amino acids

Amino acids are organic molecules that have at least one amino group - NH2 and one carboxyl group - COOH in their structure.

General structure of amino acid

Proteins are amino acid polymers bound together by peptide bonds. A peptide bond is the union of the amino group (-NH2) of one amino acid with the carboxylic group (-COOH) of another amino acid.

They are the basic units of proteins. All proteins are formed by the sequential binding of 20 amino acids. Some special amino acids may be present in some types of proteins.

Protein composition

With an extremely high molecular weight, the proteins are made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen, and practically all of them have sulfur. Elements such as iron, zinc, and copper may also be present.

All proteins consist of a set of 20 amino acids,

arranged in several specific sequences.

Types of proteins

Depending on their function in the body, proteins are classified into two main groups:

• Dynamic proteins: this kind of protein performs functions such as the defense of the organism, the transport of substances, the catalysis of reactions, the control of metabolism;

• Structural proteins: as the name suggests, their main function is the structure of cells and tissues in the human body. Collagen and elastin are examples of this kind of protein.

Protein classification

Proteins can be classified in the following ways:

Composition

• Simple proteins: release only amino acids during hydrolysis;

• Conjugated proteins: By hydrolysis, they release amino acids and a non-peptide radical, called a prosthetic group.

The number of polypeptide chains

• Monomeric proteins: formed only by a polypeptide chain;

• Oligomeric proteins: more complex in structure and function, they are made up of more than one polypeptide chain.

The form

· Fibrous proteins: most fibrous proteins are insoluble in

medium and has very high molecular weights. Generally, they are made up of long molecules of an almost rectilinear format and parallel to the axis of the fiber. This group includes structural proteins, such as collagen in the connective tissue, capillary keratin, muscular myosin, among others;

• Globular proteins have a more complex spatial structure and are spherical. They are generally soluble in an aqueous medium. Examples of globular proteins are active proteins, such as enzymes and transporters, such as hemoglobin.

Learn more, read also:

· protein structure

Polymers

· Biomolecules

Protein function

The main functions of proteins are:

· power supply;

Cell structure;

• catalyst of biological functions, in the form of enzymes;

• Regulation of metabolic processes;

• preservation of substances;

• transport of substances;

• Build and repair tissues and muscles;

• protection of the organism in the form of antibodies;

• Production of hormones and neurotransmitters.

Protein-rich foods

Protein-rich foods are those of animal origin and in lower quantities of plant origin:

• animal feed: meat, various fish, eggs, milk and milk products;

• Herbal foods: beans, lentils, soya, quinoa, wheat, peas.

What are proteins used for? Understand its importance in our food

Protein-rich foods bring many benefits to the body, including improving brain health

You are definitely tired or discovering that proteins are one of the essential nutrients for the proper functioning of the body. Do you know exactly why this is so important? For starters, it is worth remembering that athletes who wish to gain lean mass and increase muscle definition do not bet on a diet rich in this substance by chance: proteins are composed of amino acids that contribute precisely to the growth of tissues. In addition, they also replenish the energy that has been lost, help defend the body, transport substances through the body, and act on the nervous system. Take a look at the article to find out more details!

Protein is an indispensable substance in the athletes' diet

Those who are athlete or practice daily physical activities should be very careful when choosing the type of food to follow, so that the body has the necessary disposition to carry out the exercises and improve the result of the training. Among the most suitable foods are those that are high in proteins precisely because they provide more energy and contribute to the increase of lean mass and the definition of muscles - both protein supplements, such as the one that uses whey protein, are diet allies that desire faster results.

This increase in mass is related to the fact that proteins appear as nutrient builders, which act directly in the formation and growth of tissues.

The substance has a regulating function - and an example is insulin

Another important advantage of proteins is that they help regulate certain functions of metabolism. A good example of this is insulin - which, although many people do not know it, is a protein hormone. Much mentioned in diabetes, it is responsible for controlling the levels of glucose in the blood (sugar) and its deficiency can cause serious problems for those who suffer from the disease.

To increase insulin production and reduce resistance to the substance, the tip is to bet on foods that can be true allies in this function, such as cinnamon, linen seeds and green leafy vegetables.

Can help strengthen nails and hair

Did you know that proteins can also bring benefits to the aesthetic part, strengthening nails and hair? But for really

to take advantage of this advantage, it is necessary to follow a diet rich in substance - since, absorbed through a food, it breaks down into small amino acids that satisfy the main needs of the body before acting on secondary parts.

Protein provides a feeling of fullness and accelerates metabolism

When it comes to increasing the sense of satiety, fiber-rich foods are best remembered, but proteins can also contribute to this function! This is because the substance is digested slowly, which makes the body feel satisfied faster and does not need to alternate between meals. In addition, it additionally has the fact that it helps to speed up the metabolism, which is great for those who want to lose weight in particular.

Greater immunity is also among the benefits

In order for the body to be disease-free, it needs protection against the action of harmful agents. Antibodies: In fact, they are defense proteins that increase immunity and prevent foreign bodies from causing complications in the body that are the ones that perform this function.

É that is why any person who has a cold, flu or any other health problem that affects the immune system should opt for a diet rich in proteins to take advantage of all the benefits of the protective function that is part of this substance.

Protein-rich diet also affects brain health

Our brain needs a specific amount of amino acids.

that is, proteins — to function well, with their cognitive functions properly activated. Therefore, this is another reason for increasing the absorption of this nutrient through the consumption of certain foods, such as meat, cheese, eggs, tofu and beans.

The result is a healthier nervous system, with much more concentration, concentration and better motor coordination.

WHAT ARE CARBOHYDRATES?

Click here and learn about carbohydrates, important substances that serve as a source of energy for all living beings.

With the exception of honey, carbohydrates are found only in vegetables

Carbohydrates can also be called carbohydrates or sugars and are the main source of energy for living beings, and be present in different types of foods. With the exception of honey, all carbohydrates are of vegetable origin, such as cereals (rice, wheat, oats, etc.), roots and tubers (potatoes, manioc, carrots, beets, etc.), legumes (beans, peas, soya), fruits (bananas, mangoes, apples, etc.) among many others.

Besides being a source of energy, carbohydrates also have a structural function, since they participate in the formation of some structures of living beings, such as cellulose and chitin. In addition, carbohydrates participate in the structure of DNA and RNA.

Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for living beings

Carbohydrates can be classified into three groups:

monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.

Monosaccharides are very simple sugars and their main representatives are glucose (produced by plants during photosynthesis), fructose (present in honey) and galactose (present in milk). Monosaccharides are soluble in water.

Disaccharides are formed by the union of two monosaccharides and their best known representatives are sucrose and lactose. Disaccharides are soluble in water.

Sucrose: formed by a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule. Sucrose is the sugar we consume at home, which we use in our coffees, juices, sweets etc. This carbohydrate is found mainly in sugar cane and beet.

Lactose: formed by a glucose and a galactose molecule. It is the sugar present in milk and is the main source of energy for the baby during breastfeeding.

Polysaccharides are formed by the union of hundreds and even thousands of monosaccharides and are not soluble in water. The best known examples of polysaccharides are:

• Starch: the main source of energy in our food. Plants use starch as an energy reserve, which is why we can find it inside the stems, but mostly in the roots, tubers and seeds.

• Cellulose: Cellulose is the main component of plant cell walls.

• Chitin: main constituent of the exoskeleton (external skeleton) of arthropods such as insects, arachnids, crustaceans, etc.

The main function of carbohydrates is to provide energy

As we have seen, carbohydrates are essential for living beings, because as well as serving as a source of energy, they are also part of the constitution of several important structures. That is why we must maintain a balanced diet, because this way we can obtain all the nutrients necessary for the proper functioning of our body.

DISEASES

Information and summary on various diseases, symptoms, prophylaxis, drugs, treatments and forms of contagion.

Diseases and other topics

• Allergies: allergies, their manifestations, antigens, antibodies, immunoglobulins, histamine, lymphocytes, ...

• Diseases caused by fungi - The main diseases caused by fungi in humans, ...

• Amebiasis: information on amebiasis, protozoa, causes, diagnosis, symptoms, ...

• Anemia - What is anemia, symptoms, health problems, ...

• Arthritis: information about arthritis, its causes, types, processes ...

• Osteoarthritis: more information about osteoarthritis, its causes, types, photos, ...

• Ascariasis - Find out what this disease is, forms of contamination,

...

• Autism: information about autism, mental disorder, cause,

treatment, ...

• Kidney stone - What is kidney stone, kidney stone, causes, ...

• Mumps: what is mumps, symptoms, causes, disease, transmission, contagion, ...

• Cholera - What is cholera, disease, forms of contamination, symptoms, ...

• Celiac disease - Learn more about celiac disease, cause, symptoms, treatment, ...

• Diseases caused by bacteria - The main diseases caused by bacteria in humans, ...

• Diseases caused by protozoa - The main diseases caused by protozoa in humans, ...

• Migraine: find out what this disease is, cause, symptoms, treatment, ...

Scurvy - What is scurvy, symptoms, lack of vitamin C, ...

• Leptospirosis: characteristics of leptospirosis, symptoms, treatment, prevention, contamination

• Typhoid fever - typhoid fever, bacteria, symptoms, how to avoid, transmission, prevention, information ...

• Heartworm disease - heartworm disease or elephantiasis, transmission, mosquito transmitter, heartworm disease, characteristics

• Giardiasis: information on giardiasis, protozoa, cause, infection, symptoms, ...

• Gigantism: what is gigantism, the cause, the characteristics, the hormone

growth

• Hansen's disease: Hansen's disease, bacteria, causes, transmission, symptoms, disease prevention

• Jaundice: information on jaundice, causes, types, bile pigments ...

• Hypertension: information about hypertension, causes, triggers, symptoms, ...

• Urinary infection - urinary infection, Escherichia coli bacteria, causes, symptoms, prevention, treatment

• Leishmaniasis: information on leishmaniasis, manifestation, types, symptoms, transmission, ...

• Leukemia - Leukemia, a disease that causes abnormal production of blood cells...

• Alzheimer's disease - Learn more about this disease, symptoms, treatment, information

• Parasitosis - What are the human parasites, the most common, the diseases ...

• Poliomyelitis: more information about poliomyelitis, virus, infantile paralysis, vaccine, ...

• Cold: what is a cold, symptoms, causes, diseases, transmission, contagion, ...

• Rot virus - Rotavirus - Information about diseases caused by rotavirus, rotavirus, ...

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Measles: information about measles, symptoms, stages of ...

• Sarna: information about scabies, skin infections, mites, itching, ...

• Sinusitis - Learn more about this disease, symptoms, treatment, prevention, viral ...

WHAT IS THE CELL?

WHAT IS BIOLOGY?

Understanding what a cell is and that all organisms are made up of this structure was essential for the advancement of biology.

The cell is the smallest living unit of living beings

Cells can be defined as the structural and functional units of all living beings. These structures are alive, carry the genetic information of a given organism, and are capable of transmitting this information at the moment of cell division.

According to cell theory, all living organisms are made up of cells. In single-cell individuals, a single cell constitutes the entire body of the sample; in multicellular beings, multiple cells that act together are required to form the body. Man is an example of a multicellular organism and bacteria are examples of single-celled beings.

When we look at cells from different organisms, we can see that they have very different morphological characteristics. In our body, for example, there are more than 100 different cell types. It is worth pointing out, however, that, although they are visually distinct,

when we analyze in detail their internal organization and their biochemical processes, we can conclude that they are quite similar, even in different organisms.

What are the basic parts of a cell?

A cell is made up of some basic parts. Normally we say that all cells have a plasma membrane, a cytoplasm and a nucleus. However, there are cells that do not have this last structure, an aspect that is also a way of differentiating two types of cells: prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Prokaryotic cells are those that do not have a defined cell nucleus, so genetic material is dispersed into the cytoplasm. Eukaryotic cells are those in which the genetic material is present in a cell nucleus surrounded by a double membrane. In addition to this crucial difference, we can also mention that prokaryotic cells do not have proteins called histones attached to their DNA and neither membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelles.

Do not stop now... Have more after the announcement;)

The plasma membrane and cytoplasm, unlike the nucleus, are present in all cell types. The plasma membrane, characterized by a double layer of phospholipids, is extremely important for the cell, as it controls the passage of substances inside and outside. Because of this property of selecting what enters and leaves the cell, we say that it has selective permeability.

The cytoplasm, in turn, is a region bounded by the plasma membrane. This region is made up of a matrix, called a cytosol, which contains substances like amino acids, energy nutrients and ions.

Immersed in this matrix are the cellular organelles, structures responsible for the control of the various activities of the cell.

What are cellular organelles?

Cell organelles are structures that function as small organs within the cell. Each organelle performs a certain function and is essential for the proper functioning of the cell. There are several cellular organelles, in particular:

• centriole

• Chloroplast

• Golgiense complex

• Lysosome

• Mitochondria

• Peroxisome

• Endoplasmic reticulum

Ribosome

It is therefore observed that, although small, cells possess a variety of complex biochemical structures and processes that are essential for the maintenance of life. Without the development of these small structures, life would not be possible.

WHAT CELLS ARE USED FOR

All living beings are composed of cells. Some, like the amoeba, are made up of a single cell (a single-celled organism), while we have about 60 trillion cells.

So, to talk about the function of cells is to talk about all the phenomena that characterize life.

What do I mean by that?

Well, think now about all the things you need to do to stay alive. Thought? Also think about the things that you are able to do, but that are not fundamental to your survival.

Well, all of these things that you thought about are somehow mediated by the cells that make up our body.

For example: we know we breathe because we need oxygen in the air. After inhaling this gas, it goes towards our lungs and

é transported to the cells from there. What we call cellular respiration occurs in cells (you may have heard of it), which is a process that has important chemical energy for our survival, because it is this energy that gives "strength" to carry out all the activities of our metabolism). We need oxygen precisely because it is part of one of the stages of this energy production process.

As we can see, this process takes place inside our cells. Therefore, we can say that one of the many functions of cells is to produce energy and that this energy is essential for the cell itself to be able to develop its many other functions.

Thus, we can refer to the cell as a structural unit (because it constitutes the body of all living organisms) and also as a functional unit (because it is capable of performing all the functions of an organism, such as breathing, growing, reproducing, etc.).

É It is important to understand the size of this topic, also to know that we are made up of many different cells (not all are the same as the drawings we see in the books) and that each type of cell has different functions. Blood cells, for example, have various functions that epithelial cells, bone cells or any other type of cell do not. In addition, plant cells are able to perform functions that animal cells do not perform.

Author: Gabriela Teixeira

HUMAN BODY

The human body is composed of various parts, including skin, muscles, nerves, organs, bones, etc.

Each part of the human body is made up of countless cells that have defined forms and functions. In addition, there are tissues, organs and systems that function in an integrated manner.

We can compare our bodies to a complex, perfect machine with all its parts that work in sync.

ANATOMY: THE STUDY OF THE HUMAN BODY

The human body is divided into head, trunk and limbs

Human anatomy is the field of biology that studies the structures of the human body, including systems, organs, and tissues. See also how body structures can be influenced by genetics, environment and time.

The human body is divided into three basic parts: head, trunk, and upper and lower limbs.

The anatomical description considers that the body should be upright, standing, face forward, upper limbs stretched and parallel to the trunk, palms forward, lower limbs should be joined. This is called the anatomical position.

Levels of human body organization

The human body is made up of simple structures, such as cells, even the most complex, such as organs.

The level of organization of the human body is as follows: cells, tissues, organs, systems and organisms. Each of these structures consists of a hierarchical level until the formation of the whole organism.

More information about each of the structures that are part of the organization of the human body:

cell

Animal cell and its structures

Cells are structures made up of three basic parts: the plasma membrane, the cytoplasm, and the nucleus.

Each body cell can vary in shape (starry, elongated, cylindrical, etc.), size, and service life. Bone cells, for example, last for several years, while skin cells renew between 35 and 45 days.

Each type of cell develops to play a role in the body. The muscle cell, for example, is capable of contracting. Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. The nerve cell is able to receive and transmit stimuli.

textiles

The human body consists of different types of tissues

Human life begins with a single cell. From there, it divides and gives rise to two new cells, which divide and form two more, and so on.

During the formation of the fetus in the uterus, cells develop, based on their position and function in the body. This process is called cellular differentiation.

In the human body there are many types of cells, with different forms and functions. The cells work in groups, are organized in an integrated way, performing a certain function together.

These cell groups form tissues. Human body tissues can be classified into four types:

• Epithelial tissue

• Connective tissue

• Muscle tissue

• Nervous tissue organs

Main organs of the human body

Tissues, like cells, also group together. The set of tissues that perform a certain function is called an organ. In general, an organization, no, is made up of different types of fabrics.

Various organs form the human body, including heart, lung,

brain, stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas, kidneys, bones, spleen, eyes, etc. Most organs are located in the region of the trunk.

The skin is the largest organ in the human body.

systems

Human body systems

A set of bodies that act in an integrated manner constitutes a system. Human body systems perform specific functions, but act in an integrated manner.

The human body consists of several systems: respiratory, circulatory, digestive, cardiovascular or circulatory muscle, muscle, nervous, endocrine, excretory, lymphatic, reproductive and bone muscle.

Each system has its own specific function. The respiratory system, for example, is responsible for the absorption of oxygen from the body by the air and for the elimination of the carbon dioxide removed from the cells.

Body

Finally, the set of all functional systems constitutes the organism that, together, maintains the survival of the individual.

Therefore, the organism represents the highest level of organization.

• human body parts

• human body members

Bones of human body

Human body muscles

Nerves of the human body

Curiosity about the human body

• The largest bone in the human body is the femur, the thigh bone of the leg. The smallest bone is the supports, located in the inner ear.

• An adult's heart beats approximately 100,000 times a day.

• On average, 2 kg of body weight are represented by bacteria that populate our body.

• The kidneys filter about 1.3 liters of blood per minute.

• A nerve impulse can reach 360 km/h.

• An adult has 206 bones, while the child has 300.

HUMAN BODY

The human body is capable of performing various functions thanks to the complex structures it possesses.

The human body is a complex machine with several structures that work together.

The human body is a complex structure that allows us to perform a number of important activities. We can walk, run, remember past events, eat, remove oxygen from the atmosphere, think, among many other activities, all thanks to the various cells, tissues, organs and systems that make up the human body.

Levels of human body organization

We know that all animals, including humans, are multicellular, that is, they have more than one cell that forms their body. These cells

they have different shapes and functions and form different tissues, organs and systems. When we consider cells as the first level to be studied, we have the following level of organization:

We know each of these better levels:

• Cells: are the functional and structural units of most living beings, with the exception only of viruses. In the human body, as we know, several cells are found, because we are multicellular beings. The cells that make up our body have a membrane-bound nucleus and also membranous organelles and are therefore eukaryotes.

• Tissues: are made up of similar cells and perform the same function. In humans, we observed four basic types of tissue: epithelial, conjunctive, muscular, and nervous.

Organs are groups of tissues that work together to perform a given task. Heart, stomach, lung, kidneys, esophagus, liver and spleen are some examples of organs.

• Systems: are formed by organs that act together to perform a function. As an example of systems, we can cite the cardiovascular, digestive, endocrine, reproductive, urinary and nervous systems.

To better understand these levels, imagine a muscle cell (myocyte), which is connected to others that form the heart muscle tissue. This tissue forms our heart, an organ that is part of the cardiovascular system. In this case, we have:

Myocytes, cardiac striated muscle tissue, heart, cardiovascular system.

Read also: Is leather a fabric or an organ?

Human body cells

The human body is made up of trillions of cells, each with a certain function. Here are some examples of cells and the function they play in our body.

• Adipocytes: cells that store lipids (fats).

• Schwann cells: responsible for forming the myelin sheath of neurons.

• Beta cells: cells of the pancreas responsible for producing insulin, a hormone related to blood glucose levels.

• Sperm: male gametes.

Note that the human body has several types of cells.

• Red blood cells, red blood cells, or red blood cells: blood cells that act to carry oxygen around the body. These are the cells found in the largest amount of blood.

• Hepatocytes: liver cells that synthesize proteins and bile, besides acting in the detoxification of various substances.

• White blood cells: blood cells that are responsible for defending the body. There are several types of white blood cells, such as neutrophil, eosinophil, basophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes.

• Muscle myocytes or muscle fibers: cells that make up muscles.

• Neurons: nerve tissue cells that ensure the transmission of nerve impulses.

· Oocyte: female gamete also known as egg.

Human body tissues

In the human body, we find four basic types of tissues, which have their subtypes. Here's the thing:

Read also: Pulmonary embolism

• Kidneys: organs of the urinary system in which urine is produced.

• Testicle: organs exclusive to men in which male gametes and male sex hormones are produced.

Uterine tubes: part of the female reproductive system where fertilization usually occurs.

• Uterus: part of the female reproductive system where the embryo develops during pregnancy.

Main systems of the human body

The human body has several systems that guarantee, for example, the capture of oxygen, the use of nutrients and locomotion.

• Cardiovascular: composed of the heart and blood vessels, ensures blood circulation throughout the body and, consequently, the transport of oxygen and nutrients to all cells.

• Digestive: formed by the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine and adjoining glands, it is responsible for ensuring the decomposition of food, transforming it into smaller particles that can be used.

• Endocrine: is formed by all the endocrine glands of the organism, responsible for the production of hormones that, in turn, act in the chemical regulation of different activities of the organism.

• Skeleton: composed mainly of bones, it is related to functions such as protection of internal organs, locomotion, support, conservation of calcium and production of blood cells.

• Excretor: also known as urinary system, is composed of kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra and is responsible for the production and elimination of urine.

• Muscular: is made up of muscles and is related to the movement of our body and the contraction of organs.

• Nervous: is responsible for ensuring the perception of internal and external stimuli and for generating responses to these stimuli. Thanks to this system, we are able to memorize, coordinate, speak, listen, see and learn.

• Creator: is the system responsible for our creation. The system

female reproductive guarantees the formation of female gametes and the pregnancy of the baby. The male reproductive system is responsible for the production and transfer of the male gamete to the female.

• Respiratory: formed by the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli, is responsible for ensuring the exchange of gases.

• Tegumentar: formed by the skin, hair, nails and glands and has several functions, as a barrier against water loss and microorganism entry, in addition to body temperature regulation.

THE INTERNAL ORGANISMS OF THE HUMAN BODY

The human body is like the machine. It's a unique design because it's composed of different biological systems, which are regulated by internal organs.

Read for detailed information about the internal organs of the human body. The human body can be divided into head, trunk, hands and legs.

The head and trunk play an important role in the protection of certain crucial internal organs of the human body. They are composed of many tissues, cells, and connective tissues, which help in the regulation of various biological systems.

Some of the major organic systems are the skeletal systems, circulatory system, nervous system, digestive system, immune system, respiratory system, urinary system, reproductive system, lymphatic system and endocrine system, etc., which are overlapping and interdependent.

LIST OF INTERNAL ORGAN ORGANISMS

Humans and other complex multicellular organisms have organic systems that work together, performing processes that keep us alive.

The body has levels of organization and they clump together. Cells form tissues, tissues form organs, and organs form organic systems.

The function of an organic system depends on the integrated activity of its organs. For example, organs of the digestive system cooperate to process food.

The survival of the organism depends on the integrated activity of all organic systems. Often coordinated by the endocrine and nervous systems.

Brain:

The human brain is protected by the skull, keeping it very safe because it is the center of the nervous system. The structure of the human brain can be compared to other mammals, but it is three times larger and more advanced than other mammals.

It harbors our precious memories, plans for the future and keeps us alert in the present. The brain helps the body activate muscles and secretes chemicals that allow it to respond to external stimuli. None of the other animals has the ability to think and weigh things logically.

But the human brain performs some executive functions, like self-control, planning, reasoning and abstract thinking, that make humans the smartest species in the world.

The human body does amazing things every day. Since sending signals that spread through the brain at high speed to distribute oxygen over more than 1,000 kilometers to 1,600 kilometers of airways.

HEART:

The main function of the heart is to supply oxygenated blood to all organs of the body through blood vessels through rhythmic contractions. Also known as heartbeat.

The heart is made up of involuntary heart muscles and that is why the heart continues to beat even when we sleep. The heart weighs 250 to 350 grams and is almost the size of the wrist.

It is located on the left side of the chest and is protected by the rib cage. The pericardium, a double-walled sac that surrounds the heart. It not only protects the heart, but it remains around the structure of the anchors and prevents the heart from overfilling with blood.

LUNGS:

The human body consists of two lungs and performs the functions of the respiratory system. The lungs work closely with the heart.

The lungs provide pure oxygen in the atmosphere to the blood, which is then distributed from the heart to various organs. The lungs also remove carbon dioxide and other impurities from the blood in the veins.

The heart is almost flanked by the lungs, so it also acts as an absorbing and gentle shock to the heart and also maintains the

pH level of the blood.

STOMACH:

He's the lead actor in the digestive system. The stomach is a pear-shaped organ located in the abdominal cavity between the esophagus and the intestine. The stomach may change its shape and size, depending on the position of the body and the amount of food inside. Since it is muscular and elastic in nature.

The stomach is the large organ and its multiple chambers house the bacteria that produce special enzymes needed for digestion.

É full of gastric acid, hydrochloric acid and maintains the pH level, which helps in the digestion of edible foods. It is one of the important internal organs of the human body.

BOWEL:

The intestine is the digestive tract located between the stomach and anus. It can be divided into large and short intestines. The small intestine is narrow and 6-7 meters long, while the large intestine is only 1.5 meters long but has a large diameter.

Most digestion occurs in the small intestine, where most essential nutrients are absorbed. The function of the large intestine in digestion is fundamental, as it absorbs water and is responsible for the excretion of residues.

Intestinal muscles perform rhythmic contractions called peristaltisms to move undigested food. It then absorbs it as food throughout the intestinal tract.

LIVER:

It is located on the right side of the abdominal cavity. Some of the important functions of the liver include filtering harmful substances from the blood. Maintain the level of cholesterol and glucose in the blood, secretion of some amino acids. Preserves vitamins and minerals, secreting chemicals that break down fats and converting glucose into glycogen, etc.

In addition to these, there are several internal organs of the human body, such as kidneys, bladder, pancreas, thymus, eyes, pituitary gland. Hypothalamus, spleen, appendix, adrenal glands, etc., including the different reproductive organs of men and women.

The study of the internal organs of the body, which is part of human anatomy, is essential for any health discipline. Dysfunction of internal organs can be fatal and therefore it is important to understand their functions.

This will help you understand the human body well to keep it fit and healthy.

CULTURE, A COMPLEMENTARY SPORT

One of the advantages of weight training is that it can be practiced as a complement to many other sports.

In reality, it is a discipline perfectly associated with different sectors, allowing you to improve your performance as far as you are concerned. These are in particular combat and endurance sports, which combine well with the practice of training with weights. The latter has a non-negligible activity and guarantees a

useful complement.

Bodybuilding and combat sports

For a long time, we believed that weight training and combat sports were incompatible. Some people imagined that working with payloads caused them to lose speed and dexterity, essential qualities for combat sport. However, many athletes today think weight training improves their strengths and strengthens their muscles for their respective practices.

Combining bodybuilding and combat sports therefore allows:

• acquire power (strength and speed)

• ensuring better stability, which is essential for this type of sport

• prevent injuries by strengthening muscles and joints

• relax your muscles during rest periods

• increase muscle mass whose aesthetic appearance is not insignificant...

If you want to combine combat sports and bodybuilding, don't forget your goal, which is to make bodybuilding compatible with improving sporting qualities and maintain permanent contact with your favorite sport. You can switch between strength and strength training, as well as regularly practicing endurance training circuits (for example, start the session with a run of about ten minutes).

Do not carry heavy weights and vary the training program. That

In this way, with 2 or 3 sessions per week, you will eliminate physical and psychological saturation, develop different skills and diversify your practice.

Sports bodybuilding and endurance:

Weight training is also an excellent ally for endurance sports professionals. It brings strength and solidity, with the condition of achieving a fair balance between the two disciplines. Indeed, it is necessary to avoid mixing and practicing them separately. Likewise, bodybuilders should practice regular cardio sessions, since only bodybuilding is harmful to endurance. Contrary to the ideas made, cardio training is not harmful to muscle mass.

In general, weight training improves the performance of endurance athletes, be they cyclists or runners. It does not cause leaking mass entry, but it does improve anaerobic capacity, stride effectiveness, and performance. In cycling, weight training brings strength to the legs, more sprint performance and increases maximum effort time. It's also a great way to combat nerve fatigue.

Benefits of Bodybuilding - Meet the Top 10

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3. Bodybuilding Benefits - Learn the Top 10 Bodybuilding Benefits - #1

Muscle tonification: the practice of bodybuilding tonifies the muscles and

helps to lose calories. Weight training further improves this muscle endurance.

Bodybuilding benefits - #2

Help prevent osteoporosis: People who practice weight training are less likely to develop a disease called osteoporosis because it helps strengthen the bones of the human body.

Bodybuilding benefits - #3

Greater strength: Weight training strengthens the person, helping in resistance to daily work and in the possible moments that require the use of force.

Bodybuilding benefits - #4

It strengthens the spinal region: it helps prevent spinal problems, as well as strengthening the lumbar region, reducing local pain.

Bodybuilding benefits - #5

It reduces the chances of diabetes: physical exercise is a great ally for preventing diseases like diabetes. Weight training is one of the beneficial practices that can help prevent the onset of the disease and, for those who already have diabetes, can help in the treatment and balance of blood sugar.

Bodybuilding benefits - #6

Improve your immune system: In addition to practicing other exercises, weight training also helps in the functioning of the immune system.

Bodybuilding benefits - #7

Benefits of the digestive system: People who suffer from constipation may notice an improvement in bowel function in the first days of weight training because it helps the digestive system function properly.

Bodybuilding benefits - #8

Increase your balance: Regularly practiced weight training helps improve the professional's balance and motor coordination.

Bodybuilding benefits - #9

Help during pregnancy: Pregnant women who do bodybuilding have better recovery or postpartum, lower incidence of cramps during pregnancy, lower chance of developing varicose veins and even reduce weight gain.

Bodybuilding Benefits - #10

Improve mood: Weight training improves mood, self-esteem, and social interactions.

Now that you know the main benefits, it's time to get your hands dirty!

Let's do this training and take care of your health

And to enjoy the trip, how about knowing which are the best sources of protein to gain muscle mass?

ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES: HEALTH FOR THE BODY AND MIND

Taking care of your body and mind is essential for quality of life. One of the concerns of people is weight loss, and how this is followed to achieve this goal can harm health. The quest for a healthy weight loss is becoming more and more, and one of the alternative practices, or alternative medicine, that deals primarily with the mind, when it is a great ally during the weight loss process.

What are the alternative therapies for weight loss

Alternative therapies work with the mind, reducing stress and fatigue. This type of therapy uses alternative techniques, which aim to reduce anxiety, without any kind of short-term or long-term symptoms, in which other means of weight loss cause symptoms, such as the use of weight loss drugs. Anxiety is one of the causes of weight gain and, as alternative therapies work to reduce it, facilitates during the weight loss process.

Types of alternative therapies

The practice of alternative therapies gained a large following. Currently, there is a very wide range of alternative therapies used to relieve stress. Here are some alternative therapies:

Acupuncture and acupuncture: Acupuncture is an alternative therapy that uses needles at points on the body. To relieve tension, this technique is widely used in Chinese therapy. For the weight loss process, the needles are placed in places related to digestion. Acupressure uses the same techniques as acupuncture, but is performed with the help of hands, where pressure is used at specific points.

Hypnotherapy: hypnosis is used, in which the psychologist tries to discover the problem and begins to work on this fact to correct it. In the case of weight loss, it is used to detect blockage barriers that hinder the weight loss process, but must be combined with the self-knowledge process.

Aromatherapy: This therapy uses essential plant oils, in which they activate the areas of the brain responsible for emotions, mainly reducing anxiety. These oils can be used in massages, during bathing or even by inhalation, so that the effects of the essential oils are effective, they must be pure.

Yoga: yoga is one of the most well-known and also widely used alternative techniques. This technique involves meditation, in which it guarantees physical conditioning and is associated with mental well-being. Therapy provides readjustment of posture, quality of breathing, as well as improving the quality of sleep and concentration, reducing stress.

Do alternative therapies really lose weight?

Practicing alternative therapies alone does not promote weight loss. However, when combined with regular exercise and a balanced diet, weight loss becomes healthier.

minerals

Minerals are inorganic chemical compounds that, if grouped together, give rise to different types of rocks.

Posted by: Rodolfo F. Alves Pena in Physical Geography

Set of different minerals for economic use

Minerals are naturally formed inorganic chemical compounds

which have a well-defined molecular structure. They may form on Earth or appear on the planet through meteorites and other non-terrestrial space bodies.

Currently, there are more than 4,000 minerals cataloged, and as geological studies advance, more and more minerals are discovered, some of which are of extraterrestrial origin. In January 2014, for example, a team of researchers discovered a new mineral found in a meteorite that had been collected in Antarctica in the 1960s. The mineral's name is Wassonite and it was produced on Earth only in laboratory research.

Depending on their composition, minerals can be classified into metallic and non-metallic:

a) Metallic minerals: as the name suggests, they are those composed of chemical elements metal. They are usually good conductors of electricity. Examples: aluminum, iron, copper, etc.

b) Non-metallic minerals: those that are not composed of metallic chemical elements, such as diamond, limestone, and sand.

The study of minerals is complex. The observation of its characteristics obeys some different criteria, namely:

1) Crystallization: corresponds to the three-dimensional geometric shape of the

mineral.

2) Color: corresponds to the external color of the mineral, with the wavelengths absorbed by its chemical composition.

3) Transparency: the ability of minerals to absorb or not absorb light, which can be divided into translucent and opaque.

4) Brightness: Amount of light reflected by the mineral.

5) Hardness: is the ability of the mineral to scratch and not be scratched.

6) Trail: the color of the mineral powder.

7) Fracture: is the irregular surface of the mineral resulting from its rupture.

8) Density: is the number of times a mineral is heavier than an equal volume of water.

9) Cleavage: level of degradation of minerals on the surface, flat or regular.

10) Electromagnetic properties: the ability of minerals to conduct electric current or not and their ability to relate to magnetism, among other properties of a similar level.

KINGDOM OF PLANTS

The plant kingdom, or kingdom of Plantae, is characterized by autotrophic organisms (they produce their food) and chlorophylls.

Through sunlight, they carry out the process of photosynthesis and, for this reason, are called photosynthetic beings.

Remember that photosynthesis is the process by which plants

absorb solar energy to produce their own energy. This occurs through the action of chlorophyll (a pigment associated with the green color of plants) existing in their chloroplasts.

Plants form the basis of the food chain. They produce organic matter and feed heterotrophs, that is, they represent the group responsible for the nutrition of various consuming organisms.

This indicates that without the existence of these autotrophies, life on Earth would be impossible.

General characteristics of the plant kingdom

• Eukaryotes (organized nucleus)

• Autotrophic (produces your food)

• Photosynthesis (photosynthesis production)

• Multicellular (multicellular)

• Cells composed of vacuoles, chloroplasts and cellulose Learn more:

• chlorophyll

• Vegetable hormones

• Autotrophic and heterotrophic beings

Plant structure

Main structure of an angiosperm plant

As for its structure, the plants are basically formed by the root (fixing and feeding), stem (support and transport of nutrients),

leaves (photosynthesis), flowers (reproduction) and fruits (protection of seeds).

Classification of the plant kingdom

The plant kingdom is composed of vascular plants (pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms) that have lymph conducting vessels and vascular plants (bryophytes), devoid of these vessels.

bryophytes

Bryophytes are small plants that do not receive direct sunlight because they live in humid locations, for example, mosses.

Reproduction of this group occurs through the process of metagenesis, that is, it has a sexual phase, producing gametes and another asexual, producing spores.

In addition, they lack lymphatic vessels, which differentiates them from other groups of plants. Therefore, nutrient transport occurs through a slow process of cellular diffusion

Pteridophytes

Deer Horn

Pteridophytes have more varieties than bryophytes. These are plants that, in the majority of cases, are terrestrial and inhabit places with a lot of humidity. Some examples of this group: ferns, scallops and xaxin.

They have conducting vessels of lymph, root, stem and leaves, and, like bryophytes, the reproduction of these vegetables occurs through a sexual phase and another asexual phase.

When the stem of the pteridophyte is underground, it is called a rhizome.

Epiphytes, on the other hand, are plants that rest on other plants, however, without damaging them, such as ferns and deer horns.

gymnosperms

Araucaria

The gymnosperm group consists of a wide variety of trees and shrubs of different sizes.

They are vascular plants (presence of lymphatic conducting vessels), which have roots, stems, leaves and seeds. Some examples of gymnosperms: sequoias, pines, araucarias, among others.

Reproduction of gymnosperms is sexual. Fertilization occurs in the female organs through pollen, produced by male organs and transported with the help of nature through wind, rain, insects and birds.

What differentiates them from the group of angiosperms are mainly their seeds, since they have the so-called bare seeds, that is, not involved by the ovary.

angiosperms

Angiosperms are vascular plants, that is, they have conducting vessels. They live in different environments and represent a very varied group, made up of small and large vegetables.

Characteristic angiosperms, zano is the largest group in the plant kingdom, with about 200,000 species.

They are distinct from gymnosperms because their seeds are stored within the fruit. Their reproduction is sexual and fertilization

it occurs with the presence of male pollen.

curiosity

The plant kingdom is made up of about 400,000 known species, and is therefore one of the largest groups of living beings.

As self-sufficient (autotrophic) organisms, plants were the first living beings on planet Earth.

Carnivorous plants

Carnivorous or insectivorous plants are a curious case of the Plant Kingdom, as they possess a peculiar characteristic that attracted the attention of many scientists.

They also carry out photosynthesis, however, since they inhabit soils poor in nutrients, they seek nutritional complementation through the digestion of some small animals. To do so, they generally capture small insects or, in some cases, rarer ones, toads, mice, small mammals and birds.

Parasitic plants

Other plants are known as parasitic plants because they need sap to feed. They look in other photosynthetic organisms for the energy needed to survive, because they do not produce enough.

There are about 300 species with these characteristics, some of which are: grass, ghost plants, mistletoe, golden grapevines, among others

MINERAL KINGDOM

The mineral kingdom, unlike the animal and plant kingdoms, consists of all that has no life, for example, water, soil, gas, minerals, rocks. The origin of minerals is characterized by cooling of the magma, precipitation of salts, or rearrangement of ions (metamorphism).

Characteristics of the mineral kingdom

• inorganic beings

• lack of life

• geometric order

• Durability, transparency, color, brightness (rocks and minerals)

• Solid and crystalline (rocks and minerals)

Deprived of intelligence and extinct

minerals

Minerals are solid, natural and inorganic substances that have an internal arrangement (crystallization) characterized by certain physical and chemical properties that over the years have been formed by the intervention of nature between temperature, heat, pressure, etc. In other words, minerals are chemical compounds formed by crystalline solids, divided into: metallic and non-metallic minerals.

1. Metallic minerals: these minerals have in their composition elements with physicochemical characteristics of metals, such as iron, copper, aluminum, among others.

2. Non-metallic minerals: this group consists of minerals that do not contain metallic properties in their composition, such as sand, diamonds, limestone, among others.

Organic fossil materials

Called fossil energy resources, these minerals are composed of elements of organic origin, such as oil, natural gas, mineral oils, coal, resins, asphalt and bitumen.

Examples of minerals

Graphite

• crystal

• diamond

• gold

• Silver

• copper

• quartz

• feldspar

• No

Tourmaline

stones

Natural and multigranular aggregate rocks composed of two or more minerals and, depending on their formation, the types of rock are:

1. Sedimentary rocks: formed by the sedimentation of particles and organic matter, e.g. sandstone.

2. Magmatic rocks (igneous): formed from magma, by

granite example.

3. Metamorphic rocks: undergo alterations in their structure, for example marble.

Examples of rock

Granite

• Sandstone

• Marble

• basalt

• Milonite

• Riolith

• Cokines

• Migmatites

curiosity

• The science of minerals is called mineralogy.

• The study of crystals is called crystallography.

• Most minerals are composed of two or more elements; however, there are minerals composed of one chemical element, such as gold (Au) and diamond (C).

• The term "mineral" is used to indicate that a rock or mineral is of economic importance, for example, bauxite, hematite, tourmaline, and quartz.

• Water is considered a mineraloid, with characteristics similar to those of minerals.

• Mercury is the only liquid mineral

THE CLASSIFICATION OF MINERALS GEOGRAPHY

Minerals are classified as metallic minerals and non-metallic minerals.

Minerals are natural resources found underground and of great value for industrial production, as they serve as raw material for the production of consumer goods, such as household utensils, electric cables, jewelry, building materials and also as a source of energy.

Cities are composed of buildings constructed, to design them it is necessary to extract a series of minerals from nature and by-products, such as bricks (clay), cement (limestone), hydraulic material (oil), sand and many others.

In the industrial sector, from the machines used in production to the constructed product, they are extracted from mineral resources that are not equal in terms of physical-chemical composition and, therefore, are classified into two groups: metallic and non-metallic minerals, including fossil energy resources.

• Metallic minerals: contains in their composition physical and chemical elements of the metal, which allow for a reasonable conduction of heat and electricity. Examples: iron, aluminum and copper.

• Non-metallic minerals: minerals that do not contain properties

in its composition. Examples: diamond, limestone and sand, among others.

• Fossil energy resources: minerals that contain elements of organic origin in their composition. Examples: oil, natural gas and coal.

BIOLOGY

Plants belong to the kingdom of Plantae and are very important for the maintenance of life on Earth, as all living beings depend on them to survive.

The kingdoms of Plantae are multicellular, with eukaryotic cells. They are self-sufficient, i.e. they produce their own food through photosynthesis, therefore they are called autotrophs. All plant cells have cells and, in their cell walls, vacuoles and chloroplasts inside.

The plants were the first colonizers of the planet Earth. Thanks

à their self-sufficiency in food, they managed to conquer the environment. It is through plants that life on the planet is maintained.

The plants are classified according to the presence or absence of flowers. Plants that have no flowers and whose reproductive structure is barely visible are called cryptograms; and plants that have flowers and whose reproductive structure is very visible, we call phanerogams.

Plants, in terms of the presence or absence of conducting vessels, are classified into vascular and vascular plants.

Mental map: Reino Plantae

* To download the mental map in PDF, click here!

Vascular plants are devoid of lymph conducting vessels.

The phyla possessing vascular plants are:

Vascular plants, also called tracheophytes, have lymph conducting vessels. Vascular plants include those that have seeds and those that have no seeds.

The phyla with vascular plants and seedless are:

Plant phyla that possess seed vascular plants are gymnosperms and angiosperms.

1. Gymnosperms: vegetables that do not have flowers, cryptograms, or fruits.

2. Angiosperms: vegetables with flowers and fruits.

· Phylum Magnoliophyta or Anthophyta (trees, herbs, etc.).

Find out what minerals really are for...

Among the nutrients necessary for health, as well as proteins, fats, carbohydrates and vitamins, there is a group of elements called minerals.

Minerals, such as vitamins, cannot be synthesized by the body and therefore must be obtained through food. They do not provide calories, but are found in the body that performs various functions.

Minerals have essential roles, as structural components of body tissues, for example calcium and phosphorus, that form bones and teeth; as organic regulators that control nerve impulses, muscle activity, and acid-base balance of the body.

In addition, many minerals are involved in the body's growth and development process. As components of food, minerals participate in flavor, activate or inhibit enzymes and other reactions that influence food consistency.

Theoretically, all foods should contain minerals, but industrialization and other modern methods of food production can eliminate them.

Minerals are also important in sports, because during exercise the loss of water from sweat is always accompanied by the loss of electrolytes, salts, in particular sodium, chloride, potassium, magnesium and calcium. Therefore, lack of these may lead to muscle cramps.

CHOOSE BETTER LIVING AND HEALTH

You don't have to be radical and give up the things you like to do and eat to be healthy. We just need to adapt the routine, incorporating important habits such as regular physical activity and eating with balance and discretion. After all, who can do more for your health than you?

LEARN ABOUT ENZYMES AND THEIR PLANT ADVANTAGES

Enzymes are organic substances with the function of catalyzing other chemical reactions and perfecting the production of other compounds essential for our health. Those of vegetable origin are extracted directly from fruits, vegetables, legumes and roots and can be found in ready liquid extracts with the following ingredients: watermelon, chuchu, melon, papaya, pineapple, avocado, carrot, spinach, pear, cabbage, tomato, apple, banana, cucumber, guava,

ginger, bean sprout, celery, cress and sucrose.

The enzymatic extraction process is carried out by natural fermentation of all ingredients without the addition of any chemical component during the process, so it is completely natural. With all these ingredients, the liquid extract becomes rich in vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates and proteins, without adding chemical components.

Some of the enzymes extracted are:

• Papain - for the treatment of ulcers, improves healing, anti-inflammatory and improves varicose veins.

• Bromelain: anti-inflammatory, increased immunity, accelerates healing, improves digestion, improves circulation and cardiovascular system.

• Coenzyme Q10 and betaine: improvement of muscle strength, improvement of the cardiovascular system, reduction of the effects of stress and reduction of the risk of chronic diseases.

Enzymes also help fight the following diseases:

Asthma.

Rheumatism.

Bronchitis.

• Skin diseases, such as imperfections and pimples.

• Loss of hair.

• Diseases of liver and kidneys.

• Nervous system imbalance.

• High pressure.

There is only a contraindication to the use of enzymes for diabetics and for people who are allergic to any compound of the ingredients.

We recommend taking two tablespoons. mixed with water, juice and other drinks. Three times a day: morning on an empty stomach and half an hour before meals (lunch and dinner).

You can find the liquid concentrate of vegetable enzymes in 500 ml or 250 ml in the natural products stores Green Grass in Londrina and in our online store with delivery throughout Brazil.

6 Natural remedies against autoimmune diseases

When our own body attacks us, it is necessary to look for alternatives so as not to lose the quality of life. Let's talk about autoimmune diseases.

• Coconut vinegar: main uses and benefits

• Amazing Benefits of Incense Essential Oil

• Benefits of Mint Oil for Body Health

Below, we offer six natural remedies for autoimmune diseases that will help you improve your quality of life and increase your well-being.

Autoimmune disorders occur due to an error in the immune system. They attack the body's cells. When this problem arises, there is usually an exaggerated response against the substances and tissues themselves. In other words, the body defends itself.

Common Symptoms

• fatigue

• temperature

• Redness

• Swelling

• Chronic inflammation

• muscle and joint pain

• Excessive heat, without apparent reason

Six natural remedies for autoimmune diseases

Although autoimmune diseases are very diverse, there are some remedies that will be very useful to improve patients' quality of life. Among the most common and effective are those we will discuss below.

1. Take tea

Green tea and black tea contain beneficial compounds such as flavonoids, catechins, and flavonoids. These are excellent for combating and reducing the effects of autoimmune diseases.

As teas can bring a new flavor to the palate, it is advisable to incorporate them gradually. Otherwise, you may find the taste unpleasant and stop taking it in a short time.

A good option to create the habit of drinking tea is to accompany it with fruits, such as citrus fruits or berries.

2. Eat more apples

Another natural remedy for autoimmune diseases are apples. These fruits are rich in quercetin. This element reduces allergic reactions and reduces inflammation, two common characteristics in autoimmune diseases. Quercetine is also found in:

• wild fruit

• Gillnets

• Red grapes

• purple onion

É It is important to know that the highest percentage of quercetin is found in the skin of these foods. Therefore, you should avoid eating the peeled apple.

3. Include various carrot recipes in the diet

Carrots contain carotenoids, the plant pigments that include beta-carotene. Consuming these foods corrects the deficiency and greatly reduces inflammation. Other sources that contain carotenoids are:

• Sweet potato

• Damascus

Spinach

• pumpkin

• Cabbage

If the patient suffers from inflammation, try to include one of these foods in their daily diet. In a short time, the inflammation will diminish.

4. Add a little ginger

Ginger is a very beneficial root for the body and is another natural remedy for autoimmune diseases.

It helps reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandins, suppressing production of pro-inflammatory and chemokinetic cytokines. All this means that it reduces the impact of autoimmune diseases.

This food is particularly suitable for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. You can include it in your diet or drink a cup of ginger tea a day.

5. Other omega 3

Omega-3 is an essential fatty acid that balances the formation of chemical compounds that cause inflammation. This substance may be obtained from the following foods:

• Chickpeas

• Salmon

Sardines

• Anchovies

• Peanuts

Flax seed

· Soybeans

6. Include more fiber in the diet

With a healthy and active colon, it is possible to promote intestinal transit, which undoubtedly relieves the burden on the immune system.

For this to happen, you need to increase your fiber intake in your daily diet. The best type of fiber is found naturally in:

• Fruit

• whole grains

• Vegetables of green leaves

Fiber is one of the best natural remedies for autoimmune diseases.

Helps regulate the body by providing various nutrients.

Try to avoid consuming processed foods, even if the label indicates that they are high in fiber. The problem with these products is that they are also rich in sugars and preservatives, two elements that aggravate the problems.

Other measures to improve quality of life 1. Reduce Stress

É need to look for ways to successfully relieve daily stress. In this way, we are able to combat problems caused by autoimmune diseases. The most effective methods are:

Yoga

Meditation

· relaxing massages

· Other relaxation techniques

It would be good for the patient to practice several of these techniques during the week. Gradually, you'll find out which ones are the most and which offer the most immediate benefits. The secret is to keep trying until you find the right one for your particular case.

2. Get enough sleep

Enough rest is essential to combat the symptoms of autoimmune disorders. Remember that insomnia or poor sleep can worsen other symptoms and in some cases worsen them.

Ideally, sleep between 6 and 8 hours at night. If you have difficulty achieving this goal, try preparing or training more during the day.

3. Maintain a healthy diet

A correct diet maintains good health and provides energy. In addition, it is able to improve the symptoms caused by autoimmune diseases. Food is essential to the body and the better the quality of food, the greater the benefits.

Autoimmune diseases (DAI) are becoming more common, affecting most women in the world population than men. In today's article, it will be possible to understand them better, as well as to know their main causes, symptoms and forms of treatment, but before that it is necessary to understand once and for all what exactly is an autoimmune disease.

First of all, it is important to know that there is a group made up of over 100 diseases considered to be autoimmune and that we call DAI. More briefly, we first need to know that the immune system

é responsible for the production of antibodies that protect our body from possible harmful external agents, as in the case of bacteria, for example. When one of these agents invades our body, the immune system automatically recognizes the invasion and produces antibodies that will destroy them, thus protecting our body. However, when an immunological disease is at stake, this defense system can no longer distinguish what is or is not part of the body itself and ends up producing antibodies to destroy organs and systems of itself, as a form of protection, but this does not happen completely.

In other words, the disease in question is an existing problem in an individual's immune system, which, instead of exercising its primary function of protecting his body, does exactly the opposite: it attacks him. That is why we say that DAI usually attacks two or more organs or systems of a person or simply focuses on a single target. Next, we will talk more about other aspects of autoimmune diseases. Learn more about causes, types, symptoms, autoimmune disorders, how to diagnose and treatments below:

1. What are the causes of autoimmune diseases?

A specific cause leading to autoimmune diseases has not yet been discovered. However, some internal (body) and external (environmental) factors can trigger them, such as:

• Genetic inheritance/predisposition to the development of an autoimmune disease;

• Exposure to bacteria, viruses and/or toxins that the immune system has not successfully combated;

Hormonal changes;

• Often weakened immune system;

• fatigue;

• medicines that destabilize the immune system;

• Excessive hygiene, which weakens the immune system, causing infections.

2. Types of autoimmune diseases

In general, autoimmune disorders can affect organs and tissues, such as thyroid, kidney, stomach, intestine, pancreas, joints, skin, platelets, etc. There are more than 100 types of autoimmune disorders, the best known are:

• type 1 diabetes (affects the pancreas);

• Lupus (affects the skin, kidneys, brain, joints); Psoriasis (affects the skin);

Vitiligo (affects the skin);

Rheumatoid arthritis (affects the joints);

• pernicious anemia (affects the stomach);

Hemolytic anemia (affects blood);

• Hashimoto thyroiditis (affects the thyroid);

• Graves disease (affects the thyroid);

• multiple sclerosis (affects the brain and spinal cord);

• Crohn’s disease (affects the digestive tract);

· celiac disease (affects the intestines).

3. What are the symptoms?

When it comes to autoimmune diseases, there is no way to be precise about the symptoms that really reflect its existence in an individual's body. The same disease may present different symptoms in two people, so this inaccuracy makes it difficult to diagnose the problem, taking on average about five years for someone diagnosed with AIDS. Below, we will list some of the most common symptoms that can arise in cases of this type, but remember, pay attention to their frequency and duration and of course always seek a professional to clarify your case safely. Symptoms are:

· headache (headache);

Anxiety crisis;

• Some kind of mental confusion;

• Difficulty in maintaining attention (deficit);

• development of acne;

• red patches on the skin that come out or not;

• emergence of psoriasis;

Eczema;

• problems with dermatitis and allergies in general;

• symptoms of dry mouth;

• Frequently occurring colds;

· increase or decrease weight;

Asthma;

· diarrhea and gas;

Stomach area cramps problems;

• Appearance of stiffness and pain similar to symptoms of fibromyalgia; Constipation

• Swollen stomach feeling.

There are still many other factors that can be considered symptoms of AIDS, however, as has been observed, most of the above symptoms are common to various diseases, which hinders the diagnostic process. The important thing is to always seek medical attention if the symptoms persist, because the body can give some warnings about this or another possible disease. Stay tuned!

4. How an autoimmune disease is diagnosed

Because many symptoms are mistaken for other disorders, diagnosis of autoimmune disorders can be difficult. Doctors usually suspect an autoimmune disorder because it affects several organs.

In addition, a single test fails to detect the presence of an autoimmune disease, which requires more complex investigation. Doctors assess the condition based on patient complaints and medical history, do a physical examination, and require some additional tests that will depend on the cause of the disease, such as blood tests and complete antibodies (antinuclear factor).

5. Treatments

And when it is diagnosed, is the autoimmune disease treated? Of course you do. Even if there is no cure, you can treat it and take care that your immune system does not harm it, as happens in these cases. And just as there are many of these diseases, there isn't a standard treatment model that works for everyone. What usually happens is treatment that uses immunosuppressive drugs, such as corticosteroids, capable of inhibiting an individual's immune system.

The great negative fatora of this type of treatment is precisely the fact that these medicines do not only reach the antibodies that cause damage to the organism, like all the others that should be beneficial, and this makes the patients be treated with autoimmune diseases. But being treated is important and crucial for the individual to survive in the face of such a disease.

Therefore, if you have more than one of the symptoms exposed here, seek a professional to clarify your case and, if there is a diagnosis of autoimmune disease, do the treatment correctly and do not worry if you will be able to live normally. Well, you just can't stop taking care of yourself, okay? You can't play with health and it's definitely the greatest treasure you can have in life.

6. Home remedies for autoimmune diseases

Saffron: Saffron contains a substance called curcumin that suppresses enzymes that increase inflammation in autoimmune diseases such as arthritis, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Boil a glass of

milk, add a teaspoon of saffron powder and take 3 times a day with meals.

• Ginger: anti-inflammatory properties in ginger can also help manage autoimmune diseases. It helps to reduce inflammation, which is a common problem in autoimmune diseases. Boil a glass of water, add a teaspoon of chopped ginger. Drink tea 2 or 3 times a day.

• Coconut oil: a study has shown that virgin coconut oil possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Take 2 tablespoons of coconut oil to combat inflammation.

• Aloe Verda or Aloe Vera - Aloe vera contains lupeol and salicylic acid that have analgesic properties, in addition to certain chemical compounds such as fatty acids, which have an anti-inflammatory effect on arthritis.

Beat 2 tablespoons of aloe vera with lemon juice and drink 1 glass a day.

• Pineapple: Pineapple contains a class of enzymes called bromelain that has anti-inflammatory properties. To be more effective, mix the pineapple juice with 3 teaspoons of saffron.

• Fish oil: Fish oil contains essential fatty acids with anti-inflammatory properties that relieve joint pain, stiffness and even reduce drug dependence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Take one 500 mg capsule a day.

• Cayenne pepper: When you consume pepper, the property called capsaicin inhibits the activity of a chemical in the body responsible for transmitting pain signals to the brain. Therefore, cayenne pepper has been effective in treating arthritis

spinal spondylitis. It also improves general blood circulation, which lubricates the back and joints. Mix a spoonful of cayenne pepper with honey and take 2 or 3 times a day.

• Apple vinegar - apple vinegar is beneficial for autoimmune diseases. It contains vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), which helps to reduce swelling and inflammation. Calc, io, manganese, potassium and phosphorus make joint pain even easier. Mix a spoon of apple cider vinegar in a glass of hot water. Then add honey and ginger and drink twice a day.

• Cinnamon: a study published that cinnamon is an effective anti-inflammatory remedy in the treatment of chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Mix a teaspoon of cinnamon powder and honey in a glass of hot water. Drink every day.

• Oregano oil: the anti-inflammatory properties of oregano oil are also important for the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and spondylitis. Add 3 or 4 drops of oregano oil to a glass of water or juice and drink 3 times a day.

WHAT IS ATOM?

The atom is a structure (composed of proton, neutron, electron, nucleus, levels, sublevels, and orbitals) that forms matter.

Atom is the name given to the formation of matter (everything that takes up space and has mass). This name was proposed by the Greek philosophers Democritus and Leucippus. Chemical elements, molecules, substances and organic or inorganic materials are formed by atoms.

In its constitution, the atom has particles (protons, neutrons and electrons), not being the smallest part of matter. However, it is not possible to display it. What is known about the atom is related to scientifically proven physical, chemical and mathematical experiments.

The evolution of knowledge of the atom has led to the development and improvement of different technologies.

Basic composition of an atom

• Nucleus: the densest region of the atom and contains protons and neutrons;

• Energy levels: regions that surround the nucleus and that contain sublevels, orbitals, and electrons. There are seven energy levels, represented by the letters K, L, M, N, O, P and Q;

• Secondary energy levels are regions that host orbitals. They are present at all levels and are represented by letters (s, p, d f). Its quantity depends on each level: K (has sublevels s), L (has sublevels sep), M (has sublevels s, ped), N (has sublevels s, p, def), O (has sublevels s, p, def), P (has sublevels s, ped), and Q (has sublevels sep);

• Atomic orbitals: regions that probably encounter an electron.

Each sublevel has a different number of orbitals: s (one orbital), p (three orbitals), d (five orbitals) and ef (seven orbitals);

• Protons: positive particles (represented by p);

• electrons: negative particles that also show the behavior of waves (represented by e);

• Neutrons: uncharged particles that decrease repulsion between

protons in the nucleus (represented by n).

Mental Map: Atom

Representation of an atom

The easiest way to represent an atom is to use the acronym of the chemical element that it forms. The acronym Se, for example, represents all the atoms that make up the chemical element selenium.

The acronym that represents the atom can still provide two important pieces of information: the atomic number (represented by the letter Z and always in the lower left part of the acronym of the atom) and the number of the mass (represented by the letter A, which can be positioned to the left or to the right above the acronym of the atom).

Acronym for an atom with mass number and atomic number

• Atomic number (Z): indicates the number of protons present in the nucleus of the atom and the number of electrons (e) present in the energy levels.

• Mass number (A): indicates the mass present in the nucleus of the atom, resulting from the sum of the number of protons (p) and the number of neutrons

(n).

Do not stop now... Have more after the announcement;)

Formula indicating the representativeness of the mass number

Atomic similarities

Atoms of the same chemical element or of different chemical elements are compared in terms of number of protons, electrons, neutrons and mass, being classified as follows:

(a) Isotopes

Atoms that have:

Same atomic number;

• same number of protons;

• different mass number;

• different number of neutrons;

• Atom A has 15 protons, an atomic number of 15, 15 electrons.

15 neutrons and a mass number of 30.

• Atom B has 15 protons, an atomic number of 15, 15 electrons.

20 neutrons and a mass number of 35.

(b) Isobar

Atoms that have:

• different atomic numbers;

• different number of protons;

• different number of electrons;

• same mass numbers;

• different number of neutrons.

Example:

The C and D atoms are isobaric

The C and D atoms are isobaric because:

• Atom C has 32 protons, an atomic number of 32, 32 electrons.

23 neutrons and a mass number of 55.

• The D atom has 37 protons, an atomic number of 37, 37 electrons, 18 neutrons and a mass number of 55.

Atoms that have:

• different atomic numbers;

• different number of protons;

• different number of electrons;

• different mass numbers;

• same number of neutrons.

• The E atom has 20 protons, an atomic number of 20, 20 electrons.

20 neutrons and a mass number of 40.

• The atom F has 30 protons, an atomic number of 30, 30 electrons.

20 neutrons and a mass number of 50.

d) Isoelectronics Atoms that have:

· same number of electrons.

NOTE: isoelectronic atoms can still have the same mass number (isobars), the same number of neutrons (isotons), or the same number of protons (isotopes).

Example:

The atoms of G and H are isoelectronic

The atoms of G and H are isoelectronic because:

• The G atom has 16 protons, an atomic number equal to 16, 18 electrons

(the -2 sign indicates that it has two electrons more than the number of protons), 17 neutrons and a mass number equal to 33.

• The H atom has 21 protons, an atomic number of 21, 18 electrons (the +3 sign indicates that it has three electrons less than the number of protons), 27 neutrons and a mass number of 48.

CHEMICAL ELEMENTS

Chemical elements are groups of atoms that have the same number of protons inside their nuclei.

A chemical element is defined as a set of atoms that have the same number of protons within their nucleus, that is, atoms with the same atomic number (a characteristic represented by the letter Z). Chemical elements can also be called simple substances.

A very important fact in relation to the definition given to a chemical element is that, in no case, it can undergo decomposition, that is, it cannot give rise to simple new substances, it only participates in the formation of new compound substances.

An example is sodium chloride, which, being a compound substance, can be decomposed into the simple substance sodium (Na) and the simple substance chlorine (Cl2) by igneous electrolysis. This fact cannot happen with the Neon gas (Ne), for example, which is a chemical element and consequently a simple substance.

É It is important to note that an isolated atom also represents a chemical element. In the water formula (H2O), for example, we have two atoms representing the element hydrogen and one atom representing the element oxygen.

Chemical elements are represented by an acronym, in which the initial letter is capitalized and may be accompanied by one or two lower-case letters. In this acronym, we have to put the atomic number in the lower left corner, as shown below:

(PHP 3, PHP 4)

The acronym for the element name can refer to different aspects, such as the name of the element in Latin, the name of the element in another language, the name of the discoverer, the homage to a scientist, the place of discovery, etc. Here are some examples:

Do not stop now... Have more after the announcement;)

• Beryllium - abbreviation Be, which derives from Greek beryllium;

• Boron - abbreviation B, which derives from the Arabic (buraq) and Persian (burah) names;

• Cobalt - acronym Co, which derives from cobalt or German cobalt (evil spirit or demon from mines). He was given this name because of his toxicity;

• Sodium - the abbreviation Na, which is derived from Latin Natrium;

• Strontium stands for Sr, after a Scottish village called Strotian;

• Lithi - Acronym Li, which derives from the Greek Lithos (stone);

• Magnesium - acronym Mg, called in Greek magnesia in reference to the region of Thessaly;

• Roentgen - acronym Rg, a tribute to the scientist Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen, who discovered X-rays;

• Californium - acronym CF, which takes its name from the University of California, where it was synthesized.

There are many chemical elements known today. They are arranged in ascending order of atomic number in the famous periodic table, proposed by Moseley in 1913. Regardless of whether they are natural or synthetic, many of the chemical elements are very important, as they are part of the composition of thousands of others.

chemical rooms that involve the life and daily life of human beings.

We created a space to allow access to texts that talk about characteristics, functions, origins, uses and ways of obtaining various chemical elements. Be sure to check the texts below!

Good studies!

Articles "Chemical elements"

· Beryllium

This article provides information on how the chemical element beryllium occurs in nature, its applications, and how highly toxic it is.

· Boron

Click here to learn about boron characteristics and use.

· carbon

Learn more about carbon and its allotropic forms, where it is found and its applications in everyday life.

· Chlorine

Click and find out the physical and chemical characteristics, uses, and properties of chlorine and find out how it is produced.

Cobalt

Check here the importance of cobalt for our body and in what other situations this element is used.

· Item 111: Roentgenium

Click here to learn about the main features of Roentgenium, a relatively new element.

Element calcium

Know the percentage of this element on Earth and the Moon.

· magnesium element

Where it can be found and what are its main functions.

· sodium element

Learn about the main characteristics and uses of sodium!

· artificial elements

Artificial elements are atoms of chemical elements not found on the surface of the Earth that have been synthesized, i.e. created in the laboratory.

· natural and synthetic elements

Check out the main characteristics of the natural and synthetic elements here!

· sulfur

Click and know everything (atomic characteristics, ways of obtaining, properties) in the chemical element sulfur.

Strontium

Metal used in cathode ray tubes of color televisions.

Insoluble iron: properties of this element

The solubility of metals in water.

· argon gas

Gas used in the preservation of oxidizable materials.

· Krypton gas

Check out the features and applications of krypton gas here!

· neon gas

Click here and find out how neon gas is obtained, see also where it is commonly used!

Hydrogen

Click and learn about the history, characteristics, ways of obtaining and the main uses of the chemical element Hydrogen.

Iodine

Check here the importance of iodine for the body and what are the food sources of this mineral!

Lithium

Learn about the properties and uses of the lightest metal that exists.

· metallic mercury

Be aware of the dangers offered by this heavy metal.

· nickel

The toxic effects of this metal on our body.

· nitrogen

Click and find out all about the Nitrogen element as well as the ways in which it can be found in nature.

· oxygen

Visit this link to learn about the main characteristics of the most abundant element on Earth's surface, oxygen. To know the properties and peculiarities of their atoms, the importance of their allotropic forms, as well as the applications of this element in general.

Platinum

Click and see atomic and physical characteristics, history, achievements

and uses of the chemical element Platinum!

· Potassium

In nature, potassium is a metal, in our body it is a mineral. Click and understand!

· Radon

radon, noble gas family, decay of uranium-238, position of radon in periodic table, presence of radon in nature, physical characteristics of radon, applications of radon.

· Rubidium

Click here to learn about the characteristics and uses of rubidium!

• titanium

• Learn more about the characteristics, properties and use of titanium. Click here!

• Ununocium

Find out how this element was synthesized in the laboratory. · Xenon

Click here for key features, usages, and xenon trivia.

· zirconium

Discover the chemical element zirconium, its discovery, its properties and main applications in industry and everyday life.

Chemical elements and their functions

Hydrogen:

H (hydrogen)

Daily applications: Illustration:

• missile fuel;

• hydrogenation of fats;

Balloon filling;

· oil desulphurization.

metals:

REPS:

Daily applications: Illustration:

· table salt;

Organic synthesis;

• street lighting;

• cooling to the atomic reactor;

• accumulator;

• sodium hydroxide;

• glass.

Be (beryllium)

Daily applications: Illustration:

• window for X-ray tubes;

• material to slow down

neutrons without atomic reactors;

• spring (for watches);

• spark-free tools.

• windows, doors, windows, pots; Illustration:

• sheet, tube, cable;

• lighting, fireworks;

• concrete;

• tooth filling.

• glass lenses;

• chemical fertilizers;

• phosphorus, gunpowder;

• oxygen mask;

Diet salt.

Ca (calcium)

Daily applications: Illustration:

• plaster, cement, cement;

• metal preparation;

• sheath for the accumulator cable;

• chemical fertilizers;

• loading paper and ink material.

• seed germination;

• Leak detector;

• space activities.

Daily applications: Illustration:

·Tools;

• construction material;

• jet engine;

• catalyst for sulfuric acid production.

Daily applications: Illustration:

• headlamp reflector;

• retransmission by telephone;

• tip of the fountain pen;

• exhaust gas catalytic converter;

• spark plug of the aircraft engine.

Cu (Copper)

Daily applications: ...

PHYSIOLOGY

More information about physiology, the study of the functions of living beings

What Physiology is

Physiology is a biological science that studies the functions (physical, organic, biochemical) of living beings. The word is of Greek origin, where physis means nature and logos means study or knowledge.

Physiology brings together important principles of physics, chemistry and mathematics, giving meaning to the interactions of the basic elements of a living being with the environment.

There are three main areas of fusology:

- Animal physiology (includes human physiology)

- Plant physiology

- Bacterial physiology

Vital functions

Vital functions refer to the necessary functions performed by every living being to maintain life. Even single-cell living beings can perform vital functions, since the only existing cell can perform them independently.

There are three main vital functions: nutrition, reproduction and relationship with the environment.

Great vital functions

Nutrition

Nutrition brings together all the activities that living beings do to obtain the matter and energy essential for life. Nutrition consists of several factors:

- Food: the survival of living beings is only possible with the ingestion of food that provides the proteins and nutrients necessary for their development. There are two types of nutrition: heterotrophy and autotrophic. The first is used by humans and animals and is based on the production of matter from organic matter. In other words, food is digested and reduced to simple molecules. The digestive system is fundamental, with digestion, which is a chemical and mechanical process in which molecules of nutrients, such as lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids, are broken down.

The second type of nutrition is used by plants and consists of the creation of organic matter from inorganic matter, through photosynthesis.

- Circulation: circulation is essential for the material to reach all

body parts. Circulation occurs through blood tissue and blood circulates through vessels, arteries, veins, and capillaries. Human circulation is double, closed and complete.

- Excretion: Excretion is the elimination of metabolic residues resulting from chemical reactions in body cells. These residues, such as ammonia, urea and uric acid, cannot remain in the bloodstream because they are toxic. In the case of humans and animals, the waste is disposed of via the excretory system in the urine and feces.

- Breathing: Breathing is included in nutrition because it is the metabolic process that allows us to process and maintain the energy we get through food. It is represented by the processes of inspiration (oxygen entering the body) and expiration (expulsion of carbon dioxide). The respiratory system is formed by the airways through the lungs.

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Reproduction is the vital function that guarantees the survival of the species, transmitting genes to future generations. There are two types of reproduction: sexual and asexual. Sexual reproduction is what requires two individuals of the opposite sex and is carried out by the union of the sexual cells (eggs and spermatozoa), or gametes, of each individual, which is called fertilization. Asexual reproduction is that of single-celled beings, in which only one individual intervenes.

Relationship with the environment

It allows living beings to perceive changes in the environment, internal and external, and to develop responses to these stimuli. In this way, the relationship of living beings with each other and with the environment becomes possible

environment and ensuring survival.

PHYSIOLOGY

Human vital functions

Discover the functions vital to the functioning of the human machine:

Digestion

Chemical and mechanical process, in which nutrient molecules decompose. These nutrients are lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. The method of feeding is as follows: mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine (fasting), large intestine and rectum, from which the feces come.

The liver emulsifies fats, facilitating the action of lipases. The hormones involved in digestion are: gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin, and enterogastrona. All secreted by the epithelial cells of the digestive tract.

Intestinal folds or villi are formed by blood and lymphatic vessels, connective tissue, and epithelial tissue with microvilli, which increases the absorption surface.

Tips: Remember that gastric (stomach) enzymes do not break down carbohydrates, but only proteins, due to the action of pepsin, which is activated by the HCl of gastric juice.

Trypsin and chymotrypsin are initially in the form of trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen, which are activated by enterokinase in the duodenum when pancreatic juice is released.

Monosaccharides are obtained from disaccharides in the intestine

slender by the action of enteric enzymes: the maltase is sealed and removed.

All food is used as a source of energy or building living matter. Anything in excess will be stored as lipids in adipocytes (adipose or fat cells). When nutrients are lacking, fats begin to mobilize as a source of energy and the person loses weight.

Digestive tract problems:

Peptic ulcer - caused by drugs or the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, the lining of the stomach or duodenum cannot be defended and gastric acidity attacks this coating and injuries and sores appear, causing pain and heartburn; constipation occurs when peristaltic movements of the intestine are very slow and the residues remain in the intestine for a long time, where they harden due to the large reabsorption of water; diarrhea occurs when the small intestine becomes irritated and peristaltic movements are very rapid.

Liver functions: storage of glucose in the form of glycogen, storage of certain vitamins, transformation of glycides into lipids and proteins, production of bile, among others ...

Excretion:

Elimination of metabolic residues resulting from chemical reactions in body cells. This excretion of nitrogen cannot remain in the bloodstream because it is toxic. They may be ammonia, urea, and uric acid.

• Ammonotelic animals: they expel ammonia because it is a very water-soluble substance;

• Uricothelial animals: expel poorly soluble uric acid that does not require a significant amount of water;

• Urothelial animals: they expel urea, which requires little water and is well adapted to human excretion, because we need to save as much water as possible.

Our excretion is carried out by nephrons, which are the filtering unit of the kidneys. There are about a million nephrons in each kidney. Our kidney is of the metanephro type, as it removes all metabolites directly from the blood. 99% of the water is reabsorbed and the urine is formed in the collecting duct, stored in the bladder and released by the urethra.

Tip: Two hormones act on human excretion: aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). ADH is released from the pituitary gland and facilitates water reabsorption in the nephrons. Alcohol inhibits ADH, producing more dilute and abundant urine. Aldosterone, from the adrenal glands, increases the reabsorption of ions in the nephron tubules and therefore acts on the osmotic control of the blood.

Urinary tract problems:

Uremia - high speed of urea in blood;

Glomerulonephritis - inflammation of the glomeruli.

Stones in the kidneys - accumulation of mineral salt crystals in the kidneys and the possibility increases due to low water intake.

Breathing

Represented by the processes of inspiration and expiration. The respiratory system is formed by the airways and lungs. Induced air, rich in oxygen, fills the lungs at the alveoli level (bags in which

gas is exchanged with blood (hematosis). The lungs are protected by the thoracic cage, formed by the sternum and ribs. They are made of the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles.

When we breathe in, the box expands and the diaphragm descends, entering the air. When we exhale, the box returns to normal and the diaphragm rises again, expelling the air, full of carbon dioxide. The blood must nourish the tissues and therefore absorb the nutrients and respiratory gases. When it reaches the cells of the different tissues, an exchange occurs between them and arterial blood, which releases oxygen and receives carbon dioxide, which is charged mainly in the form of bicarbonate ions, but is also dissolved in the plasma and connected to the hemoglobin.

Carbon dioxide is the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of water with carbon dioxide in the blood. Hemoglobin is the pigment of red blood cells that gives them their characteristic color and, by means of their iron ions, they carry oxygen inspired by all the cells of the body. This oxygen will come to be used for cellular respiration, with an energy balance of 38 ATP.

Tip: CO (carbon monoxide), an odorless gas, creates a highly stable bond with hemoglobin, preventing the transport of oxygen. If the individual is exposed to CO for a prolonged period of time, they may die of asphyxiation.

At higher elevations, the air is thinner and oxygen availability

é smaller. People who live at sea level, when they reach those altitudes, feel the impact of oxygen deficiency. To overcome this deficiency, the body begins to produce more red blood cells in the bone marrow, through the action of the hormone erythropoietin and therefore

there will be a greater number of hemoglobin molecules to capture more oxygen.

Breathing problems:

Flu and cold - caused by viruses, which attack the respiratory tract, sinuses of the face and ear;

Tuberculosis and pneumonia - caused by bacteria. The trachea and bronchi can become inflamed, which can cause acute bronchitis, which can reach the lungs - bronchopneumonia. Chronic bronchitis occurs due to the constant irritation of the airways due to the action of smoking, allergies and air pollution. Emphysema is a progressive destruction of the alveoli, mainly caused by smoke. Asthma is an inflammatory reaction in the bronchi, with edema, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle contraction, which causes shortness of breath.

Movement:

Circulation occurs through blood tissue. Blood circulates through the vessels, arteries, veins, and capillaries. Human circulation is double, closed and complete. Blood passes through the heart twice in a complete circuit that lasts about 1 minute. The heart consists of four cavities: two atria and two ventricles.

The right atrium receives venous blood from the body through the vena cava. The right ventricle pumps this blood to the lungs, where hematosis occurs, through the pulmonary artery. Arterial blood enters the left atrium and is pumped into the body through systole of the left ventricle and exits the heart through the arteries of the aorta and carotid artery.

The cavities are separated by valves and there are also valves between the ventricles and the vessels through which blood flows. The myocardium is the heart muscle (striated heart muscle - involuntary movements). It possesses a certain independence in relation to the nervous system, since it allows heartbeats through beams of cells that transmit an electrical impulse that allows the movements of systole and diastole of the atria and of the two ventricles. It is the sinoatrial node; the atrioventricular node; the sibilant beam; and the purkinje fibers.

Arterial blood absorbs nutrients, respiratory gases and hormones into tissues and collects excrement and carbon dioxide. The exchange takes place at the level of the capillaries, very fine vessels, and what leaks and does not return, due to the difference in pressure in the arterial and venous part of the capillary, is collected by the lymphatic circulation, which also transports the lymphocytes, the defense cells of the body. What is collected is then returned to the blood through the subclavian veins.

Tip: the vein is every vessel that enters the heart and artery, every vessel that leaves the heart, regardless of the type of blood that I carry (arterial or venous).

Circulatory tract problems:

• Atherosclerosis: hardening of blood vessels due to the deposition of fatty plaques (atheroma);

• Ischemia: difficulty in transporting oxygen and oxygenating cells in general;

• Thrombosis - blockage of a vessel, preventing the passage of blood;

Stroke - rupture of an artery in the brain due to a sudden increase in blood pressure;

• Heart attack: death of the myocardium due to obstruction of the arteries that feed the heart, the coronary arteries. Symptoms are angina pectoris (pain in the left chest that radiates to the arm), neck pain, sweating, and breathing difficulties.

Causes of heart and circulatory problems: sedentary lifestyle (lack of exercise), obesity, foods high in animal fats and trans fats, smoking, stress, depression and use of anabolic steroids.

GENES

What are genes, heredity, human genome, genetics, DNA and RNA, chromosomes.

What's this?

The gene is the fundamental unit of heredity. Each gene consists of a specific sequence of nucleic acids (the most important biomolecules in cell control), as they contain genetic information. There are two types of nucleic acid: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).

Roles, location, and other information

Genes control not only the structure and metabolic functions of cells, but also the whole organism. When found in reproductive cells, they pass their information on to the next generation.

The gene is made up of a DNA sequence that forms

nucleotides (compounds rich in energy and which assist metabolic processes, mainly biosynthesis in most cells).

The nucleotides are composed of a nitrogen base, a pentose (sugar with five carbon atoms) and a phosphate group. Nitrogen bases can be classified into: pyrimidine and purine.

The gene is usually found interspersed with protein-unencoded DNA sequences. These strands are called "useless DNA." When this type of DNA occurs within a gene, the codified part is classified as uncodified part.

Useless DNA makes up 97% of the human genome and, in spite of the name, the genes must function properly.

Each species has a defined number of chromosomes. Changes in the number or disposition of genes can cause genetic mutations.

When germ cell mutations occur (egg or sperm), changes can be passed on to future generations. Mutations that affect somatic cells can cause some types of cancer.

The genetic composition of an organism (genotype) plus the influence received from the environment will be responsible for the phenotype, i.e. the observable characteristics of the individual.

The sum total of the genes is called genome. Research carried out with the objetive of identifying the location and the function of each gene is known as the human genome.

WHAT IS CHEMISTRY?

Chemistry studies transformations involving matter and energy.

Chemistry is a branch of the natural sciences that studies matter, its properties, its constitution, its transformations, and the energy involved in these processes.

Matter is the main object of chemistry and can be defined as anything that takes up space and has mass, that is, the whole material world around us and even ourselves.

Regardless of the form, origin (present in our planet or universe) or alive or dead, there is no material beyond the reach of chemistry.

Chemistry has an enormous impact on technology and on our society, because its studies play a fundamental role in the development of all branches of science. After all, it is through the study of matter that we can understand the properties and possible transformations by which each substance can undergo and then use this knowledge to our advantage.

É It is very easy to see the different contributions made by Chemistry throughout human history. Among these, we can highlight:

• development of processed foods;

• the extension of the shelf-life of the products;

• Increase the effectiveness and action of cosmetics;

• Development of medicines to combat the most varied diseases;

• development of alternative sources of fuel;

• production of substances in the laboratory;

• Development of techniques and solutions for environmental problems. Chemistry is a science with three basic levels:

1. Macroscopic: transformations that can be observed, i.e. that deal with properties involving large and visible objects;

2. Microscopic: is the interpretation of macroscopic phenomena through transformations that we cannot directly see, such as the rearrangement of atoms;

3. Symbolic: Chemical symbols, such as molecular, structural, and electronic formulas, as well as mathematical equations and formulas, are used to represent the transformations and phenomena studied.

In this space, you can clarify all your doubts about the most varied topics and questions involving Chemistry, or all the knowledge related to the main areas of Chemistry required in the university entrance exams still in force and in Enem, namely:

General Chemistry:

- It is

- Physical states of matter

- Story Properties

- Substances and mixtures

- For Tom

Inorganic Chemistry:

- Acids

- Grounds

- Oxides

- Sign In

- Chemical reactions related to the substances highlighted above chemical physique:

- Solutions

- Collective properties

- Chemical kinetics

- Thermochemistry

- Electrochemistry

- Chemical balance

- Radioactivity

- Characteristics of carbon

- Oxygenated organic functions

- Organic functions of nitrogen

- Isomeries

- Organic reactions

- Polymers

- Biochemistry Environmental chemistry

- Air pollution

- Water pollution

- Soil pollution

- Acid rain

Destruction of the ozone layer

- Garbage disposal

- Recycling of waste

Now, feel free to click on each of the proposed texts below and further expand your knowledge of chemical science.

BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY

Biochemistry is the part of biology that deals with the chemical processes that occur in living organisms.

The discovery of the structure of DNA has been fundamental for the advance of biochemistry

Biochemistry is the part of biology responsible for the study of the structure, organization, and molecular transformations that occur in the cell. These transformations constitute what we call metabolism, which is none other than extremely coordinated reactions,

fundamental for guaranteeing the survival, growth and reproduction of living organisms.

Metabolism is generally classified into anabolism or catabolism. In the first case, chemical reactions are focused on the synthesis of complex molecular structures from simple molecules. In the case of catabolism, complex molecules are divided into simpler structures. It is worth mentioning that the two processes occur in all living cells.

Biochemical processes of living beings

At a biochemical level, despite the great diversity of life forms, many structures and processes are shared by very different living beings, which facilitates the understanding of life as a whole. All species, for example, are composed of basic elements, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and complex molecules, which perform chemical processes to produce the energy necessary for survival.

In general, we can say that all organisms carry out four basic biochemical processes for the maintenance of life:

Synthesis of biomolecules, such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids;

transport of substances through membranes;

energy production;

Elimination of metabolites and toxic substances.

Biochemical discoveries

Among the main biochemical results that deserve to be highlighted, we can mention the understanding of the structure of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the understanding of the importance of the gene in the synthesis

protein, the determination of protein structure and the understanding of metabolic pathways.

The understanding of these processes was, without a doubt, fundamental for the development of different areas, such as biotechnology, medicine and agriculture. In the field of medicine, for example, we can highlight the importance of this science in the advance of genetics and in understanding metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and even degenerative problems. In the agricultural sector, the development of transgenic varieties has guaranteed greater success in the crops.

We observe, therefore, that biochemistry is nothing more than the study of the chemistry involved in all living beings, being therefore fundamental for the understanding of the processes that allow the maintenance of life and the development of techniques that guarantee a better quality of the product. It is worth pointing out that, in spite of the great development of the area, there is still much to be studied and constant investments are indispensable in this field of study.

Check out the texts displayed below to learn more about the chemistry of life! Good studies!!!

ALCHEMY

Alchemy is an ancient practice, the ancient chemistry practiced in the medieval era. It combines in its broad cognitive spectrum notions of chemistry, physics, astrology, art, metallurgy, medicine, mysticism, and religion. The most widespread belief is that alchemists try to find in the Philosopher's Stone, a mythical substance, the power to

transform everything into gold and, even more, to provide those who find it with eternal life and the healing of all evils.

According to the researchers, however, alchemy goes further. Its goals have a symbolic value, which means that its practitioners are actually seeking something greater: spiritual transmutation.

Therefore, the famous Elixir of long life would be no more than a resource of the human organism, capable of granting to those who carry out the long process of spiritual purification a life extended to infinity. It is also said that this substance is an important point in the philosophy of Yoga.

The alchemists tried to intensify the search for this elixir through laboratory experiments that used the four elements essential to alchemical work: fire, water, earth and air. In the extreme observation of nature and its components, alchemists have achieved very important knowledge, some of which have recently been absorbed by quantum physics, as proof that all things are interconnected in the cosmos. This holistic view contributed a lot to the treatments carried out by the Swiss physician Philippus Paracelsus, who set off from this point of view in his mission as a curator. He believed that substances such as salt, mercury and sulfur permeate all living beings, even the human organism.

Nowadays, this same belief is saved by anthroposophy, a spiritualist current that also compares the concepts of alchemy with the ative forces of the soul - thinking corresponds to salt; the sensation of mercury and the desire for sulfur. Some of his thinkers see the gold pursued by the alchemists as a representation of the "I", the human essence.

alchemy is not currently considered a science, since scientific knowledge is conceived today, but a spiritual vision more interested in ancient traditions than in the discovery of novelties is

considered an ancestor of modern chemistry and medicine. Besides the chemical experiments with the alchemists, there was a constant concern in carrying out a series of rituals.

Alchemy also addressed some points of Kabbalah and Magic, in addition to cultivating an airtight philosophy. From Kabbalistic theory, alchemy inherited the search for harmony of opposites. The Philosopher's Stone could therefore be the pursuit of perfection, which could not be achieved without the balance between the polarities that man possesses. Therefore, the manipulation of metals would be a symbol of the spiritual metamorphosis that crosses all living beings. But there are many interpretations of alchemical texts and, so far, there has been no consensus on the real meaning of the symbols of alchemy. Filed Under: Philosophy, Chemistry

The secret of alchemy

For celsus he simplifies the mysterious, magical and supernatural concept of alchemy and clarifies: "The baker is also an alchemist, who converts flour into bread, who produces wine and weaves the thread with his fortress".

Alchemy is the mother of chemistry, allopathy, homeopathy, but it differs totally from the current sense of pharmacy and laboratory.

Alchemy is physical, psychic, and spiritual. It gives a deifying meaning and humanizes everything.

As alchemy is the greatest treatise in hermetic philosophy, it is based on immutable principles, which are the states of matter: the volatile, which surpasses the gaseous, solid, liquid and pasty state.

É the "tree" that best represents: the life of the tree begins in a volatile state, where the pollen of its flowers is carried through the air. IS

solid in the consistency of its trunk. It becomes pasty in sap, in resin, in milk, in latex. Become liquid in coconut water and fruit juice. It is animal in part in its composition. It's a mineral that's made of stone when it becomes amber, when it's made of incense. He is a magician, human and divine, for his alchemical function.

The phrase symbolizing alchemy: "solvi-te corpora et coagulate spiritum" (dissolves the body and clots the spirit).

No other science makes it possible to obtain this kind of transmutation, metamorphosis.

The secret lies in the same process that differentiates the computer's brain.

The computer only knows what is programmed.

As for the brain, what we program with knowledge ferments and resonates throughout the body, mind and soul. Because it is a universal treatise, it can extract the essence of a star, a plant, a mineral or a man.

The spirit is solar, the body is terrestrial and the soul is the alchemical fusion of body and spirit.

Also: mercury, sulfur and salt, they give us an equivalence with trinity or "finesse".

Mercury is the creator.

Sulfur is conservative.

Salt is the transmutation of pain.

To transform lead into gold, i.e. negative into positive:

Metaphysics is the basis of philosophy and also the branch responsible for studying the existence of being.

Through metaphysics, one seeks an interpretation of the world, of nature, of the constitution, and of the basic structures of reality.

What's that?

The word metaphysics derives from Greek and the prefix "meta" means "beyond". The first philosopher to treat the topic systematically was Aristotle.

In fact, he himself called this idea "first philosophy" because he understood that it would be the foundation of philosophical reflection. Therefore, the term metaphysics was not coined by him, but by one of his disciples who organized his work.

Besides the "first philosophy", Aristotle studied the "science of being while it is". So he was interested in questioning what makes the story different and at the same time private.

Aristotle

Unlike Plato, Aristotle thought that the principles of reality were not in the intelligible world, but in our sensitive world. Reality is subject to time and space.

Aristotle stated that four causes condition the existence of beings:

1. Material cause: the body is composed of matter such as blood, skin, muscle, bone, etc.

2. Form: if, on the one hand, we have matter, we also have a form.

One head, two arms, two legs, etc. So this shape transforms us into unique beings that differ from each other.

3. Efficient: Why do we exist? The first answer is because someone created us. This would be an answer from the "efficient cause" field: we exist because we were created.

4. We exist for something. This answer transcends the previous one because we are facing a goal, a goal. All beings were created for a purpose. The field of philosophy he studies is called "theologian already".

Kant

É It is common to know that Kant (1724-1804) would have killed metaphysics. However, what Kant meant is that the human being is unable to answer some metaphysical questions, such as the existence of God and the soul, for example.

Kant will try to assess the motive. If I can't find rational evidence, I don't have to deal with these questions or at least they don't belong in the field of reason.

So Kant's gonna change the questions. Instead of asking what is true, he will ask himself how the truth exists.

Kant expounded his thoughts on the work The Foundation of Metaphysics of Customs, written in 1785.

The history of metaphysics is divided into three periods:

1. First period: begins with Plato and Aristotle (between the 4th and 3rd centuries BC) and ends with David Hume (18th century). At this stage, metaphysics has been understood as a reflection of being in its sense

more general. One of the great scholars of this era will be Thomas Aquinas, who will recover Aristotelian philosophy and apply it to his theological studies.

2. Second period: it begins with Immanuel Kant, during the 18th century, and ends in the 20th century with Edmund Husserl and his studies of phenomenology. Kant will continue Hume's studies, emphasizing the primacy of reason over the transcendental questions raised by metaphysics.

3. Third period: the period from the second decade of the 20th century to the present. Corresponds to contemporary metaphysical studies. The most negative criticisms of metaphysics arise with the recovery of materialism and the creation of positivism. On the other hand, at the end of the 20th century, we have a renaissance of metaphysics through esoteric currents.

4. Ontology

The area of philosophy that deals with the nature of being, which is the reality and existence of things, and metaphysical issues in general, is called ontology.

In the philosophical sense, it has several definitions and some authors consider the study of contemporary metaphysics.

The word derives from the union of the Greek words dots (being) and logos (word).

ethics

Ethics is a set of moral systems that influence the way people make decisions. Can be defined as a philosophy

moral.

The term ethos derives from the Greek word ethos, meaning habits, customs, or character.

Ethics is addressed in different segments of society, such as religion, politics, philosophy, and culture.

Although metaphysical studies are a being, ethics deals with cause and effect. For Aristotle, ethics is based on metaphysics.

Epistemology

Epistemology is the study of the origin and acquisition of knowledge, so there is a specific area to verify the validity of knowledge of metaphysics.

Today, modern epistemology is based on two fundamental points:

empiricism and rationalism.

Positivism

Positivism is the main current in opposition to metaphysics. Positivist thought holds that the goal of science is logic. Emotions and thoughts are not considered.

Man is composed of body and soul, although in some cases the term "spirit" is added. Both soul and spirit are contrasted with body to express the incorporeal part of man. There is, however, a distinction between soul and spirit. The word "soul" is used to express the immortal moral part of the human being, and is sometimes used for "person", as in the verse of Genesis 46:26, which says, "All souls who came with Jacob to Egypt" "Eight souls are saved" (1 Pet 3:20). "The sinful soul shall die" (Hezek. 18:4).

The Hebrew word usually translated as "soul" is nefesh. In many passages it translates "life", as in Jonah 1:14: "...we do not perish for the life of this man". In the New Testament, the same Greek word is used for soul and life: "For whoever wants to save his life (or soul) will lose it, and whoever loses his life (or soul) because of me will find it. Why does a man win the whole world if he loses his soul (or life)? Or what will man give in exchange for his soul (or life)? "

É in the soul, distinct from the spirit, that appetites and desires are found. The rich man said, "And I will tell my soul, Alma, that you have many goods kept for many years: rest, eat, drink, and pause" (Luke 12:19). That night, his soul was sought. The salvation of the soul cannot be separated from the salvation of the person.

The spirit is clearly the highest part of man. It marks consciousness, individuality and distinguishes man from the inferior creatures of creation. God breathed into man's nostrils the breath of life, and so man was put into a relationship with God, and he cannot be truly happy apart from him and his present, eternal existence. The same words used in the original Hebrew and Greek for "spirit" are also used constantly for S pirito di Dio or the Holy Spirit, and they are also used for angels, in the sense of spirits and for evil spirits.

The Word of God is sharp and capable of dividing the soul and spirit of a man, although it cannot be easy for the human mind to perceive this division. The apostle prayed for the Thessalonians so that the spirit (which is probably shown as the place where God works) and the soul and body could be sanctified (1 Thessalonians 5:23). In the epistle to the Jews, we read about the "spirits" of the perfect righteous; their place is

with God through redemption. Apparently, the word there means the person separated from his body.

The Christian, having received the Holy Spirit as a source of life in Christ, is urged to pray with the spirit, to sing with the spirit, to walk in the Spirit, so that in some cases it becomes difficult to distinguish between the Spirit of God and the Spirit.

What is homogeneous:

Homogeneous is an adjective assigned to everything that has the same or a similar structure or function, compared to something else.

Generally, the term is used in situations where it is not possible to clearly determine the composition or formation of a specific thing or space, for example.

Examples:

Agricultural land is much more homogeneous.

This article on the country's economy contains very homogeneous information.

This term can also be used to refer to something in order to express consistency or to demonstrate a correspondence between two things.

Examples:

This is a characteristic of a homogeneous government.

The journalist presented a very homogenous text.

Homogeneous in chemistry

For the area of chemistry, the homogeneous term is connected to the system that

é composed of a mixture of substances that contains only one phase (single phase) when two or more elements are mixed.

When we say that a mixture is homogeneous, we mean that its composition is uniform, that is, that the components mix easily and it is not possible to perceive the substances separately.

Difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous

In chemistry, the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous lies precisely in the fact that pure substances mix. Therefore, what defines whether a mixture is classified as heterogeneous or homogeneous is the way the substances used are mixed and whether the result will have one or more phases.

Mixtures may be formed from two or more pure substances and shall be classified as homogeneous or heterogeneous.

In this sense, the homogeneous mixture is that which visibly presents a single phase. The heterogeneous mixture, on the other hand, has two or more phases, being biphasic or triphasic, for example.

Salt water is an example of a single-phase homogeneous mixture, i.e. it has only one phase. This occurs because, when mixing water and salt, it is not possible to notice the difference or separation of the substances that make up this mixture.

Water and oil are the best-known examples of a heterogeneous mixture, since these substances are well mixed. In this case, it is a heterogeneous biphasic mixture, since it is possible to perceive each one of the substances separately.

See also the meaning of heterogeneous.

Homogeneous in mathematics

In mathematics, the term homogeneous refers to an equation in which the terms that make up the expression have the same value, degree, or direction.

In the equation called homogeneous linear, the result of the equation formed by independent terms will always be equal to zero.

See this example: 3a + 2b - c = 0.

Synonyms for homogeneous

The term can be replaced by synonyms such as: equal, analogous, identical, equal, similar, similar, similar, uniform, simple, connected, smooth, uniform, cohesive, harmonious, coherent, cohesive, balanced.

WHAT IS PHYSICS?

Physics is the area of natural sciences that studies phenomena that occur with matter in space and time.

The word physics has its origin in the Greek term Physiké, which means "nature", its use/meaning is always related to the word episteme, which, of Greek origin, also means "knowledge", "science". Therefore, physics has been defined as: The science that studies nature.

However, this was the definition given by the Greeks of ancient Greece. For them, all natural phenomena were intriguing and there was no distinction between the fact that a body fell, a plant sprouting and wine

fermented.

With the passage of time, there was a division of the natural sciences, and thus chemistry, biology and physics themselves were born - they began to have their own field of study.

Physics attempts to describe, predict, and justify by law the phenomena that occur with matter in space and time.

The phenomena studied by physics are present everywhere, in our daily lives, on our planet, in other galaxies, in short, throughout the universe. In dealing with these phenomena, Physics uses the scientific method, since hypotheses must be confirmed by experiments; thus, forecasts are made and it is possible to verify whether experiments conform to these predictions.

Physics is traditionally divided into branches. Each branch groups the study of facts that have similar properties and that can be related and described by common laws.

So here are the branches of physics:

Mechanics: studies the movements of bodies.

Thermology: studies phenomena related to temperature and heat.

Optics: studies phenomena related to light.

Wave: studies phenomena related to waves, their characteristics, properties and behaviors.

Electricity and magnetism: studies electrical and magnetic phenomena.

Modern physics: it deals with physics developed in the twentieth century, in which we can include relativity, quantum physics and nuclear physics.

What is quantum physics:

All these microparticles cannot be studied from the point of view of classical physics, since they are not influenced by the laws that make them up, such as gravity, the law of inertia, action and reaction, etc.

Unlike classical physics, quantum physics is classified as "non-intuitive", meaning that in this field of study certain things are true even when they appear not to be true. In fact, because it is considered non-intuitive, quantum physics has become known as "false theory".

Also known as quantum mechanics, this revolutionary theory of modern physics emerged in the early 20th century with physicist Max Planck (1858-1947), who was one of the pioneers in the development of his basic principles and who contradicted most of the time the basic laws of classical physics. Planck was responsible, for example, for the creation of the "Planck constant" (E = h.v).

However, it was Albert Einstein, the creator of the theory of relativity, who first named the Planck quantum equation (Latin for "quantity"). Quantum is a reference to the physical event of quantization consisting of the instantaneous change of electrons that contains a minimum energy level at a higher level, if heated.

Although the theory of quantum physics focuses on phenomena

microscopic, they are reflected in all the macroscopic aspects, since everything in the universe is made up of molecules, atoms and other subatomic particles.

During the 20th century, several scientists and physicists contributed to the development of quantum physics theory, such as Werner Heisenberg (1901-1976), Louis de Broglie (1892-1987), Niels Bohr (1885-1962), Erwin Schrödinger (1887-1961), Max Born (1882-1970), John von Neumann (11) Richard Feynman (1918-1988), Wolfgang Pauli (1900-1958), among others.

Since then, quantum physics has become the basic theory of many other branches of physics and chemistry, such as atomic physics, nuclear physics, molecular physics, quantum chemistry, particle physics, etc. In fact, the principles of quantum physics are also applied in various sectors of human knowledge, revolutionizing not only the exact sciences, but also the philosophical currents.

The main link between quantum physics and the philosophical and spiritual concepts, according to the defenders of this relationship, lies in the condition of randomness and uncertainty of this theory, according to which it is possible to have two different and simultaneous situations for a given subatomic body.

This principle has been observed in quantum physics by the so-called "wave-particle duality", that is, when a particle behaves like a particle or like a wave, a statement totally abnormal before classical physics.

From this idea, for example, different theoretical hypotheses for study emerge, such as the "theory of the various worlds", according to which

it is possible to have different alternative realities for each individual. Quantum physics and spirituality

This relationship is controversial, as it consists in the debate between two distinct nuclei, one formed by those who defend the veracity of the quantum influence on the spiritual plane and another that totally denies the use of quantum mechanics as a way of explaining spirituality.

For those who advocate the existence of a relationship between quantum physics and spiritual physics, the power of human thought can exert great power over the individual reality of each person, being, with the correct indications, capable of altering the world around them.

Quantum physics and thinking

Several internationally renowned physicists relate the principles of quantum physics to theories of human consciousness and the power of thought as "constructor" of reality.

In short, the human mind would have a profound ability to influence the arrangement of atomic microparticles around people, the way they behave and how they construct the reality of each individual. For scholars who believe in this idea, people's intentions influence the construction of reality.

THE FIVE KINGDOMS OF LIVING BEINGS

Discover the five realms of living beings and find out more about their differences.

Animals and plants are classified into the kingdoms Animalia and Plantae respectively

We know that, according to their similarities, all living things are grouped into different categories, varying from kingdom to species. A kingdom is the most widespread category and includes living beings with similar characteristics, but some important peculiarities.

Currently, we consider the existence of five kingdoms: Monera, Protista or Protoctista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. This classification was proposed by researcher Whittaker in 1969 and is still one of the most widely accepted and studied in elementary and high school.

The kingdom of Monera is a group of very simple beings. All members are made up of a single cell (single cell) and do not have a defined nucleus (prokaryotic cell). Some representatives are able to produce their own food (autotrophs), while others need to consume their nutrients from other living organisms (heterotrophs). All species of bacteria and cyanobacteria are included in this group.

Unlike the Monera kingdom, the protist or protoctist kingdom does not have individuals with prokaryotic cells, all eukaryotic representatives. In this group, we find unicellular and multicellular beings and also organisms with autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition. This kingdom has very different organisms, and many people even claim that there are beings grouped in it that simply do not adapt to other kingdoms. As representatives, we can mention protozoa and algae.

The paramecium is an example of a representative of the protoctist kingdom

The mushroom kingdom has single-celled or multicellular organisms with a eukaryotic cell. All representatives,

unlike the above kingdoms, they are heterotrophic, i.e. unable to cause it to harm their food. This is the main characteristic that allows us to distinguish this group of plants. All mushrooms, molds, and yeasts are included in this kingdom.

The kingdom of Plantae is composed exclusively of autotrophic organisms that have both eukaryotic and multicellular cells. It is a very diverse group and includes all the plants on the planet. Despite the appearance of plants with algae, the latter group cannot be grouped in this kingdom. However, evidence shows that plants have green algae as ancestors.

Finally, we have the kingdom Animalia, the kingdom to which we belong. It has representatives of heterotrophic, multicellular, and eukaryotic cells. This first characteristic (heterotrophic beings) is fundamental for differentiating this group of plants.

We still have viruses, but they are not classified in any of the domains studied. Many scholars do not consider these living beings, since they do not possess cells or metabolism outside the cells of their parasites. However, this is still a controversial point. Faced with this problem, the viruses are studied separately.

LIVING WORLD KINGDOMS

BIOLOGY

The kingdoms of the world of the living most accepted today are Monera, Protoctista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.

Since ancient times, different ways have been proposed to classify living beings in order to facilitate the study of these organisms

and understand their evolutionary relationships. The criteria used to group them are varied, meaning that these systems are constantly being changed and improved.

The first classification systems were quite simple and, as technological resources were scarce, were based on the macroscopic characteristics of each being and on their habits of life. For this reason, organisms were initially classified by Linnaeus into two kingdoms: animal and plant.

With the advance of technology, the study of microscopic beings began and a new classification emerged as a result. In 1866, the term protist was proposed to designate eukaryotic organisms that did not fit into the animal and plant realms. Years later, protists were promoted to the kingdom.

Copeland, in 1956, suggested creating a kingdom to group together organisms that could be considered simpler in nature: bacteria. The four-kingdom system arose, as did the kingdom of Monera, where prokaryotic beings were inserted.

Mushrooms are part of the kingdom of mushrooms

Later, in 1969, the five kingdoms system proposed by Whittaker emerged. Undoubtedly, this is the system most used, even if there are other classifications. According to the Whittaker system, we have the kingdoms: Black Brunette, Protist, Fungi, Animalia and Plantae.

Monera Kingdom: groups unicellular prokaryotic organisms, that is, they have a single cell without a nucleus delimited by a membrane. Examples: bacteria and cyanobacteria.

Protista Kingdom (now called Protoctista): unicellular, multicellular, eukaryotic, autotrophic, or heterotrophic beings. Example: algae and protozoa.

The change of name from Protista Kingdom to Protoctista occurred in the 1980s and was proposed by Margulis and Schwartz. In addition to changing the names, the researchers included multicellular algae and some mushrooms in this group.

Fungi of the kingdom: groups eukaryotic beings, which in most cases are multicellular and heterotrophic. Examples: mushrooms, molds and yeasts.

Plants are part of the kingdom of Plantae

Reino Plantae or Metaphyta: includes eukaryotic multicellular organisms with autotrophic nutrition. Example: mosses, ferns, araucaria and mango.

Kingdom Animalia or Metazoa: includes eukaryotic and heterotrophic organisms that have a heterotrophic diet. Example: man, dog, cow and birds.

Animals are part of the kingdom Animalia

In addition to this classification, it is now accepted that all organisms are included in three main domains: bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. This classification was proposed by Carl Woese in 1990 and created using data from the nucleoside analysis of ribosomal RNA.

The domain of bacteria groups all real bacteria or just bacteria. The Archaeae domain includes all archaea, which were previously erroneously considered the basal group of

bacteria. The Eukarya domain, in turn, is composed of all existing eukaryotic organisms, therefore included in this group, the Protoctist kingdoms, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.

As textbooks and most teachers still adopt Whittaker's proposed classification, here you will find texts that obey this system.

Good studies!

Warning: viruses are a very particular group due to the absence of cells. Therefore, they are not classified into the realms of living beings. It is worth pointing out that these organisms are incapable of living without cells, being considered intracellular parasites as obligatory areas.

7 MEANINGS OF THE SMALL KNOWN HUMAN BODY

Taste, touch, smell, sight and hearing are not the only senses of the human body

We often hear the statement that we have five senses. But what scholars like the neurologist Alvaro Pascual-Leone and the psychologists Daniel Simons and Christopher Chabris, from Harvard University in the United States, say is that our capacity for perceiving the world, internally and externally, goes far beyond the 5 senses of the Aristotelian Base. To get an idea of what that means, we can try to answer questions like:

Imagine having your eyes closed, how does it feel to be at a high height?

Is touch responsible for the perception of temperature? Wouldn't we need to play, since we're just talking about touch?

If we enter a room blindfolded, what exact sense can indicate that the room is full or empty?

In a noisy place, we can choose which sound we want to focus our attention on. Is it really just hearing that can do that? What happens to the rest of the sounds we miss?

If you were confused while trying to answer these questions, perhaps some of the other senses studied by the scientists listed below may clear up your doubts.

proprioception:

This sense is responsible for knowing that we have and where our organs, limbs, muscles and our body as a whole are located.

nociception

É the sense of pain. Studies indicate that it may be associated with emotional factors and other types of perception.

The 7 main chakra of living beings

To start talking about chakra, you need to talk about energy. Energy is everything that vibrates: light, sound, solar rays, water ... Everything that exists in the universe is composed of energy. Everything we see is made up of condensed energy, that is, matter.

Our physical body is matter, that is, energy. Our planet is composed of condensed energy, as is nature and all the things man has created. There's energy everywhere, inside and outside of planet Earth.

All living beings need vital energy (or prana, bioenergy,

...) to stay alive. It can be obtained from sunlight, food, plants, land, water, air.

Everything is made of energy: the aura or the psychosome

As we are energy, every living being has a magnetic field that protects it and differentiates it from other beings. This field is better known as aura and has different names, depending on the spiritual school that studies it.

In the aura, according to Professor Wagner Borges from IPPB, there are various openings through which we exchange energy with the environment, with other people, with other beings, with nature.

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KEYS TO ACTIVATE THE HIDDEN POWER OF HERBS

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Awaken the power of herbs for transformation and balance of soul chakra

These openings in the aura are energy vortices and are more popularly known as chakra or chakra. The chakra are energy centers in the form of a circle (chakra = wheel, in Sanskrit) in our body that vibrate constantly. Billions are scattered throughout the aura of living things. How does this happen?

É simple, all living things are composed of cells. We humans are made of billions and all must be alive and in constant activity for us to be alive.

Therefore, for this to happen, cells are powered by energy

and must receive and release energy constantly. Thanks to this exchange, we are born, we grow and we develop, until one day the energy exchanges cease and the physical body dies together with its cells.

All this happens thanks to the chakra, the main people responsible for this energy exchange. For each living cell, there is a constantly moving chakra.

There are chakra that play important roles in the body. Some are more important than others. There are the main ones and the secondary ones. The latter are considered as such because they are not associated with endocrine glands. Two examples are the splenic chakra (attached to the spleen) and the liver chakra. In this article, we will examine the main chakra in general.

The main chakra

The seven main chakra of the body are, from bottom to top: basic, sexual, solar plexus, cardiac, laryngeal, frontal and coronary. All of them are associated with the endocrine system of the human body and each one is associated with a specific gland.

We will tell here in the study of Hindus, who worked in subtle anatomy for at least 10,000 years, through Ayurvedic medicine and the sacred scriptures of Hinduism. They are pioneers in the study of chakra and each represents lotus flowers with different amounts of petals. The thinner the chakra, the more petals they have (except the front chakra).

Spiritually, each chakra carries with it a mission to be fulfilled by man. The vibration of each of the chakra also indicates whether the person is doing well in all parts of the body and in all

areas of your life. An excessively vibrating chakra is overactive or less vibrating than normal, underactive, and unbalanced.

CHAKRA BASE or 1st CHAKRA:

É called by the Hindus Muladhara and in Sanskrit means support. It is at the base of the spine (in the last bone, coccyx), more precisely in the perineum region. Its opening is facing down, towards

à land. It is responsible for the absorption of telluric energy and the direct stimulation of energy in the body and bloodstream.

It is connected to the adrenal glands, responsible for the release of the hormone adrenaline in the blood, which leads us to preserve our life in situations of danger or decision.

The base chakra is red and, as we have seen, is connected to the element earth and also governs the organs that give structure to the body (bones, muscles, spine, hip), legs and feet. In this way, this chakra offers us a support, a structure for living on the terrestrial plane, because it is what connects us to the earth, to existence.

É It is common for people who are depressed or who have tried their life to have this fragile chakra. People who are very attached to material things, who accumulate old things tend to have problems with the intestine and this reflects a malfunctioning of the base chakra.

Prosperous and healthy people usually have an equally healthy base chakra. The mission of this chakra is to make us walk in balance on planet Earth and express the health of the physical body as a whole.

CHAKRA SEXUAL or 2nd CHAKRA:

For Hindus, it is Swadhisthana (or city of pleasure in Sanskrit) and is found in the lower abdomen. It is physically connected to the gonads - testicles (man) and ovaries (woman) - and to female energy, uterus, procreation (the creation of other things, such as personal and professional projects), pregnancy. It is responsible for sexual reproduction and exchange during sex and for fluid control throughout the human body.

The sexual chakra excites the entire genital and urinary tract, also deals with filtration and circulation of fluids in the kidneys and expelling all excretions from the body. It is governed by the Moon (and that is why it is so attached to feminine sexuality, motherhood, and creation) and the water element (connected to amniotic fluid, interpersonal relationships, self-esteem, and self-love).

During pregnancy, nine months after our mother's uterus, we remain connected to her by the umbilical cord.

We were protected and surrounded by amniotic fluid, fed by it; for all these reasons, the health of this chakra measures and influences the quality of our relationship with the Earth, with the family, with people in general and with us. It represents our emotional body, stores the emotions experienced in relationships and gives us the mission to interact with the world, with what surrounds us harmoniously.

It can also be called sacral chakra and is orange, purple, or red (depending on the circumstances). It is the chakra of sexual exchange and joy. Many spiritual schools avoid talking about this chakra and put the splenic chakra (or spleen chakra) in its place.

If blocked, it causes impotence or sexual despondency, relationship problems, low self-esteem. When overactive, causes intense

sexual desire and other compulsions. If the sexual chakra is healthy, it stimulates the better functioning of the other chakra and helps to awaken the kundalini; the person has a balanced self-esteem, can appreciate and appreciate the pleasures of life.

CHAKRA HUMBLE OR 3RD:

Called pure Mani by the Hindus (in Sanskrit, city of jewels), it sits one or two fingers above the navel and is connected to the pancreas. This chakra has a yellow color, deep green and dark red.

This influences our relationship with matter and personal power. Dense emotions like anger, pain, fear, sadness, distress, resentment, anxiety are kept in this chakra. It is one of the chakras that needs to be treated and harmonized to the maximum. It represents the mental body.

The solar plexus controls the region of the viscera and it is no wonder that all dense and visceral emotions (such as passion and desire) accumulate in this region. It is responsible for absorbing the energy of food and distributing it throughout the body. It is one of the most sensitive chakra to our routine. Most people suffer from a physical problem in this region, such as gastritis, stomach problems, diabetes, or other digestive problems.

When blocked, the umbilical chakra causes nausea, fear, or irritation. When in harmony, it gives us a great power of realization, it is the chakra that leads us to act. This chakra has great vitality when it is healthy and functions as a psychic radar, perceiving energies or spiritual presences in the environment.

HEART OF CHAKRA OR 4TH CHAKRA:

The Hindus gave the name of Anahata (Secret Chamber of the Heart) and, translating from Sanskrit, it is easy to know where it is? in the region of the heart, in the center of the chest. The heart chakra is green and yellow gold in color and is attached to the thymus gland.

É responsible for energizing the cardiorespiratory system and all the energy in the chest. Considered the center of love and the channel of expression of feelings, it is also linked to balance, universal love, compassion, altruism and, physically, the immune system.

The heart chakra has the function of balancing the energies of all other chakra, as it is in the center, having below it three inferior chakras associated with existence on Earth and above it three upper chakras, finer and associated with the spiritual plane. It is the heart that connects Heaven to Earth, it is the connection of spirituality through matter. It represents the astral body.

É the most fragile chakra if there is an emotional imbalance. If well developed, it becomes a channel of love for spiritual assistance work. When there is a blockage, the person feels depression, distress, irritation, stitches in the chest, is overly materialistic and attached. Physically, the blockage can lead to a heart attack, tachycardia. In women, breast cancer can develop.

CHAKRA LARYNGEAL OR 5TH CHAKRA:

Baptized as Vishuddha (The Blood Purifier in Sanskrit). This name already gives us some clues about the gland to which it is connected: the thyroid (and the parathyroid). The function of the thyroid is to filter the blood, regulate menstrual cycles in women.

It is located in the gorge and is responsible for communication,

expression of ideas, verbalization and implementation of projects. Physically, it takes care of the mouth, throat and respiratory tract: the hands and arms are physical extensions of the throat chakra, because it is with them that we bring ideas to the material plane, putting our hands into the mass.

The larynx represents the standard etheric body and has blue, lilac, silver white, or pink. When in good health and development, it facilitates psychophony and clarity. It is also considered an energy filter that prevents emotional energies from reaching the chakras of the head.

When unbalanced, it can cause sore throat, herpes, toothache and/or gum, hyper-or hypothyroidism. A person with adjustment problems, or who can take everything quietly, "swallows frogs", may have the throat chakra blocked.

CHAKRA THE FRONT

6TH CHAKRA:

Ajna (Control Center, Sanskrit) is better known than the third eye. This means that it is located on the forehead, between the eyebrows and connected to the pituitary or pituitary gland. It has an indigo color, blue-white, yellow or greenish.

Check all the other chakras, all the commands for the whole body come out of it; it also deals with the frontal lobe, which represents our logical portion, our ideals, reasoning and thoughts, our ability to learn, observe and intuition. The frontal chakra also represents the celestial body and is responsible for the health of the eyes and nose.

When healthy, Anja acquires clairvoyance and expands intuition. IS

It is easy to work with us, because we use it very daily in sight. Usually, its activity can be felt by a vibration or warm feeling on the forehead. This chakra also represents duality and the two hemispheres of the brain, since it is designed with only two petals.

There are several dysfunctions in this chakra, such as excess thoughts, ideas that accumulate and are not put into practice, disorganization, lack of concentration. Physically, the person may suffer from sinusitis, which is the sum of this mental congestion. There may also be a feeling of panic, headache, and even mental problems. Meditation is a great way to empty your head and clean the previous chakra.

CORONARY CHAKRA OR 7TH CHAKRA:

The Sahashara (a thousand petal lotus in Sanskrit) has exactly 972 petals. It is on the upper part of the head, connected to the pineal or epiphysis, which is the gland located in the center of the head and located in all other glands of the body. The chakra forms a crown of light, so it is also known as the crown chakra, as it faces up. It is purple, white or gold-colored.

Through this chakra, we can reach an understanding of everything and it is through it that we connect with the spiritual plane, with the Overself, with God and the divine in all things; it is related to the way we profess our faith and evolve spiritually.

When worked and developed, it facilitates recall and awareness of the projections of consciousness. It is very important in telepathy, in the development of mediumship, in the expansion of consciousness and in

receiving important issues. It is the chakra through which also penetrate the cosmic energy and energy of the Sun.

The coronary is the most important chakra, since it is responsible for energizing the brother brain, influences mental functions and the production of serotonin, the hormone of well-being, since it regulates sleep, appetite, mood, among others. Other functions.

This chakra represents the causal body. His vibration also indicates that we are alive. For this reason, people who claim not to believe in God, not to profess faith or practice any religious practice are also active in the crown chakra.

If unbalanced, people may develop phobias, neurological problems, lack of faith, depression, and suicidal tendencies. When you are healthy, we activate all our sensitivity and live according to our goal, with health, happiness and great availability.

The crown chakra is the most important of all chakras and its mission is to understand all existence and become enlightened, integrate into the whole. It's our last duty on planet Earth.

Energy chakras and phyto

As we have seen before, each person has his or her own energy field around the physical body, called the aura. Each chakra deals with an area of our life and the challenges we have to overcome.

By knowing better how our energy behaves, it is possible to begin to reveal the causes of illnesses and realize the level of toxicity of behavior and thoughts recurrent in our daily life. We can begin to understand how feelings, thoughts and

emotions affect our emotional, mental and physical health.

From the moment we discover the imbalances in our bodies, in the chakras, we can count on the energy of the plants. Remember that all living beings have vital energy? Therefore, plants and vegetables can help us, with their energy, to cure us of physical, mental, spiritual and emotional diseases

HOW TO HAVE THE POWER OF MIND TO YOUR ADVANTAGE Use the power of mind to your advantage

The human mind is one of the most incredible places there is. This "box" hides an infinite potential, in which we can look for ideas, concepts and plans to reach them. To learn more about this topic, continue reading this article!

A light mind is much more powerful and aggregating! Since we talked about the power of the mind, I present you my detox program from negative thoughts! Change your life now! Get in here! It's free!

Turn dreams into kings and personality

The first step in making something real is mental creation. There is nothing we can physically practice or materialize without having it in mind first. Reality is directly connected to the images projected within us. When we are not in control of our thoughts or do not understand how to work the mind, we go through complicated situations or are taken to a world that is not ideal.

You may have heard a very common old saying: "to want is to power". Sounds simple, doesn't it? But if we look at coaching, our

results begin at the moment when the mind works toward what we believe and want to achieve. When we think right, we have the power to achieve what we so desire.

Tips on how to work the mind properly

It does not help to ask a restless mind for tons of innovative ideas.

So take a look at some tips on taking care of yourself:

• According to neuroscientist Cori Bargmann, from Rockefeller University in the United States, sleep is essential for keeping the brain ative and healthy. During sleep, memories are fixed and some toxic proteins are eliminated, which is not the case when we are awake.

Physical exercises are also essential for the proper functioning of the mind.

• Gratitude for learning and outcomes is important. This positive stance reinforces self-confidence and makes the individual see life in a more uplifting and less pessimistic way.

Positive thinking eliminates stress and anxiety. Supported by it, the central point is never the problem itself, but how to find the best solutions to solve it and move forward.

• According to the American psychologist Daniel Goleman, another important element to access the power of the mind is focus. For the specialist, it is necessary to maintain internal, external and empathic concentration in order to find a balance. To do so, Goleman argues that it is necessary to learn to completely disconnect from the environment, as well as see the world with new perspectives and ultimately choose the best ways to relate to people.

If you have other tips you want to share, just write in the comments!

6 Tips to Increase Your Mental Power

As mentioned earlier, no great technique or breakthrough secret is needed for the power of the mind to touch beside us. It's small attitudes, a change in behavior and changes in lifestyle that can make a difference. Follow the tips below and enjoy your mental power:

1. Be positive: always try to have a positive perspective. Attitudes and pen Positive feelings increase self-esteem and promote the maintenance of physical and mental health. It is useless to want to alter the power of the mind in your favor, if the thoughts are bad, negative.

2. Exercise: Exercise is essential for good health. The heart and the rest of the body thank you if you train often. The Roman philosopher Juvenal (died in the second century) said that "a healthy mind in a healthy body". During physical activities, important areas of the mind are processed, responsible for stimulating memory and creating cells in regeneration.

3. Thank You: By thanking you, you promote positive feelings that promote the feeling of well-being, happiness and reward. In addition, thanking strengthens your purpose and mission of life. Be thankful for your achievements, your family and your friends. And try to exercise that sense of gratitude whenever possible in the small gestures of the people around you.

4. Sleep well: as mentioned above, research has shown that sleep is essential for the proper functioning of the brain. So try

sleep preferably at least 8 hours a night and do everything possible to relax and rest the body and mind. Just like the physical part, there comes a moment when the head also needs to recharge the batteries.

5. Keep focused: By controlling your concentration ability, the power over your mind gradually increases. Knowing the right time to pay attention to a particular topic or just relaxing and being distracted makes the brain balance and not overloaded. Make a list of what is really important and try to follow it so as not to blur and work on that fundamental side of the mind.

6. Replace the words: you know words have strength, right? Therefore, work with them to exercise your mind gradually. Valuable advice is to replace "if" with "when". Whenever you are dealing with a problem or future plan in your life, do not say "if I get the job" but "when I get the job". The "if" provides options and the "when" is centered on an option.

You saw how everything can be different with simplicity.

you attitudes in everyday life? Exercise your mind, have positive thoughts and actions, gain greater mental power and extraordinary results in your life.

Neurolinguistic programming

Have you ever heard of neurolinguistic programming? This science was developed by author Richard Bandler and psychologist John Grinder in the 1970s in the United States. His research has shown that human beings have three pillars: neurological processes, language and behavior. In addition, scholars say that a person can

link these points to achieve a goal.

At the Brazilian Institute of Coaching (IBC), there is a training program that works precisely on this concept called Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP). In addition to deepening the concepts of neurolinguistic programming, the course will help you find your inner self and develop a better version of yourself without losing the essence. Don't stop there! The training also teaches:

• What's the best way to turn dreams into real goals.

A very related topic to what this article is about.

• What it is and how to exercise self-knowledge, personal development, self-esteem and emotional intelligence.

• Like practicing nonverbal language.

• What is the alignment of neurological levels.

• What is the structure of thought and how it works.

• How to develop behavioral flexibility.

• which channels are representative;

• Increase the ability to reflect on a given situation by looking at it from more than one angle

• How to negotiate and solve problems effectively.

• How to productively manage time and activities.

• Best practices for good leadership.

• Critical skill development.

• How to generate team effort.

• How to expand the ability to communicate with different audiences.

Redefine various situations and facts in your life.

• Maturity of creativity and its application in processes and problem solving.

Did you enjoy the workout? So don't wait another minute and browse the site to learn more or contact one of our assistants.

A light mind is much more powerful and aggregating! Since we talked about the power of the mind, I present you my detox program from negative thoughts! Change your life now! Get in here! It's free!

If you like these tips, comment and share the content with your friends. Also, here are other ideas to make our mind an ally in the pursuit of success and goals.

WHAT IS YOGA?

If you think that yoga is just twisting and moving your body in a strange way, it's time to rethink. Yoga is much more than postures. Derived from the Sanskrit word "yuj", which means "to unite or to integrate", yoga is a collection of knowledge of more than 5,000 years. Yoga consists of harmonizing the body with the mind and breathing, through breathing techniques (pranayama), yoga positions (asana) and meditation. Watch the video below to learn more about what yoga is:

Yoga for all

Yoga is a way of life and if we stop thinking, we have practiced since we were children! For example, stretching the cat to stretch the column. Always see children doing some kind of yoga during the day.

Yoga works for everyone: people who work in an office, sportsmen, people who try to lose weight, with an intense or peaceful routine in their daily life that can have more quality of life with the practice.

Breathing techniques (Pranayama) and meditation

Pranayama is the art of effectively controlling breathing. Appropriate breathing techniques can help bring more oxygenation to the blood and brain, helping to control prana or vital energy. Pranayama also follows several yoga asanas.

The union between these two principles of yoga is considered the highest form of purification and self-discipline, which encompasses mind and body. The techniques of Prayanamas also prepare us for a deeper meditation experience.

Sri Sri Yoga

At Art of Living, we have a yoga seminar that takes place for 5 days (2 hours a day), combining body, mind and breath with a joyful experience. A combination of asanas is taught that is delicately and vigorously carried out, in addition to other techniques that guarantee the well-being of the body and nourish the mind and spirit.

With the multidimensional routine of Sri Sri Yoga, which combines yoga postures, breathing techniques, knowledge of yoga and meditation, students end up with a complete practice to perform at home.

It is aimed at beginners and, at the same time, more advanced professionals. Through the practices taught at the seminar, participants can lose weight and cure chronic diseases such as insomnia, asthma, diabetes, hypertension and migraine.

Patanjali Yoga Sutra - The class ico yoga gift

Sri Sri Ravi Shankar's unique commentary on this ancient text, the Yoga Sutra of Patanjali, will illuminate your knowledge of yoga, its origin and purpose. Dive into this rich knowledge and learn more about the practice of yoga, described by Patanjali. You can buy the book in our stores.

FRUIT AND ITS VITAMINS

Fruit is food that should be included on our menu every day. They are rich in vitamins and provide energy for activities. Each type of fruit is a true balm for health, with physical and aesthetic benefits. Some of them have important medicinal powers.

People in general are unable to eat the optimal number of servings of fruit every day because there is a strong temptation to eat a dessert or chocolate instead of an apple, for example. However,

é It is important to talk about efforts to prioritize fruits whenever possible.

Check the vitamin profile of each fruit:

Banana: Vitamins A, B1, B2 and C

Watermelon: Vitamins B, A and C

Orange: Vitamin C.

Lemon: Vitamin C and B complex.

Apple: Vitamins B1 and B2

Pineapple: Vitamins C, B1 and A

Passion fruit: Vitamin A, C and B complex.

Melon: rich in vitamins A, C and B.

Strawberry: rich in vitamin C.

Pear: vitamin complex A, C and B.

Papaya: vitamin complex A, C and B.

Avocado: vitamin E.

Grapes: Vitamins B and C

Fruits with antioxidant powers: strawberry, plum, grape, orange, apple, banana, pear and papaya.

Fruits to be included in the diet of slimming: pineapple (low calorie and diuretic); banana (rich in tryptophan, which helps to combat anxiety); fig (source of magnesium and diuretic); lemon (fights free radicals and is also diuretic); mango (high concentrations of potassium and magnesium) and watermelon (diuretic) and peach (very nutritious).

Citric fruits (with citric acid): rich in vitamins and antioxidants, they fight the free radicals: orange, lemon, acerola, cashew nuts, pineapple, and loquat. Not acid and not suitable for heartburn sufferers.

Fruits suitable for fighting heartburn: apple, melon, watermelon and banana VITAMIN TABLE

What are they, functions of vitamins, types of vitamins, fruit vitamins, avitaminosis, water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble, importance, vitamin C and others.

What are the vitamins

Vitamins are important nutrients for our body. They are extremely important for the proper functioning of our body, mainly because they help to prevent many diseases.

They are not produced by the body and therefore must be acquired by eating food (fruit, vegetables, meat, etc.). Lack of vitamins can lead to various diseases (avitaminosis).

Vitamins can be of two types: soluble in water (soluble in water and absorbed by the intestine) and soluble in fat (soluble in fat and absorbed by the intestine with the help of bile salts produced by the fig).

Vitamin A

Sources: poultry, animal liver and carrot

Disability diseases (avitaminosis): vision problems, dry skin, reduction of red blood cells, formation of kidney stones

Functions in the body: combat free radicals, bone formation, skin; retinal functions

Vitamin D

Sources: fish oil, liver, egg yolk

Disability diseases (avitaminosis): rickets and osteoporosis

Functions in the body: regulation of calcium in blood and bones

Vitamin E

Sources: vegetables, olive oil and vegetables

Disability diseases (avitaminosis): visual impairment and neurological disorders

Functions in the body: acts as an antioxidant agent.

Vitamin K

Sources: liver and vegetables of green leaves, avocado.

Disorders caused by deficiency (avitaminosis): deficiency of blood clotting, bleeding.

Functions in the body: acts on blood clotting, prevents osteoporosis, activates osteo calcina (an important bone protein).

Vitamin B1

Sources: cereals, cured meats, vegetables, yeast beer

Disability diseases (avitaminosis): beriberi

Functions in the body: acts on the energy metabolism of sugars

Vitamin B2

Sources: milk, meat, vegetables

Disability diseases (avitaminosis): inflammation of the tongue, anemia, seborrhea

Functions in the body: acts on the metabolism of enzymes, the protection of

nervous system.

Vitamin B5

Sources: liver, mushrooms, corn, avocado, eggs, milk, vegetables

Disability diseases (avitaminosis): fatigue, muscle cramps, insomnia

Functions in the body: metabolism of proteins, fats and sugars

Vitamin B6

Sources: meat, fruit, vegetables and cereals

Disability diseases (avitaminosis): seborrhea, anemia, growth disorders

Functions in the body: growth, cell protection, fat and protein metabolism, hormonal production

Vitamin b12

Sources: liver, meat

Disability diseases (avitaminosis): pernicious anemia

Functions in the body: formation of red blood cells and cell multiplication

Vitamin C

Sources: orange, lemon, pineapple, kiwi, acerola, strawberry, broccoli, melon, mango

Disability diseases (avitaminosis): scurvy

Functions in the body: acts to strengthen the immune system, fights free radicals and increases the absorption of iron by the intestine.

Vitamin H.

Sources: walnut, almond, chestnut, beer yeast, milk, egg yolk, brown rice

Disability diseases (avitaminosis): eczema, exhaustion, muscle pain, dermatitis

Functions in the body: fat metabolism

Vitamin M or B9

Sources: mushrooms, green vegetables

Disorders caused by deficiency (avitaminosis): megaloblastic anemia, neural tube disorders

Functions in the body: amino acid metabolism, formation of red blood cells and nerve tissues

Vitamin PP or B3

Sources: peas, peanuts, beans, fish, beans, liver

Disability diseases (avitaminosis): insomnia, headache, dermatitis, diarrhea, depression

Functions in the body: skin maintenance, liver protection, regulates the level of cholesterol in the blood.

COCONUT WATER: ADVANTAGES FOR YOUR HEALTH

Not long ago, nutritionists, nutritionists and all kinds of

professionals involved in the food sector - myself included - recommended moderation in the consumption of coconut water, one of the most popular drinks at the time of the year when it is hotter. We were concerned that it contained fructose and saturated fat, substances that might put on weight and cause some health problems, and because we thought that its benefits did not outweigh its damage.

Coconut water is rich in vitamins, minerals, amino acids, carbohydrates, antioxidants, enzymes and other phyto nutrients that help the body function more efficiently.

Coconut water has a combination of substances that make it special, even when compared to beverages. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, amino acids, carbohydrates, antioxidants, enzymes and other phyto nutrients that help the body function more efficiently. Its electrolytic content (ionic mineral) similar to human plasma has ensured international recognition as the best oral rehydrate. In other words: a super sports drink unrivaled with any other synthetic product for that purpose. It is so compatible with the human body that it can also be injected into the vein, which was quite common during the first and second world wars, as well as in the Vietnam war, where the lack of resources meant that the military was aware of the situation. Although the most famous moisturizing characteristic of this drink is, the health benefits do not stop there. Coconut water promotes balance of body chemistry, all for health benefit. It reduces blood pressure and the risk of heart disease, prevents atherosclerosis, facilitates kidney functions, protects against various types of cancer, facilitates digestion, controls blood glucose levels, blood circulation, makes the immune system more active, possesses

anti-aging properties and helps preserve healthy bacteria. For athletes, coconut water is essential in summer. It acts as a deposit of electrolytes, a substance that protects against cramps and improves physical performance, being more efficient for replacing some nutrients lost in sweat than the water itself. Drink coconut water: it's okay!

Super health!

Additional information: Flavored water makes 2 liters look small

PSYCHOLOGY

Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. The study of this area is multifaceted and includes subfields, such as areas of human development, sport, health, clinical practice, social behavior and cognitive processes.

The word "psychology" derives from the ancient Greek psyche, meaning "mind", and logos, meaning "knowledge or study". Being a science, it tries to investigate the causes of behavior. As a consequence, it uses systematic and objective procedures for observation, measurement and analysis, supported by theoretical interpretations, generalizations, explanations and forecasts.

It seems impossible to study the most complex machine on Earth, which is the human mind. Although we cannot observe the mind directly, everything we do, think, hear and say is determined by how it works.

Psychologists take human behavior as raw data for

test your theories of how the mind works. For patients, this means understanding what mental processes are triggering negative reactions in their life. Therefore, it is possible to work with them to modify these behaviors for a healthier mind. According to the Federal Psychology Council, today there are just over 310,000 psychologists in Brazil, 90% of whom are women.

What is psychology?

In the beginning, there were two dominant theoretical perspectives in his study

American William James (1842-1910) developed an approach that became known as functionalism. In it, he argued that the mind is constantly changing and it is useless to look for the building blocks of experience. Instead, the focus should be on how and why an organism does something. Finally, it was suggested that psychologists seek the underlying cause of the behavior and mental processes involved. This emphasis on the causes and consequences of behavior was the main influence of contemporary psychology.

The second perspective was Wilhelm Wundt's structuralism. The term derives from Edward Titchener, an American psychologist trained by Wundt. Structuralism was based on trained introspection. As a result of this method of research, subjects reported what was happening in their minds while performing a certain task. This turned out to be an unreliable method, because there were many individual variations in the experiences and relationships of the research subjects. Despite the failure of introspection, Wundt is an important figure in the story. It was he who opened the first laboratory

dedicated to psychology in 1879. This openness is generally seen as the beginning of modern psychology.

Wundt was also important in separating this area of philosophy, analyzing the workings of the mind using more objective and standardized procedures. With its broad scope, psychology investigates a wide variety of phenomena: learning and memory, sensation and perception, motivation and emotion, thought and language, personality and social behavior, intelligence, child development, mental illness, and more.

Where does psychology come from?

Psychology is a whole new science, with most of the progress made in the last 150 years. However, its origins date back to ancient Greece, between 400 and 500 bc. The emphasis was philosophical, with great thinkers like Socrates influencing Plato, who in turn influenced Aristotle.

During the 17th century, the French philosopher René Descartes introduced the idea of dualism. He claimed that mind and body were two entities that interacted to form the human experience. Many other issues still debated today by psychologists, such as nature's related contributions against creation, are rooted in these ancient philosophical traditions.

By the mid-19th century, the philosopher Wundt was using scientific research methods to study reaction times. His book was published in 1874, Principles of Physiological Psychology. He described many of the main connections between the science of physiology and the study of human thought and behavior.

In addition, physiology contributed to the possible emergence of psychology as a scientific discipline. Early physiological research on the brain and behavior had a dramatic impact in the area. For this reason, they contributed towards the application of scientific methodologies in the study of thought and behavior. The arms of psychology

Any attempt to explain why humans think and behave in this way will be connected to a branch of psychology. The different disciplines are extremely broad. These include:

• Clinical Psychology

• Cognitive psychology

• developmental psychology

• Evolutionary psychology

• Forensic Psychology

• health psychology

• Neuropsychology

• work psychology

• Social Psychology

Clinical Psychology

This clinical area integrates science, theory, and practice to understand, predict, and alleviate problems of adaptation, disability, and discomfort. It promotes adaptation, adaptation and personal development. A clinical psychologist focuses on the intellectual, emotional, biological, psychological, social, and behavioral aspects of human performance throughout the life of

in different cultures and socio-economic levels.

Clinical psychology can help us understand, prevent and relieve psychologically caused suffering or dysfunction and promote an individual's well-being and personal development. Psychological evaluation and psychotherapy are fundamental to the practice of clinical psychology. However, clinical psychologists often engage in research, training, forensic testimony, and other areas.

Cognitive psychology

Cognitive psychology investigates internal mental processes, such as problem solving, memory, learning, and language. Analyze how people think, perceive, communicate, remember and learn. It is closely related to neuroscience, philosophy and linguistics. Cognitive psychologists analyze how people acquire, process and store information. Practical applications include how to improve memory, increase the accuracy of decision-making, or how to set it up are educational programs to increase learning.

Developmental psychology

This is the scientific study of the systematic psychological changes that a person experiences during life, usually called human development. This focuses not only on infants and young children, but also on adolescents, adults, and the elderly. Factors include motor skills, problem solving, moral understanding, language acquisition, emotions, personality, self-concept, and identity formation. Developmental psychology overlaps with fields such as linguistics.

Evolutionary psychology

Evolutionary psychology examines how human behavior, such as language, was influenced by psychological adaptations during evolution. An evolutionary psychologist believes that many human psychological traits are adaptable, because they have allowed us to survive for thousands of years.

Forensic Psychology

Forensic study involves the application of psychology to criminal investigations and the law. A forensic psychologist practices psychology as a science in the criminal justice system and civil courts. It involves assessing the psychological factors that can influence a case or behavior and presenting the results to the court.

Health psychology

Health psychology is also called behavioral medicine or medical psychology. See how behavior, biology and social context affect disease and health.

A doctor usually looks first at the biological causes of a disease. A health psychologist will focus on the person as a whole and what affects their health. This may include their socioeconomic status, education and history, and behaviors that may affect the disease, such as the following instructions and drugs. Health psychologists often work alongside other medical professionals in clinical settings.

Neuropsychology

Neuropsychology examines brain structure and function in

behaviors and psychological processes. Neuropsychology may be involved if the condition involves brain damage and assessments that involve recording electrical activity in the brain.

A neuropsychological evaluation is used to determine whether a person is likely to have behavioral problems after a suspected or diagnosed brain injury, such as a stroke. The results may allow a doctor to provide treatment that helps the individual achieve possible improvements in cognitive impairment that has occurred.

Psychology of work

In a business context, a psychologist can help increase employee productivity and retention. Occupational or organizational psychologists are involved in evaluating and recommending people's performance at work and in training. They help companies find more effective ways to work and understand how people and groups behave at work. This information can help improve effectiveness, efficiency, job satisfaction, and employee retention.

Social Psychology

Social psychology uses scientific methods to understand the impact of social influences influencing human behavior. Try to explain how feelings, behaviors, and thoughts are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of other people.

A social psychologist examines group behavior, social perception, nonverbal behavior, obedience, aggression,

prejudice and leadership. Social perception and social interaction are considered fundamental to understanding social behavior. Other ramifications include military, consumer, educational, intercultural, and environmental psychology, and the number of weapons continues to grow.

What all these approaches have in common is the desire to explain the behavior of individuals based on the functioning of the mind. In all areas, the psychologists apply the scientific methodology. They formulate theories, test hypotheses through observations and experiments, and analyze results with statistical techniques that help them identify important discoveries to help people.

Celebrities who studied psychology

Some celebrities who have studied psychology that you probably don't know are. International actress Natalie Portman, national actor Leonardo Miggiorin, presenter Eliana, Facebook creator Mark Zuckerberg, Brazilian presenter Tiago Leifert and great Brazilian actress Marisa Orth.

What's psychology for?

The mind is extremely complex and the conditions related to it can be difficult to manage. The physical signs of some mental health problems, such as plaques that develop with Alzheimer disease, can be seen.

For this reason, many theories of psychology are based on the observation of human behavior.

A clinical psychologist will meet with patients and conduct assessments

to find out what your concerns are. Therefore, note what is causing some difficulties and recommend or provide treatment. For example, through counseling and psychotherapy. In addition, psychologists may also have other roles.

• Conduct studies to advise health authorities and others

bodies on social strategies.

• Rate children who have difficulty learning at school.

• Organize seminars on how to prevent bullying.

• Working with recruiting teams in companies and more.

Among the main goals of psychology are the description, explanation, prediction, and improvement of human behavior.

The work of psychologists is varied, but they all share one main goal. This goal is to help people have a better life. Our daily life is profoundly influenced by the way we interpret the hundreds of stimuli (positive or negative) we receive every day. In other words, quality of life occurs when these stimuli are adequately absorbed and intended not to harm our life.

In conclusion, psychologists are experts at understanding the role of these factors in the influence of health, happiness, and general well-being. Getting in touch with psychology helps you better understand the many ways in which the mind affects your life.

I would like to show you this fantastic text that I made a book created and developed by myself and that I did it with great honor and satisfaction, that supported me to know the body, spirit and soul that

we sought here for an existence in life that i maintain as security of my life against diseases and ailments that the world is not in contact with the reality of life itself and want you to feel the nobility of my studies on life behind the happiness of living and being happy that are wrapped in these countless pages theoretically by great masters of science and with great curiosity of my wisdom that rises alongside my book that enters as an emanation of light about life and its contexts of life and be happy in full health.

I want to firmly highlight and point out to readers that this compendium created and created by me is an extraordinary memory that I keep with love and affection so that everyone can read and understand with extraordinary firmness that life in us is something very precious to the human being and children of God and know how to understand all the details narrated in these small leaves that were born of a feeling and thought that life is like an eternal box to never stop playing the same music or the same life that is a constant impulse throughout life.

I simply want to come to a conclusion that we can understand between all the relationships of life and constructions both of death and of living that applies a theosophy of the presumed mysteries of life and nature, of divinity and of the origin and purpose of the universe that makes us think gracefully under a more composite state in relation to the body as a set composed of artifacts more constructed under a formality of all living existences that reminds me by clairvoyances the continuing birth of the living being and that nature has always consecrated it as a dilemma that man was born to die and born to live that makes me stress a good

well-disguised and specified reference under a tale of theosophy that I leave under my conquests and main study that involves a more demonstrative and realistic frontier of the human being under the nature of living and everything that composes life in its existence as a more expressive and inquired context to my point of view that I decipher here in this last term and I want to thank all my dear and illustrious friends and that life can tell us how long we will have to prove our lives and existences.

I simply want to say that life is the sister of death since death is the sister of life and there is probably a construction term in which we are simply walking down a path that we must look for real evidence of the existence of life in mortals than in most cases we consider to build and evolve the human being who went through a metamorphosis that would really be the opposite of death by a fatality of which we see life distracted in a context of testimony of its existence and affection to cross a more different side. What we casually seek certainty about the uncertainties that naturally must have a construction that puts everything in harmony and a deconstruction that puts everything in total discontent that we call the time of return that is written in the Bible that God created heaven and sea and men have built an excellent source of their relationships with life that has always arisen in you in the context of revelation and demonstration of realities day after day by a discrepancy of time and three days everything becomes the target of circumstances of love and hate in which man can understand your needs of evolution and origin. He completed the two beginnings of the world in which God created Adam and Eve in paradise and as the Holy Bible says and committed a perdition by eating from the tree of life and were cast out

of paradise and of the world materialized in a metamorphosis in which man is a god from the very beginning that the gods built Mount Olympus and that made the human being understand his desires and thoughts, for life and death should be like a dream of entry and exit to where the world would be found in possession of pleasure and will and everyone would enjoy all the needs that life and its relativity between human beings and animals would be established a domain that would really stop everything, stop its abilities, rations, complications, understandings and actions in which man could establish a conduct or doctrine between tribes and gangs that created the world and understood what life taught and understood about death life that he should simply establish a logic of remaining intact in its nature more than probable uncertainties, more than surmountable by being formalized in a primate man between a duel with dinosaurs until the contemporary era that established an identity more similar to the deconstructions and constructions of life leaving the earth as a creative emanation of a phenomenal existence of the living being that became man, woman and animals were preserved in all ways that presumably even man could have come from the monkey as the primitive man and that the world originated from a great explosion caused by an asteroid in which destroyed the face of the earth and all began from nothing as well as it is said the world originated from a great explosion in which the universe was densely hot and all were formalized particles and atoms in which life on earth was formed by establishing humans and animals in which the word of God originates as the emanation of events from a bond that we can simply say we were built and formalized into an alchemy more focused on wormwood, for the essence would have assumed the form of a serpent as the world improved

within a natural harmonization of nature between four building elements that emanate life in air, water, earth and fire, in which their genes can formalize an atom and a logic in which matter would be part of everything and in every minor fraction of an element what atomic particles would be or would be in a short interval of time in which they would form into an atomic body called an atom between time and space, the universe would become increasingly between spaces leaving everything and creating everything related to an escape from planetary life and its outgoing and incoming devices as creation and destruction in which god would be a homogeneous factor of the universe and omnipotent of all the things in which they were created. Context of construction and destruction with god among the various questions of clairvoyance between life as light, as emanation of life and hatred as destruction of death, also known as the devil representing the flames, the eternal fire of god emanated by the devil who is God himself in the form of light in the representation of life that presumably never disappeared and always resurrected in all things of paradise that would be a starting point for all souls in which we formalize ourselves as heaven and hell and would be the dark side of life that symbolizes the devil in which will lead souls to purgatory as a death penalty and the sin of life and death and the world would not want another course of action established, but only heaven and hell as a representation of life and death, then a god as there was only one god and the devil who in two ways would establish one as the world also originated as a great explosion that emits and escapes while everything was formed and formalized leaving the earth a place to live and die in which two spheres show us more that the greatest sin is not to believe in God and salvation would be to believe in God the Almighty Creator of heaven and earth in which life always in us

revealed its mysteries between the depths of heaven and earth, of earth that has always rebelled for various purposes of light and darkness and life has become something superlative about a lavish nature that has always formalized us by its existence and subsistence in which they are known as good and bad becoming all in light and dark, life becomes something like a circle in which we can live and die as the construction and destruction of life by the evil of death that is dark and cold as life would be more subtle by being light, white and concerns the alchemy of a phenomenal existence in which we can symbolize its ability, complicity and construction in an emanation of time and space in which the universe can always expand its vibrating flows and knobs and expands by itself being dense and destroying itself, becoming ever denser than an atmosphere warmer than the earth that forms in all respects a forgotten space where the hours, minutes and seconds are added in a smaller fraction of the time formed in atoms and which gives more spatiality to their dimensions. I mean that life is the sister of death since death is the sister of life that probably existed and a constructive term that we are simply following a path that we must seek real evidence of the existence of life in mortals that in the most thoughtful way of constructing, destroying and evolving the human being has gone through a metamorphosis that would really be the opposite of death a fatality in which we see distracted life in a context of witness of its existence and affection to cross a more different side that casually seek certainty about the uncertainties that naturally must have a construction that puts everything in harmony and deconstruction that puts everything in total behavior we call the time round live and certainly prevail in real life or die.

And with a simple idea I want to witness everything that God has done as perhaps a fabulous calendar of construction and that everything can be contained in a magic circle in which everyone has always followed as a source, circuit or energy, world and that we can find the paradise of the losers and dreamers and everything is in a context in which everything that God created has also done in relation to its relevance, pulsations and extensions in which we cannot doubt the hidden aspects and that everything and everything was always in your image as God always created you because it was God who created you.

We find a number of words above a term that in my philosophy everything God creates with love is built with a feeling about the living nature of a being who would be more eager to understand it because in it everything is clearer. The sunlight that shows us on the positive side of life and the beautiful things to which we cling and to which we simply do not cling because it is made of hatred that is above every void that breaks the human inability to be happy or love someone in life who simply is not enlightened before God because they have falls of divine nature that cannot be compared to the true being that God created and created in all things in paradise that we could not deceive him with the negative uncertainties that isolate the life of God. Soft light before God that is in all the deep things and at altitudes that one day we will be able to understand his space and his time in our realities that are not as extensive as there is no light in our way of thinking that dominates any unexpected feeling in life, we may not have understood his love and existence in our lives because in all that God did he created the paradise of the failed and ashamed that he turned away from evil by the truth that can not

remain silent, invisible about everything God created in the land of obstinate and uncertain men of compassion and controversial about an unfaithful desire that perhaps a child humanly bring this love to be more alive in the electricity that consoles our thoughts and makes us believe that the world is perfect and that we can still be happy and that perhaps we can remain constructively intact under the pretexts of God that have made us enlightened by the fury of love of the teachings that love us and make us love what is beautiful to see and feel pleasure because life would simply be a sounding box where its rhythm can melody us with all the positive forms and forces of life that never bend Works that open behind the light of day trying to forget the fear of darkness that afflicts innocent people that they still need to know the world as it is beautiful and perfect because God made you in all aspects that have not been destroyed and that you feel at ease with the truth of the loves that have not been absorbed by God or that any anonymity could have been prescribed by God's word as they say that angels are more cautious in staying alive and with the transformation of God's existence and mortals that are consumed by the madness, farce, emotional illusion that have angered the minds of men who have not yet understood to simplify their love of life as loving God for all things inevitable and inevitable together we can always unite because it was God who created you and the stars of life. Heaven as perhaps an anger that one day we can thank and ask you to be faithful to it as a straight arrow, without deviation that can not be of our irrepressible nature in the world that can and becomes an illusion for the weaker without love who can feel its effect of the flower of paradise that we will always find what we are looking for because we simply learn to love and hate ourselves and consolidate in

all aspects of being happy for many years in which life is pulsating and creative of some devices that remains and that one day we will understand their pleasures and all that God created because we are children of God and we experience the light of life in our eyes and faces that show us how beautiful we are and strengthen ourselves in our memories that we witness our love for life while we pacify in the material planes the seeds that we simply keep in the soul of our thoughts that are completed in the forms and achievements we achieve in life as a state of time in the occasion of thanksgiving that we learn to appreciate life that afflicts the absurdity of youth and we see that everything that God created would be perfect We are similar to God and in my philosophy I just want to say that if it was God who made us we are innate or homogenous that by the anonymity of the hidden affections we could complete ourselves with the love he made us because we would not be alive to be happy with some inferior indifference of his nature that remains for how long without any unfavorable expression to the one affection that made us greater than we are like the love that perhaps we can not say of no or nothing inferior in another that is simplified in the divine theory that everything God created was with love and we learned of life less or more with his artifacts to evaluate what God did because we would not be so small and great in the hand that we completed to his image and love that we can never be small in all the hidden affections that unleash the pure realistic compassion of living, loving and being happy because in a few years or perhaps millennia of the depths of our souls, someday we will find ourselves free from hell in paradise.

Life and death would certainly be sisters of a contradiction in which

we simplify everything that life formalizes us perhaps in which everything can have deaths as if there is life in which there is also life and also there is death that we do not want and simply say that the world was created by construction representing good with light, love and life, just as the world was destroyed by deconstruction in representing evil with darkness hatred and death left life and death as a setback for an emanation of return in which God can be contained and indivisible between the two terms classified as life and death and just as an explanation of life and death would also be logical for life to be love and death to be hatred and hate are more than a term that is life.

Everything is in perfect union and in all existence not with its rhythm that makes us say that we are alive today and perhaps tomorrow we would die for something generated by destiny traced by death that in life continues to tirelessly destroy people different from different places of the world. A sum of points that life will not connect with the same sum that life must create being all in a natural equality in which we assume our commitments to the realities of life and we will not be afraid of the negative death that walks and undoes everything in life in which God creates in a sovereign equality of one day each thing joins the same dust for another time to begin with any other life.

Whether you are poor or rich will make no distinction between this problem that we must be aware of and whether we deal with a mission of peace, health and love towards our neighbors who accompany every second of our lives and every day as we follow and learn to preserve the environment. Our lives and yes, we will always be alive with our families, relatives and friendly people who love us so much

how much we love and feel their passages forever when their time comes and we will pay our charities with gratitude and love for their journey to paradise, whatever this heaven or hell is and may God protect them from all evil.

Life with its vital white color shows us a paradise full of love and health in which we laugh and cry of joy and learn to love and hate everything by a sentimental notion of our life and death with its lifeless black color shows us a dark place where you go to the other side of life and we can even meet and it's all about the measurements of the borders where heaven and hell is and maybe one day we can meet and be happy together somewhere and talk about the past and those memories remains in our mind and we will want to realize some fantasy even if they have passed and we can find it and make it in a matter of love and friendship.

I know that it is very difficult to understand life and death because they are sisters and have an inequality in a sketch of life to persist with their rhythms among human beings and always leave us curious and surprised with their changes in our paths that are short for a long time so that one day we can wash our souls and forgive our mistakes until the angels reach God in heavenly paradise and everyone is prepared.

I simply don't believe in death because I think nothing in this world dies because it's just the beginning of another life where we can say that we are free and we have no imperfections in our lives and that life will show us better how we are outside our world and we could be even better at how we identify with our souls and everything will be in perfect harmony and the fear of death will not exist

more and we will not feel any imperfection in opposition to death that will simply be life in the same way, the pulsating universe always gives life and at the same time destroys them all in a smaller fraction of the best atom and Together we can think that one day our lives will not be lost and we will be masters of an immortal time and that we will always remain alive for a long time. This is on a supernatural level and we can say clearly that we can make life a combination of things that we may not be able to do here and that we are totally free.

I love life as much as life loves me and they are always in perfect harmony with me and heaven could one day be our home, we will live an eternal life and we will be able to complete our understandings that can lead us to heaven or the universe!

É as you say that in life there are two factors that destroy us with the benign and evil force that nature offers us and establishes a resemblance to the impulses created by a certain existence as a retreat of light and darkness. Those who need and make us suffer in all life an inequality of life that afflicts man in his conscious and unconscious state that in simple circumstances his will, desire, love and hate do not have affective normality of moral character and personal conduct that is socialized about their emotional effects that make you live according to their life or delicate human nature that always seeks an answer in time when everything remains for a fraction of a second due to the difficult occasion of destinies that compromise us by factors incomparable to the hard and real reality of our lives.

From a great perspective, it is said that love is the key to well-being

of relationships that by nature is more friendly and makes us understand how we are friends and all are perfect for the equality of the good that is present in a benevolent circle that will show us how we will always have and always prosper with an evolutionary and future discipline at a stage in which we will never forget our values and compassion for our lives, always strengthened by false human bonds created by a precarious and suffering society with the bankrupt, attributes and related to life that make us die and suffer misery, failure and madness by the useless fact of good and evil that are two questionable factors that double on a vast occasion and personal relationships that make us react in a mind that was born empowered and burnt by the negative darkness of life against the positive light of life that is the good of love transferred from the fantasies and illusions of material experience in the full life of a being who feels and keeps in mind all the personal and moral brotherhood of a world characterized by good and evil that we call love and hate that brings happiness and emotional hell realized by relationships and projections of life that is the existence of light, which means love for others and death that is the existence of darkness that means hatred for others, that passes through everything through a formality of life on earth and in the universe in a drive of construction and destruction that ended up creating a moral purpose that served our souls on earth and in heaven as an excitation It has the vibration of all circumstances generated and created by all occasions of life in a positive and negative process that in everything and with everything represented love transformed into hate and they always try to love so much to hate if they represent the transformed hatred and passionate for evil that also tried to always hate love representing love transformed into hatred for good that never failed to understand and never understand the true

case and the possibility of nature itself, of existence and of non-existence that complete life between two comparable and incomparable desires that you call spaced from a base and a relationship of nature on earth and in heaven and in science there are no limits and the sciences are for everything that has always shown us the most complex true identity of an infinite parallel of a great understanding of the combat reaction built and destroyed by a complete evolutionary reality of life as a daily way to be the lower plexus to the higher one that has always joined one to give the best suggestion and lifestyle to a human being.

In the male name, love means strong affection for another person, born of ties of consanguinity or social relations. Attraction based on sexual desire. In the male name, hate means intense aversion, motivated by fear, anger or injury; hideous. The person or thing hated.

There is also heaven and hell which in religiosity are two representations of two paths and spiritual planes which represent the clear side of life which is good according to divine love or personal good intention which comes from within itself, for there is the dark side of life which is evil according to demonic hatred or the personal intention of evil, rather than coming from a negative revulsion of life which would lead nowhere. The mere circumstance of life would be weakened to the sudden failure in life clearly differentiated from the clear good intention of life which is the good that distorts the dark side of life and when that question is not itself the dark path of evil is hatred that causes death itself in a simplified way, its purpose as mental law and logical issues of life.

There are ways that reveal an infinity of moral concepts that in the recovery of life we benefit from the body and the soul through a constructive infinity that reminds us that we are spiritual beings who suffer these discharges of subtle energy from our souls due to uncontrolled factors that lead us to the ends most inclined to react against the harsh and severe realities of life that oppress our nerves and break our fundamental consciences into a logical and poorly reconstructed contraction by various emotional declinations that make us compromise the social well-being that it offers us to see, live and understand the struggle for the survival of this informed or poorly built good between an emotional plane in a world in which is biased and we learn to live and understand the best demand for love and hate that are in two perfect combinations that make it impossible for us to see the positive side that is the good of life and the dark side that is the old adopted the evil of life in a fraternity untainted by a feeling oppressed by the circumstances generated by life itself remaining in everything subject to love and hate.

Life is a very broad concept and allows for several definitions. It can refer to the continuous process of which living beings are part; the time between conception and death of an organism under the condition of an entity that was born and has not yet died and what makes a living being metaphysically, life is a continuous process of relationships. As simple as it may seem, it is still very difficult for scientists to define life clearly. Many philosophers try to call it a "phenomenon that animates matter". In general, an entity is traditionally considered a living being if it shows all of the following characteristics:

The name at least once during its existence, Development: going through several distinct and sequential stages, from conception to death.

1. Growth: absorption and cumulative reorganization of matter from the environment; with the excretion of excess and "unwanted" products.

2. Movement: inside the house (cellular dynamics), accompanied or not by locomotion in the environment.

3. Reproduction: the ability to generate an entity similar to itself.

4. Stimulus response: ability to "feel" and assess the properties of the environment and to act selectively in response to possible changes in these conditions.

5. Evolution: the ability of successive generations to transform and adapt gradually to the environment.

These criteria have their uses, but their different nature makes them unsatisfactory from more than one perspective; in fact, it is not difficult to find an example, as well as examples that require further processing. For example, according to the above criteria, fire can be said to have life.

Such a situation could easily be solved by adding the requirement of spatial limitation, which is the presence of a mechanism that delimits the spatial extent of the living being, for example, the cell membrane in typical living beings. This approach resolves the case of fire, but it also leads to new problems, such as defining an individual in organisms such as most fungi and some herbaceous plants, and

it does not solve the problem definitively, as it can still be said that:

• the stars are alive, for reasons that are still similar to those of fire.

• geodes can also be considered living beings.

• Viruses and the like are not living beings because they do not grow and cannot reproduce outside the host cell; housing extends to many external parasites.

If we limit ourselves to "conventional" organisms, some additional criteria may be considered in search of a more precise definition:

1. Presence of molecular components such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.

2. Composition of one or more cells.

3. Maintenance of homeostasis.

4. Speciation ability.

However, even in such cases, some impasses would still be detected. For example, all life on Earth is based on the chemistry of carbon compounds, called organic chemistry. Some argue that this should be the case for all possible life forms in the universe; others describe this position as carbon chauvinism, considering, for example, the possibility of a silicon-based life.

Multiple Configurations

The definition of "life" by Francisco Varela and Humberto Maturana (widely used by Lynn Margulis) is that of an autopoetic system to the

water-based (self-generating), lipoprotein limits, carbon metabolism, nucleic acid replication and protein regulation, a system of lower negative returns subordinated to a higher positive return. Stuart Kauffman defines it as an agent or a system of autonomous agents capable of reproducing and completing at least one thermodynamic work cycle.

Robert Pirsig's definition can be found in his book Lila: An Inquiry into Morals, as anything that maximizes his range of future possibilities, that is, anything that makes decisions that translate into more possible futures or keeps so many options open.

Biochemists have defined life as a set of molecules that, in their mutual interactions, develop a program of self-regulation whose end result is the perpetuation of the same collection of molecules. A dynamic equilibrium that, in the exchange of matter and energy with the environment, allows for the reduction of entropy. There are probably more possibilities to define life, as it can be conceptualized based on the meaning attributed to "life".

Modified descent: a useful feature

A useful feature on which to base a definition of life is that of modified children: the ability of a given life form to generate offspring similar to parents, but with the possibility of some variations due to chance.

Modified children are sufficient in themselves to allow evolution, provided that the variation between the children gives different probabilities of survival. The study of this form of heritage seen in nature is

called genetics. In all known excluded life forms and prisons that are not considered living beings, although viruses and viroids are included, the classification is still uncertain: the genetic material consists mainly of DNA or another common nucleic acid, RNA.

A criticism of this criterion arises when one considers the code of some forms of viruses and computer programs structured by means of genetic programming: the question of computer programs can be considered a living being, given this definition, is certainly a controversial topic.

Exceptions to the common definition

Many organisms are unable to reproduce and are still living beings, such as mules and worker ants. However, these exceptions can be taken into account by applying the definition of life at the species or level of a single gene. However, new questions about this approach are inevitable when considering specific topics, such as kin selection, which provides more information about the possibility that nonreproductive individuals may, however, increase the dispersion of their genes and the survival of their tension.

As for the two cases in which fire and stars adapt to the definition of life, both can be easily solved by defining metabolism in a more biochemically precise way. In their book Fundamentals of Biochemistry, Donald and Judith Voet define metabolism as follows:

"Metabolism is the general process by which living systems acquire and use the free energy needed to perform their various

functions. They do this by combining the exoenergic reactions of the oxidation of nutrients with the endergic processes necessary to maintain it. state of life, such as the execution of mechanical works, the active transport of molecules against concentration gradients and the biosynthesis of complex molecules."

This definition, used by most biochemists, makes it clear that the fire is not alive, as it releases all the oxidative energy from its fuel in an "explosive" reaction, in the form of heat.

Viruses reproduce, flames grow, machines move, some computer programs change, evolve, and, in the future, are likely to exhibit highly complex behaviors; however, they are not living beings through this definition. On the other hand, at the origin of life, cells with more metabolism can exist without a reproductive system. Most, however, do not consider these entities to be living beings, and generally all five characteristics must be present for a being to be considered alive.

Modern biological definition

À in the light of that dead end, in the light of the most up-to-date definition and separately,

proposals that are not corroborated in fact know that, biologically, life is a natural phenomenon that can be described as a continuous process of metabolic chemical reactions occurring in an evolutionarily structured environment to facilitate the occurrence and maintenance of such reactions; always produced under the direct or indirect control of a group of special molecules, deoxyribonucleic acids or simply DNA.

The presence of DNA or, "equivalently", RNA is currently

a necessary condition for the definition of a living being, however, it has still been discussed whether the presence of a potentially functional form of this molecule is a sufficient condition for defining it. . The classification of viruses as living or not is uncertain.

Life in a religious context

The concept of life is known enough not to go unnoticed by the religious. It is based on the principle of the life or existence of the soul (in Christian belief, being exclusive to man); on the animated existence (of the Latin word anima) in chance; or the duration of the animated existence of an individual or entity.

From the Christian point of view, in the biblical case, as to terrestrial and physical life, things that have life, in general, have the capacity for growth, metabolism, reaction to external stimuli and reproduction. The Hebrew word used in the Bible and the Greek word, the Hebrew word and the Greek term meaning "soul" are also used to refer to life, not in an abstract sense, but to life as a person or animal. Compare the words "soul" and "life" as used in the Book of Job, chapter 10, verse 1; Psalms, chapter 66, verse 9; Book of Proverbs, chapter 3, verse 22. According to the Bible, vegetation has life, operating in it the beginning of life, but not life as a soul. Life, in the broadest sense, applied to intelligent beings, is the perfect existence that takes the name of the soul. The concept within religious faith, however, transcends modern science and biology, without any support of any modern scientific nature that corroborates the existence of the soul. Animism has long been rejected by science in this case.

Origin of life

The origin of life raises scientific, religious and philosophical questions.

There is still no consensus model for the origin of life, but most currently accepted models are based in one way or another on the following results:

1. Plausible probiotic conditions lead to the creation of the simplest organic molecules demonstrated by the Urey-Miller experiment.

2. Phospholipids spontaneously form double layers, the basic structure of the cell membrane.

3. The processes for the random production of RNA molecules can produce ribozymes capable of replicating under certain conditions.

4. The tree of life converges all known living things into a single common point of origin.

There are many different hypotheses in the path traveled by simple organic molecules to protocells and metabolism. Most possibilities tend towards gene primacy or metabolism; a recent trend is to look for hybrid models that combine aspects of both approaches.

According to astronomer and astrophysicist Thomas Gold, the theory of the deep, hot biosphere indicates that there is clear evidence that microbial life is extremely widespread in the depths of the Earth's crust. According to this theory, life has been identified at various locations on the ocean floor, linked to primordial emanations of gas. This life does not depend on solar energy and photosynthesis as the main source of energy supply and is essentially independent of the circumstances of the Earth's surface. Your power supply

comes from chemical sources, due to upward fluids, coming from deeper levels on Earth. The unicellular beings that live in such environments are now classified in their Super-realm, the Arcaea, and may well protect the mechanisms that gave rise to the first living beings.

According to the theory, in mass and volume this deep biosphere can be comparable to all surface life. Such a microbial life could, in principle, explain the presence of biological molecules in all carbonaceous materials in the crust, and considering that these materials come entirely from surface-accumulated biological deposits, it would therefore not necessarily be valid.

Known life in general can also be found within the planetary bodies of our Solar System or even in isolated objects that wander through interstellar space; for many of them have suitable conditions for this to happen as those found in certain situations here on earth, while still constituting totally inhospitable environments on their surface for almost all living beings. It can also be speculated that the only alternative is for life to be widely distributed in the universe, inhabiting planetary bodies in our solar system to other star systems. Today, it is known that our periodic table is responsible for describing all the chemistry of the universe.

Life as we know it is based on carbon and water and energy is usually obtained by the presence of oxygen, either free in the air or released by the reduction of compounds such as oxides, sulfates and others. Carbon sources are related to primordial hydrocarbons, in particular methane. These primordial substances are

They are widely distributed in the universe and, considering that the processes that gave rise to them occurred only here on Earth, are for many, in these terms, at least very pretentious. An extension of this topic leads to the panspermia hypothesis.

However, beyond speculation, in fact, however, life as almost certainly was born and certainly evolves on Earth. According to physicist Marcelo Gleiser in his book "Creation imperfect", life appeared on Earth about 4 billion years ago. The earliest fossil record of life dates back to the stromatolites formed in the Paleoarchean era of the Arquean Eon, about 3.43 billion years ago.

Nature, in its broadest sense, is equivalent to the "natural world" or "physical universe". The term "nature" refers to the phenomena of the physical world and also to life in general. It usually does not include man-made objects.

The word "nature" derives from the Latin word nature, meaning "essential quality, innate disposition, course of things, and the universe itself". Nature is the Latin translation of the Greek word physis, which in its original meaning refers to the innate form of plants and animals growing spontaneously. The concept of nature as a whole - the physical universe - is a newer concept that has become increasingly widely used with the development of modern scientific method in recent centuries. Within the various current uses of this word, "nature" may refer to the general mastery of different types of living things, such as plants and animals, and in some cases to the processes associated with inanimate objects - the way in which the different particular types of things and their spontaneous changes, as well as the

climate, the geology of the Earth and the matter and energy these beings possess. It is often considered a "natural environment, wild animals, rocks, forests, beaches and, in general, all things that have not been substantially modified by man or that persist despite human intervention. This more traditional concept of natural things implies a distinction between natural and artificial, the latter understood as something created by a mind or consciousness.

Etymology

Latin, nature, comp. of the natus theme, p.pass. of Nascere = Nascere and Urus = Suffix of the future participle of Oritur = Levant, generate, the force that generates.

What happens, what happens from birth. What it is and does by birth, according to the universal laws applied to a specific context. Order or system of laws that precede the existence of things and the succession of beings. The set of all beings that make up the universe. Essence and intrinsic quality of a being. Also understood as "quality, nature, genius, type, character" of a being.

Life

A paw with its puppies

Although there is no universal consensus on the definition of life, scientists generally accept that the biological manifestation of life is characterized by the following factors or functions: organization, metabolism, growth, adaptation, response to stimuli and reproduction, living beings (plant kingdoms) (animals, fungi, protists, archaea and bacteria) have these properties in common: they are made up of cells that have a complex organization

based on the metabolism of water and carbon and have the capacity to grow, respond to stimuli and reproduce. Therefore, an entity that satisfies these properties is considered alive.

The biosphere is the part of the outermost layer of the planet Earth, including air, earth, surface rocks, and water, and it is in this part that life evolved and biotic processes are made and transformed. From a very broad view of geophysics, the biosphere is the global ecological system that integrates all living beings and their relationships, including their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere (rocks), the hydrosphere (water) and the atmosphere (air). Currently, it is estimated that the Earth contains about 75 billion tons (7.5 kg x 1013) of biomass, present in various environments of the biosphere. About nine-tenths of the Earth's total biomass is plant life, on which animal life depends on survival. To date, more than 2 million species of plants and animals have been identified and estimates of the actual number of existing species range from a few million to a maximum of 50 million species. The number of existing species varies constantly, as new ones appear and others cease to exist in a continuous dynamic. Currently, the total number of species is undergoing a rapid decline.

I simply want to say that life is the sister of death since death is the sister of life; there is probably a construction term in which we are simply walking a path that we must look for real evidence of the existence of life in mortals than in most cases we consider to build, destroy and evolve the human being who has undergone a metamorphosis that would really be the opposite of death by a fatality of which we see life distracted in a context of testimony of its existence and affection to cross a

On a more different side what casually we seek certainty about the uncertainties that naturally must have a construction that puts everything in harmony and a deconstruction that puts everything in total discontent that we call the return time that is written in the Bible that God created heaven and sea and men have built an excellent source of their relationships with life that has always arisen in you in the context of revelation and demonstration of realities day after day that by a discrepancy of time and three days everything becomes the target of circumstances of love and hate in which man can understand their needs of evolution and origin. He completed the beginning of the world in which God created Adam and Eve in paradise and how the Holy Bible says they committed a perdition by eating from the tree of life and were expelled from paradise and the world materialized in a metamorphosis in which man is a god from the beginning that the gods built Mount Olympus and that made the human being understand their desires and thoughts, for life and death should be like a dream of entry and exit to where the world would be found in possession of pleasure and will and everyone would enjoy all the needs that life and its relativity, if between human beings and animals, were to establish a domain that would really stop and everything, He would go to his skills, rations, complications, understandings and actions in which man could establish a conduct or doctrine between tribes and gangs who formed the world and understood what life is.

He taught and understood about death and life that simply should establish a logic of remaining intact in their nature more than likely, uncertainties more than overcome by being formalized in a primate man between a duel with dinosaurs until the contemporary era that established a

identity more similar to the deconstructions and constructions of life leaving the earth as a creative emanation of a phenomenal existence of the living being that became man, woman and animals were preserved in all modalities that presumably man could also have come from the monkey as primitive man and that the world originated from a large explosion caused by an asteroid in which he destroyed the face of the earth and everything began out of nowhere, as well as being said that the world originated from a large explosion in which the universe was densely hot and that everything was formalized atoms in atoms in which life was formed on earth, establishing human beings and animals in which the word of god was born as an emanation from events of a bond that we can simply say we were built and formalized into an alchemy more focused on wormwood, because the essence would have the shape of a snake as the world improved within a natural harmonization of nature between four building elements that emanate life in the air, in water, on earth and in fire, in which their genes can formalize us into an atom and a logic in which matter would be part of everything and into a smaller fraction of an element in which atomic particles would be or would be in a small time interval in which they would form into an atomic body called the atom between time and space, the universe would always become more between spaces. leaving everything and creating everything in an escape from planetary life and its output and input devices as creation and destruction, in which god would be a homogeneous factor of the universe and/or omnipotent of all things in which they were created in a context of construction and destruction, being god among the various questions of clairvoyance between life as light, as emanation of life and hatred as destruction of death, also known as the devil representing the flames, the eternal fire of God emanated by the devil who

é God himself in the form of light, which represents life that presumably never disappeared and always the things of paradise that would be a starting point for all souls in which we formalize how heaven and hell would be the dark side of life, symbolizing the devil in which he would lead the lamas to purgatory as a death penalty and sin over life and death and the world would not have established another conduct, but heaven and i hell as a representation of life and death between a single god, for there was only one god and the devil who, in two ways, would have established one as the world was also born as a god An explosion that spreads and escapes everything has been formed and formalized, leaving the Earth a place to live and die where the two spheres show us another greater sin and do not believe in God and salvation would be to believe in God, the Almighty Creator of heaven and earth in which life has always revealed to us its mysteries between the depths of heaven and earth that has always rebelled against various purposes of light and darkness with life being something superlative a prodigious nature that has always formalized us by its existence and subsistence, in which they are known as good and evil, becoming all in the light and dark with life that becomes something like a circle in which we can live and die as the and destruction of life because of death that

é dark and cold when life would be more subtle because it is clear and white and everything is related to an alchemy of a phenomenal existence in which we can symbolize its capacity, complicity and construction in an emanation of time and space, as the universe can always expand its vibratory and pulsating flows and expands to be subtle and destroy itself always being dense in an atmosphere warmer than Earth that is formed in all aspects, a forgotten space in which the hours, minutes and seconds are added in a fraction of time

smaller, forming atoms and giving more and more space to their dimensions. I mean that life is mother's sister or as death is life's sister, there is probably a construction term that we are simply walking a path in which we must search for real evidence of the existence of life in mortals than in the most thoughtful way of construction, construction and evolution that l the human being went through a metamorphosis that would really be the opposite of dying from a fatality of which we see distracted life in a context of witness omnianza of its existence and affection to cross a more different side, that casually seek certainties about the uncertainties that naturally must have a construction that puts everything in harmony and a deconstruction that puts everything in total displeasure Let's return time where we can certainly live and certainly prevail over real life.

Perhaps we are living or passing a story that today we can fully understand its fuller value that distinguishes us from perceiving perhaps between the love that makes us hate and the love for a feeling that we can try and that our feelings go unnoticed to love actually a woman with whom we still predominate our desires in certain things that we dream about and we think that there is little or more performance between our desires that we are learning today to conquer life and perhaps we are still precarious in our desire to achieve something that gives us pleasure in certain circumstances where we say well that we can master something that favors us between maybe our will and that there may be indifference between the love of a woman that simply makes us love their existence better than we do and that we have gone unnoticed an undue will to prevail over a duel that, in the past, likes

of himself, he says that the ancients called and cost between certain forms of I love and I die for love between struggle and despair to find a real explanation between the conquest of facing a woman and between their prejudices and eyes of organization that perhaps we can say that all were attracted by the fury of the overwhelming desire that makes us support that all fell together in that moment in which we are attracted by the will and beauty of a real woman even though we are different in relation to our love that we sigh of hatred for suspecting the truth that we want to contain only among them in the middle of a catastrophic world and we prevent that we suffer maybe a little social harm and convivial, which be teaching us to find a more desirable response to our courage that one day we can understand the sentimental strength of a woman who shows us and makes us enjoy our disabilities without feeling pain because we are among the desires that the love of a woman who makes us love body and soul and who would simply lead us to the soft and incomparable paradise that would hold our hearts by force, this would change biologically in relation to our organic functions that would only enter those between the two things that would seem like paradise would fill more than sentimentally our voids as a cure that makes man groan without feeling pain as an expression of healing for love amid a desire that we can one day understand about love, it's enough that nothing in this world covers us between certain fantasies that make us realize our desires that we always evaluate a woman and her predominant aspects as reflections of an adventurous life that makes us know certain paths that keep us from our consciences that society will always end, is discriminated against among poor women fired by uncertain men who can still improve a real woman more than ever,

never say goodbye to their fun, because they are among many undesirable people, even if they are all equal and show us their value that only makes us moan. without feeling pain and that we can see and see what their faces mean to us, within the soul as an emotional fluid that we lack, makes us darken and we fall between the feminine eyes of her while we are attracted by her nature and her physical beauty that we will never forget and leave behind a margin in which one day we will be able to understand her greatness. Motive between a desire for love that makes us moan with that desire in a feminist aspect in which it makes us moan without feeling pain.

I want to talk about a past that dominates us in a context that simplifies love for the magnificent pleasure of a woman in which we tell multiple stories even in songs that the lush, mischievous man is not limited to the pleasure of a woman in which her hatred becomes scary, for it shows that her emotions are under the spell of preserving her love that perhaps we can say that we are learning to live and love again with an effect that makes us feel divided between emotional means in which almost all of this makes us die over the domains of life in which we take as key of existence the sheer beauty and delicacy of a beautiful woman who may not have pleasure and who has turned into a resistance of love and pleasure pleasure would be justified by a classification in which we suppose to be free incapacity of a charm that we can fantasize about certain people who can only make us gain what we are looking for and that this thing can match us and what it does for us was to understand and truly its value from the depths of the soul in which it transcended us to a process in which we can remove the true feeling of pain, no matter how much we are not combined in

The same existence and that everything will lead us to the pleasure in which we enjoy this honest fraction of our wills without feeling pain as an expression of this music that the woman has in her face two brilliant, because it reflects us as a soul and calls our wills and that we can enjoy this paradise that we dispense with everything in life now, when we can say that we make love and leave behind the setbacks that rub us in life and enjoy the pleasure of the flesh without feeling pain and we will remain together in two faces that can unite forever in life.

It starts with a confrontation between Greeks and Trojans by Elena Menelaus's wife who tells the story of a wooden horse that ended a ten-year war. Young woman. Beautiful and capricious makes a man moan without feeling pain.

Alexander inhuman figure founder of the famous Alexandria conquered in Greece and destroyed almost all the population of Thebana, the attractive beauty of Roxana dominated the greatest conqueror and after winning was the winner and gave himself to pay more than the young beautiful, young woman, beautiful and loving makes the man moan without feeling pain, the woman has two faces when two years of his destinies who does not like the female smile does not know the poetry of Cervantes, the courage of the great navigators in front of him to heaven under his care, if it were not the flower of Maus the story would be a lie, a beautiful and affectionate young woman makes the man moan affectionate and affectionate makes the man moan makes the man moan heartless Virgulino Ferreira the bandoleiro Lampião of the jungles of the northeast without fear of danger or ruin he was the king of the cangaço of the backlands but another day felt the attractive love in his heart the mulatto of the land of the condor dominated a dangerous beast, beautiful and loving

young woman makes a man moan without feeling pain. Being a lush, mischievous man is not limited to

a woman's pleasure in which her hatred becomes frightening, for it shows that her emotions are under the spell of preserving her love that perhaps we can say that we are learning to live and live. To love again in an effect that makes us feel divided between emotional means in which almost everything makes us die in the realms of life in which we take as the key of existence the sheer beauty and delicacy of a beautiful woman who may not have pleasure and that everything has changed with respect to the resistance of love and pleasure, in which enjoyment would be justified by a classification in which we suppose to be free of incapacity in a charm that we can fantasize about certain people who can simply make us gain what we seek and that thing can equate us and that makes us really understand its value from the depths of the soul in which it has transcended us in a process in which we can remove the true detours The days of pain, no matter how united we are in the same existence and that everything will lead us to the pleasure in which this honest fraction we enjoy our wills without feeling pain as an expression of this music that woman has in her face two brilliant to reflect as soul and call our will and that we can enjoy this paradise that we give up everything in life at that moment in which we can say that we make love and leave the setbacks that rub us in life and enjoy the pleasure of the flesh without trying pain and we will remain together in two faces that can meet eternally in life. I simply want to say that life is the sister of death, since death is the sister of life; there is probably a construction term in which we are simply walking down a path in which we must look for real evidence of the existence of life in mortals rather than in most cases. Considered to build, destroy and evolve, the human being underwent a metamorphosis that would be the opposite of dying from a fatality that

we see the distracted life in a context of testimony of its existence and affection to cross a more different side that we casually seek. Surplus of certainties the uncertainties that naturally must have a construction that puts everything in harmony as well as a deconstruction that puts everything in total discontent that we call the time of return that is written in the Bible that God created heaven and sea and men have built a source very well with regard to their relations with the life that are always emanated by us in a context of revelation and showing us the realities of the day in which by lack of time and three days everything becomes the target of circumstances of love and hate in which man can understand and understand their needs of evolution and origin that have completed it ten since the beginning of the world in which God created Adam and Eve in As the Holy Bible says and committed a perdition to eat from the tree of life and were expelled from paradise and the world materialized in a metamorphosis in which man is a god from the beginning that the gods built Mount Olympus and that made the human being understand his desires and thoughts as life and death should be as a dream of entry and exit in which we would find in the world a set of religious doctrines of a syncretic, mystical and initiative nature, possibly added to philosophical reflections that seek the knowledge of divinity to achieve the spiritual elevation of man surely well in his life.

We really need to spread a simple idea where man can tell us what we are and where we're going and that space would be a place to make us think and understand about various atomic aspects that in turn made us more physical among several ideas that can remake us about a wide variety supposedly

equivalent to the elements that compose us and their particularities that reserve us in a nucleus called the human body that we can simply understand its dynamics and organic functions that expands upon the body, spirit and soul and we will decipher this question that by a contradictory effect we can accept its dynamics that can vary over the dense material body and the subtle spiritual body that we will prescribe as a lesson that there is a science that makes us understand called anthropology that is simply the science that is dedicated to the study of the human species in its entirety, taking into account its origin, development (physical, social, cultural),

For certain circumstances I want to speak seriously of a setback in which we can understand the development of the relativity of the organism as several functions that theoretically here there are described and put in physics as an observational work in which we can distinguish a great classification in which in metaphysics we draw great scientific evidence under any supposition in which we show a relationship of artifacts well explain under the human body and its artifacts and certain attributes related to the great development of biotechnics in reactions of all transformations between organic and functional functions of the organism as synthesis of various compositions and combinations of the metabolic system.

I for one large abbreviation want to speak primarily of the psychological part that tinkering with the mental psyche in a relativity with several parameters that debilitate a chemical process due to certain attributions of the mind by a chained impulse that a person can show a wide variety of debilitated behavior that might be precariously depressive due to a impulse and

nervous exhaustion that makes it difficult and makes you sensitive to the normal behavior of your emotions due to any plots as a depressions by a simple suffering that conceived you ahead of a situation of distress that struggles with your emotions and turns into anguish that makes you perhaps by a mismatch enters into a state of defloration and in which he consoles himself under a self-control of reacting to various submissions that conceives him to sing, to speak nonsense that we can know that our senses can vary both positive and negative in that they favor a behavior like a dispersion of compound energies under a discipline that cannot be well related to a normal conduct due to the habit of exercising certain doctrines and proper functions of the organism when he himself finds himself depressed, dissatisfied with the needlessness of the maturing of the will that can give us good tastes as a fruit of normality that we justify by the practice that can this possesses of great loads and exercise euphoria due to a great variety of proteins that favor good mental calcifications to a measure. Calcium is important for several vital functions such as appropriate muscle contraction, regulated heartbeats and low cholesterol levels and it is important to ingest calcium also in adulthood, because we need this mineral to prevent osteoporosis, a disease that manifests itself in old age. I believe that we have to unleash various appropriations under our nervous systems because I believe that we need a very large source of proteins under all organic defenses so that we do not solidify the mental compound that we present here as a great variety of chemical formulations that complete our nervous and physical systems and the mind can be a very dispensable organ composed of various chemical formulations that have an effect

in the organism and in the body because the mind is the one that controls the body and the celebration is the physical part, that is, it is an organ that is found in the cranial cavity that represents a large quantity of neurons (cells of the nervous system) The mind represents as the immaterial and functional part of this organ. And we can understand with clairvoyance its large and variable functions in the mental and physical behavior of the human being that weakens when there is not a well exercised and composed formality of its emotions due to the exercise of baggage that makes it transit under all measures and reactions with life that can be distracted with the uncertainties of maturing that in the sum of tonality we can preserve ourselves ahead of a firmament well attributed to society and realistic life that suppose we destined ourselves for various radical purposes as we venture under a great trajectory and measures of gains or losses that necessarily can obstruct and weaken ourselves with the totality of the day and all reactions We favor failure and victory on certain occasions and social attributes that in other privilege and enthusiasm for life and so relate the celebratory functions as a vehicle of entry and exit in which we can propel ourselves more effectively to our reasoning and we will be sensible of any normality and that abnormalities can be and have come from any nervous mismatches and so is the mental system and the law of gravity that align under great aspects of the living being under the resumption of human consciousness.

systems. The various systems of the human body work together to ensure the functioning of the organism as a whole and consequently our survival.

I want to simply with my words here shows a constitutional formality of a great relativity of our body with the great universe that I tell you look almost equal and that its functions can transfer us and transmit something relative to the central system of the body as here right now we come across the great universe that is in great expansion as in the law of relativity they clearly relate to the whole of nature and man would be a small universe under a great formality of cells and organs that makes us think of each organic function as the great universe that may have originated from a great cosmic explosion and formalized life that conceives in an atom in various relationships with life among the most fearless planes of human nature It is universal that we also suppose these artifacts as a machine that we certainly could not have thought so much about their relations and functions as the computer that ranks among the or more objects very similar to the human being that we will let this part take for a great clairvoyance of life under its subsistences the monitor as a light-reflected emanator that in physics served to give image that would serve as soul, simple vision the electronic relativities sent by the great electronics of the PC that complement with the motherboard that is electronically designated with four elements called processor, source, HD and memory that we can not really have an idea more I believe we are fully involved with this machine that looks like we tell you that the source would slightly pass you a load of energy that physically

We could call it spirit, and RAM is represented by the storage of information needed for running, applications in use, and for the operation of the operating system itself, this part even makes it easier for the processor to access essential data faster. It looks like the cells in the human body passing information, and it's the body that takes the DNA out and you can see that it's all about a relationship between an electronic function that looks like human beings and you get to know it better and you conceive of it under an occupational center of information about human cells, another very similar relationship called the processor which is the central processing unit of a computer ( CPU ), it acts like a celebration of the computer, because it interacts and makes the necessary connections between all the installed programs. And it represents the celebration of the system in a very functional variety that ranks with all the installed programs as an organic vehicle passing daily information to the system of the human body when it is a human being and Much like this electronic element with the human machine and among other element we know the hard disk that is a hard disk or hard disk, popularly called also HD, mass memory or secondary memory, is the part of the computer are stored the data that when some stored file it is not lost with the shutdown of the machine as happens with RAM memory. It really is very belonging to the celebration that we have the thought and feeling that we call the subconscious that holds everything we see, we read and remember that it would be the most faithful side of the soul as the human being that we use of the subconscious consciousness to archive all the things we see and keep in our minds and it would be the physics the soul as the processor that would be the body that functions as a celebration of the

A computer that interacts and makes the necessary connections between all the installed programs. And it represents the celebration of the system in a well-functioning variety that ranks with all the installed programs as an organic vehicle passing daily information. And let's talk about another very important element called random access memory or random access memory which is a kind of memory that allows reading and writing used as the primary memory in digital electronic systems that actually makes up part of the soul by reading how much the feeling that assimilates from the senses the vision of the soul to see and see to put into practice any procedure of prescribing and stating to the understanding of information that this as a function that allows reading and passing information to the system of the machine as the human body physically shows itself in the theory of prescribing all its dilemmas and so this machine would be a great extraordinary structure as a human being who thinks, feels and sees and so we can understand all the relationships of being living between its functions and dynamics that show themselves under a fuller nature that completes us as the universe of the subtle has become denser and so life on earth has been created in an imaginary construction that proposes to us life and varieties of relationship and function with all the existences of nature.

I believe in all the circumstances of the human being that relativity is under a formality and construction of the chemical functions that always exert a great behavior under the great organic weaknesses in which we can tell you that the human body is formed by thousands of cells, which are united forming tissues, organs and systems. The various systems of the human body work together to ensure the functioning of the organism as a whole and

consequently our survival.

I simply want to make it clear here to everyone that in my logic or other people there is a human relativity as a set of ideas that formalize themselves under a great development of various organic functions that we can dedicate ourselves of body, spirit and soul at a certain moment in time when matter would be something too morbid to feed perhaps constantly on various proteins, vitamins and minerals due to certain setbacks and various ailments and deficiency of chemical and organic substances that makes us transcend under such procedures of variation and function against various diseases that develop in the organic system in that metabolism makes great transformations by being a set of living transformations that chemical substances undergo within organisms (2) The expression cellular metabolism is used in reference to the set of all reactions and functions

The chemical processes that occur in cells and I really think that this controversial reaction might perhaps have another transformation of cellular functions when we would use stem cells that have the potential to recompose damaged tissues and so help in the treatment of diseases against cancer, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and degenerative and cardiac diseases, I believe that we should pass a DNA information to analyze a cell of atoms. I believe that the human body is reconstituted by trillions of cells composed of octillions of atoms that structure themselves in highly organized ways, in tissues and organs. To maintain the balance and vitality of the organism they need to talk among themselves and this happens through chemical messengers called hormones like the hormone somatotrophin or somatotropin which is a protein and a peptide hormone synthesized and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and this hormone stimulates cell growth and reproduction in humans, other vertebrate animals and we can understand here that the stimulus in relation to bi-organic function and we see here in the genes all the particularities formed by the cells in which we can deepen better under the functions and their developments that would logically be transformation by means of syntheses We develop a more static chemistry that can be developed by accelerating in the smallest fraction of an element such as an atom in short space developing with the nuclear chemistry of spirit that vivifies each atom between neutrons, protons and electrons that constitutes our cells and so we can better understand and study the laws of relativity and functions of each element contained on the cells in which the cells of the human body are formalized and perhaps we have to study more deeply about the cells and their functions that we should certainly see the body more scientifically using their

atomic and natural elements under transmutations and transformations between particles and molecules that are formed in atoms and all this could begin in the three realms of spirit, soul and matter where we can unveil nuclear chemistry between various conceptions and transformations between certain chemical elements as a function of matter as atomic nucleus by completing its magnitudes and subtler creations in the planes of the soul in which we transform chemistry into physics being a more preliminary study in which they will be transmuted from subtle into dense forming and projecting into dense substance moving into liquid state as fifth essence and forming into matter that we naturally call atomic nucleus relativity can enter into a combination in order to exercise its functions functionally to the cellular study of each existence and substance that had passed to the centripetal state and the outputs of centrifuges of electrons, forming each atom relatively combined in a state of functions of the organism that conceives metabolism as an organic function and vital to the human being.

with life between the most fearless planes of human and universal nature that we also suppose these artifacts as a machine that we certainly could not have thought so much about its relations and functions as the computer that ranks among the or more objects very similar to the human being that we will let this part take for a great clairvoyance of life under its subsistences the monitor as a light-reflected emanator that in physics served to give image that would serve as soul, simple vision the electronic relativities sent by the great electronics of the PC that are completed with the motherboard that is designated electronically with four elements called processor, source, HD and memory that we can not really have an idea more I believe we are fully involved with this machine that looks like us telling you that the source would slightly give you a load of energy that we could physically call it spirit and the RAM memory is represented by the storage of information necessary for the execution, applications in use and for the operation of the operating system itself, this part even facilitates the processor that can access the essential data more quickly. It looks like the cells of the human body passing information, and it is with it that we take the DNA and we can see that everything is going on between two electronic functions that look like human beings and we can get to know them better and we design them under an occupational information center as to the human cells, another very similar relationship called the processor, which is the central processing unit of a computer ( CPU ), it acts like a celebration of the computer, because it interacts and makes the necessary connections between all the installed programs. And it represents the celebration of the system in a very functional variety that classifies itself with all the installed programs as one

Organic vehicle passing daily information to the system of the human body when it is a human being and it is very similar this electronic element with the human machine and between another element we know the hard disk that is a hard disk or hard disk, popularly called also HD, mass memory or secondary memory, is the part of the computer are stored the data that when some stored file it is not lost with the shutdown of the machine as happens with RAM. It really is very much part of the celebration that we have the thought and feeling that we call the subconscious that holds everything we see, read and remember that it would be the most faithful side of the soul as the human being that we use from the subconscious consciousness to archive all the things we see and store in our minds and it would be the physics of the soul as the processor that would be the body that functions as a celebration of the computer that interacts and makes necessary connections between all the installed programs. And let's talk about another very important element called random access memory or random access memory which is a kind of memory that allows reading and writing used as the primary memory in digital electronic systems that actually makes up part of the soul by reading how much the feeling that assimilates from the senses the vision of the soul to see and see to put into practice any procedure of prescribing and stating to the understanding of the information that this as a function that allows to read and pass information to the system of the machine as the human body physically shows itself in the theory of prescribing all its dilemmas and so would this machine be a great extraordinary structure as a human being that thinks, feels and sees and so

we can understand all the relationships of the living being between its functions and dynamics that show themselves under a fuller nature that completes us as the universe of the subtle has become denser and so life has been created on earth in an imaginary construction that proposes to us life and varieties of relationship and function with all the existences of nature.

I believe that all nature and existence can be relatively combining and at the same time entering a state of disintegration due to the universal formation of the universe that is when everything has turned into an act of destruction to enter a construction and metamorphosis between the laws of existence and that never the universe has stopped with its rhythm in how much its resonance would be playing always the same music and I mean that we are being led chemically by this song unless it contains us under such circumstances of life in everything has been and will be marked with time and space and so we will be half between beginning and end because the universe would always be growing with time and we just resonate to grow this nature that makes us and to die for a single and natural law that exerts totality upon all and our relations with nature may be detain time in matters of second under various

functions that we have to change by large and short intervals of time and so we classify ourselves under the natural planes of nature and we can learn their multiplication knowing it better so that from the subtle we become neutral and highlight the chemical mismatches of our existences and so the world was created and we will learn from its relativity and pulsation that we can really walk to life and find the true path and future most abysmal of all existences and I want to thank all of you from the heart for this introduction my conceptions and studies that I observed ahead of all who explained about a good part of biology and constellation of life. Embraces of the writer Roberto Barros!

I want here with a lot of love and work to show a valuable research that I have done as evidence of many studies that show here a well-defined relationship about a great role of man in biology that transcends the world of physical phenomena about the great relativity of alchemy that is called in chemistry called nuclear chemistry about every life form, resistance and existence of the human being and natural life that we call the biological study of cells about the organisms of both the human being and natural life in which we can study cells by the cosmos both spatial and mental in their variable conditions, existences, transformations and life that we can discover in their chemical functions and I want to talk about chemistry, chemical functions and chemical functions and chemical and chemical and chemical and chemical and life relativity. i think i've totaled here a great scientific relationship for everyone about all my work and research in the field of chemical functions that i explain should be used about all the work and science that i describe here with a lot of love in which i show a great relationship of science about an infinity that we can use about the true function in which

here unfold everything about biology, physics and chemistry as a great efficiency of the functions on the great development of the organic system and i want here to thank everyone and leave my best embrace and thank you very much!

I want to thank everyone for this formidable work and that everyone in my anthropology will find the most sincere answer to any attributes that are not in perfect class and I wish you all the best and thank you all!

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLANET EARTH ON VARIOUS FACTORS ABOUT THE BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTIONS OF LIFE BETWEEN ITS RELATIONS WITH NATURE

I have been studying in my conceptions a more extinct way to decipher life on a great and esteemed development of my researches about perhaps a great work very favorable that I put as a starting point all relationship and origin with life and on the great development of the universe up to the planet earth in which we can almost distinguish its atomic origin and passage between its great transformations with nature in which I explain in my dynamics that there is above us an immense space that in it were taken all transformations of the universe on the earth and as terrestrial beings that can also have a synthesis of its relationship with nature that we could classify on a great dynamic that stays on an atomic alchemy that in everything And of everything could have been born life and let's talk about a more or less static chemistry that we rarely do not understand atomically mind its probabilities that in my thinking all this is about a big one

concentration of electrons, neutrons, ions, protons and other elements that everything is about a propagation of the radio waves to places far from the earth by containing ions and electrons and the radio waves are reflected from the ionosphere which is the upper part of the Earth's atmosphere where the ionization is carried out located above the stratosphere which is the layer of the Earth's atmosphere located approximately about 11 kilometers and 50 kilometers in altitude between the troposphere and the ionosphere that makes me think about the layers of the atmosphere in rotational and translational movements that by nuclear chemistry we can see the transformation on troposphere, stratosphere, the mosphere and exosphere and they do not distribute themselves in an equal way and their distances vary according to the densities of the chemical elements and it is where it is transformed all chemistry causing an effect contradictory to the planet on the crust and soil and stones that are formalized in the construction of our planet and so we can research the dynamics of alchemy that compress themselves about a great development of the world causing a more atomic effect on life and so serious our universe that pulses and repulses about movements of rotation and translation forming by nuclear chemistry every alchemical manifestation of the atoms that turned from the water to the rocks causing a great fluid of ore and other chemical elements and the want to take space on life and the dynamics of the universe is about its functions and reactions that a nucleus can create by creating an element and giving life to space and so the earth and planets were formed and aligned on a relationship with the atomic nature of life and we can prescribe this story more or less about a great creation of life and so they combine all particles into molecules and turn into an atom in the smallest fraction of an element and we can understand life and say that chemistry goes into cyclones with

Planes matter coming from the electrical side of the spirit and combining over a dense or subtle body that a physics can unveil where everything can have started between chemical and atomic functions on the translation and rotation movements that rotate the planet and so we will be on the great development of an atom on large charges of electrons and escapes that created the planets and that is why atomic mind we can prescribe in life on their resonances.

I want to talk about the natural elements that are present in the stratosphere that are in it air for plants and animals and we can classify a geophysics as the layer of the Earth's atmosphere and assimilated into it the subtler chemistry as the soul that is subtle and formalizes between a nuclear procedure passing from the state of oxygen that between the organic functions is exerted air on the relativity of the spirit as creator of existence to whom life and everything can and turns into an oxygen atom between carbon chains and it is a chemical element of atomic number 8 and symbol We can also see the stratosphere is the second closest layer to the earth and in it is ozone gas responsible for the barriers of protection of ultraviolet rays better known as the ozone layer and also the mesosphere and characterized by being very cold and once with the part of contact with the stratosphere is a little warm mayan. Heat exchange point both and the thermosphere is the most extensive atmospheric layer and the air is scarce, so it easily absorbs solar radiation and the exosphere is the longest layer of the most and it is composed of helium gas and hydrogen in all relativity we can check about a triceps aspect that we are showing that the planet itself and its elements consist of one

extraordinary atomic weight mass in relation to nuclear with all terrestrial nature and when its chemical functions are favored by the great nuclear elements that compose the whole existence of life and I want to make it clear that if it is of the natural elements that one obtains all atomic weights and that everything comes from a great chemical and nuclear transformation to establish a consistent nucleus in an atom called earth that is simply our planet and here we can understand all the causes and consistencies of a great electromagnetic and magnetic formation that develop giving priority and lives to the world by the consistency of the creation and relationship of nature and want to talk about the beginning of the world and it was just how everything began from nothing to a great pulsation and explosion life chemically about the continuous force of the universe that warmed up and blew it up giving rise to all relativity of life over great chemical functions that we prescribe its history in physics and so life was created on earth and the world was born to everyone according to the teachings of the bible being over the scientific part of the existence of the universe.

Big Bang: Understand the theory of the origin of the Universe

September 21, 2020

By PRAVALER

One of the topics most heavily charged in the National High School Exam (ENEM) and in university entrance exams throughout the country is about the origin of the Universe, an essential content in elementary and high school subjects. Because of this, and always thinking of helping you at the time of the test, we decided to develop this article with one of the most valid theories about the subject: Big Bang.

First of all, it is important to remember that there are only two valid theories about the origin of the Universe: the evolutionist, also called scientific, and the creationist, given as religious. As religion is based on different beliefs, the second is not part of the school primer and is therefore out of the exams. This leaves us with an understanding of the evolutionary theory, demanded in the school's selective processes.

For science, the Universe had its beginning in a process called the "Big Bang" and, from it, it was expanding. This Big Bang theory, however, says much more about the idea of evolution than the explosion itself, as the circumstances of the event are unknown. For scientists, this explosion came from a single particle with infinite density (which even exceeds the laws of space and time).

You were interested and want to know more about the subject to rule well on Enem's test? Continue reading and stay inside with us!

In this article you will find:

What is the Big Bang theory?

Who created the Big Bang theory?

Fundamentals of the Big Bang Model

General relativity

The cosmological principle

Main aspects of the Big Bang theory

The beginning of everything

Inflationary period

Opaque Universe

Transparent Universe

Gravitational collapse

Formation of galaxies

Can the Big Bang theory be extinct?

Big Bang summary for the vestibular

What is the Big Bang theory?

What we can say is that the Big Bang theory is - if not the only one - the most accepted theory in scientific circles, even at the moment, for the explanation of the origin of the Universe. It sustains the idea that, as we have seen above, the Universe came about by means of the explosion of a single particle, called the primordial atom, and occasioned the cosmic cataclysm. This happened around 13.8 billion years ago and even states that the Universe is maintained in continuous expansion.

So, although the term "Big Bang" brings us to the idea of explosion, that's not what the theory is about, it's an expansion originated from a tiny state into what we now call the Universe. That is, the Big Bang theory does not have the intention of explaining the origin of everything, but of making us understand how this explosion transformed and keeps on expanding constantly.

Who created the Big Bang theory?

The Big Bang theory was proposed in 1920 by the Jesuit priest and astronomer Georges-Henri Lemaître (1894-1966) and originally was

called the primordial atom hypothesis. Later, the hypothesis was taken shape and developed by the Russian physicist George Gamov (1904-1968). For the scientist, one of the main ideas was that the formation of the atomic nuclei of the Universe would leave traces of detectable radiation, in a microwave band.

Lemaître, in proposing the theory, took into consideration the studies concerning the theory of general relativity, by Albert Einstein (1879-1955), which had already been explored by the Russian mathematician Alexander Friedmann (1888-1925), however, in a far more mathematical than physical interpretation for the expansion of the Universe. Lemaître went beyond the studies of the mathematician and sought to explain the explosion of the atom in a much more robust manner.

Later, the studies of Edwin Hubble (1889-1953) reinforced the idea that galaxies keep themselves apart in all directions, further completing the Big Bang theory. This study identified that the farther away a galaxy is, the faster it moves away from us, a definition called Hubble's Law.

Fundamentals of the Big Bang Model

To better understand the basic principles of the Bing Bang theory, it is important to keep in mind that the model rests on two fundamental pillars. We explain a little about each of them below:

General relativity

The theory of general relativity is indispensable for the studies of the evolution of the Universe. In 1905, Albert Einstein proposed such a theory by postulating that light, in a vacuum, has constant velocity

(regardless of the source), that mass is dependent on speed, that time dilates along a high-speed motion, that energy and mass are equivalent, and that no matter moves faster than light in a vacuum.

Going further, the general theory of relativity presents gravitation as the action of masses over time and space, resulting in changes of bodies and other physical properties. So we can say that, in summary, in the theory of general relativity, Einstein states that the relationship between space and time changes with matter.

The cosmological principle

The cosmological principle starts from the principle that the Universe is homogeneous and isotropic, in which the first meaning that, on a large scale, the average density of the Universe is equal throughout the Universe, and the second refers to the appearance of the Universe, claiming to be the same in any direction. Together, homogeneity and isotropy imply uniformity. That is, in the Universe, there is no direction or special place.

Big Bang Theory Cosmological Principle

Main aspects of the Big Bang theory

After Lemaître's theory, other astronomical observations began to appear. An example is the observation made public by Edwin Hubble (1889-1953) about the movement of galaxies. According to the scientist, the galaxies distance themselves from each other in all directions of space and at high speed. Going further, this theory was evidenced by a discovery by physicists Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson about cosmic radiation, which further reinforced the hypothesis of the primordial atom.

With so many discoveries, it could be concluded that the separation of the galaxies is a consequence of an expanding Universe, as proposed in previous hypotheses, and that the background radiation makes reference to a starting point, a unified dense particle, confirming all previous theories. Thus, all atomic nuclei were created from the process called nucleosynthesis. All of these stages culminate, finally, in the Big Bang theory!

Phew, did you follow here? So check out our review and take a good note of the stages of the formation of the Universe to get along in the college entrance exams!

The beginning of everything

As we have seen, although the name suggests explosion, Big Bang refers to the process of expansion (since the motives of the particle having exploded are still unknown, despite much research on top) of a single point in space, singular, with extremely high density and temperature.

Inflationary period

Yes, the universe is old! And, when he was about 10-35 seconds, a period called inflationary, his size increased exponentially — about 90 times! As a result, the Universe became colder and less dense, which gave rise to the fundamental forces of space and time, among others known in science.

Big Bang Theory Inflationary Period Opaque Universe

And since we are talking about the age of the Universe, it is worth pointing out that some light elements of the periodic table, among them helium and

hydrogen, came about in the first few minutes of life. This happened by way of a combination of protons, originating atomic nuclei.

With this, a trail of energy coming from all the directions of the Universe was left, which is called in the scientific milieu cosmic background radiation. Another important point is in relation to the density of the Universe: between 300,000 and 400,000 years old, it was so dense that no light could propagate.

Transparent Universe

As the expansion was occurring, there was also a lowering of the temperature, permitting the union of free electrons with atomic nuclei, originating the first neutral atoms — a phase known as recombination. Thus, light started to propagate itself more easily through space, making the Universe more and more transparent.

Gravitational collapse

Another marked stage occurred when the Universe reached about 200 million years ago, when the gravitational forces started to join together in large quantities of gas. In this phase, the Universe was composed of 75% hydrogen and 25% helium gas. With the agglutination of these atoms in small volumes and in the face of high temperatures and pressures, another process had its beginning: that of nuclear fusion of hydrogen particles, originating the stars. Amazing, huh?

Formation of galaxies

When the Universe reached its 500 million years of age, there was the union of gravitational force, in such a way that the stars started to agglomerate, giving origin to galaxies.

As we can see here, the Big Bang theory isn't important to science just because it provides us with an explanation of the origin of the universe, it goes beyond that. The astronomical observations stemming from this theory are equally important for the understanding of space, especially in relation to the discovery of the four forces of nature: electromagnetism, gravitational force, weak nuclear force, and strong nuclear force.

Can the Big Bang theory be extinct?

Although scientific research is always going into the matter in depth, it is very difficult for the Big Bang theory to be extinct, since it concerns the transformation of the Universe and not its beginning in itself. As this expansion still reflects what we have in space today, astronomical observations can add to the theory, but without the pretension of annulling what has been proven.

What we have, though, are some variations of the Big Bang theory, among them the one that proposes that the Universe be cyclic, that is, that it is composed of endless cycles of explosions and implosions, called bangs and big crunchs consequently — what is now scientifically called the theory of cosmological cycles.

Big Bang summary for the vestibular

So, did you follow the reasoning? As we know that it is not always easy to keep all the points of a material, we are going to list the main phases of the Big Bang theory for you to take note of it and send it well in the university entrance exam! Let's go.

The beginning of everything: despite the name suggesting explosion, Big Bang is about the process of expansion;

inflationary phase: origin of the fundamental forces of space and time (when the Universe increased its size by 90 times, it became colder and less dense);

Opaque universe: phase of the first minutes of life, when the helium and hydrogen gas originated (at this stage, everything was so dense that light did not propagate);

Transparent universe: phase of the lowering of temperature and the union of free electrons with atomic nuclei (here, light started to propagate with greater ease);

Gravitational collapse: the phase in which atoms were agglutinated in small volumes, giving rise to stars;

Formation of galaxies: with 500 million years of age, the union of the gravitational force made the stars agglomerate and give origin to the galaxies.

Now it's gotten easier, right? Our tip is to always make a summary like the one above so that topics are memorized more easily.

Planet Earth

In order to study the planet Earth, it is necessary to make references to the galaxy in which we are inserted: the Milky Way. This reference is necessary for us to understand the disposition of the planets, their orbits, similarities, differences and other subjects that help us to understand what happens inside and outside the Earth.

Our planet is one of eight that are in the Solar System orbiting around a central star: the Sun. This orbit allows the

development of life due to the temperature that reaches us, what we call solar radiation.

Read also: Mapping projections - representations of the Earth on a flat surface

Formation and characteristics of planet Earth

It is estimated that our planet was formed about 4.6 billion years ago. From then until now, the Earth has undergone constant changes, some sharp, others very long and that human beings do not perceive. Such changes may occur from internal factors, such as core energy, or external factors, such as rainfall, erosive processes, human action.

The formation of the Solar System was the result of a collapse between large stars, which generated a large energy junction. This energy subsequently formed the components of the system, such as the Sun and other planets.

The Earth, 4.6 billion years ago, was a mass of magmatic matter that, over millions of years, cooled down. This cooling gave rise to a rocky layer, the lithospheric layer. This period is called the Precambrian era.

Over these billions of years, various mutations have taken place on the planet, many violent, such as earthquakes and tsunamis, also known as seismic shocks. These quakes occur from the inside out, in the inner layers of the Earth, altering the Earth's surface in a significant way.

Other less violent changes were gradual, such as the formation of

layer of gases that surround the planet, the atmosphere. This layer protects us from the strong solar radiation that hits the Earth, allowing for life. However, at the beginning of time, billions of years ago, the Earth was an uninhabitable place, with constant volcanic eruptions, with high temperatures and very dangerous.

The motions of the planet, such as rotation (around itself) and translation (around the Sun), have made possible a spherical shape of the Earth that is flattened at the poles. This form takes the name of geoid. Its interior is something inhospitable, and, until a short time ago, unknown.

Model of the geoid shape of the Earth.

With the development of the technology, the measurement of seismic shocks made it possible to get to know the inside of the planet. The seismic waves caused by these quakes pass through large regions, and can be tracked and provide valuable information about the Earth's internal structure. Its interior still has the magmatic layer billions of years ago. At every 33 m of depth, the temperature is estimated to rise by 1 ºC.

On the earth's surface, the layer in which we live, we can find various minerals used in daily life. The crust, as the surface is known, covers the entire planet, either on the continents (continental crust) or in the oceans (oceanic crust). At the bottom of the seas and oceans is the seabed, a place where compounds of silicon and magnesium (sima) can be found frequently. On the continents, silicon and aluminum (sial) give consistency to almost all of this surface.

Inner layers of planet Earth

Inside, our planet has a layered structure, each with several

specific characteristics. From the studies carried out to date, we

can classify them, in a general manner, in three main areas: the

crust (oceanic and continental), the mantle (upper and lower) and

the nucleus (internal and external). We can compare this structure

with that of an avocado: the peel of the fruit being the crust, the

spare being the mantle, and the stone being the nucleus.

The crust, the outer shell of the planet, is the surface layer and can

be called the lithosphere. It is in this layer that we are, which are

located reliefs, oceans, seas, rivers, biosphere, and others. For human

beings, it is the layer in which life develops. To give you an idea, the

thickness of the crust can vary from 5 km to 70 km. Even at this size,

it is only the "shell" of the planet, which reveals the immensity of it.

The oceanic crust, as the name says, is the part that is below the

sea, being from 5 km to 15 km thick. It is less thick than the

continental crust. It can be 30 km to 70 km thick, and is the part of

the planet that forms the continents.

The mantle is located at a depth that can vary from 70 km to 2900 km.

In this large area, magma is located, a viscous layer that surrounds the

nucleus and is responsible for the movement of the tectonic plates,

located in the lithosphere.

The upper mantle is below the lithosphere, at a depth of up to

approximately 670 km. In it we find the asthenosphere, an area of

viscous characteristic that allows the movement of the crust to the

over thousands of years, modifying the terrestrial relief.

In the lower mantle, located at a depth of 670 km to 2,900 km, we

find the mesosphere, a solid part of this structure that comes close

to the nucleus. It is solid due to pressure exerted by the weight of

the Earth.

Scheme representing the inner layers of the Earth: crust, upper and

lower mantle, and core.

The core is the deepest layer on the planet, reaching 6,700 km. The

inner core is solid, with several mineral compounds, among them nickel

and iron. This layer is responsible for the magnetic field that exists

around the planet. The outer core is liquid, having a thickness of

approximately 1,600 km. The temperature in this region can reach

6,500°C.