THE HELL AND THE SKY II

The facts that marked the world for the violence, deaths and terrorism on the cruel face of the earth among human beings who, by their ability, are always targets of the black and evil society that is always manipulating the good fortune of those who see the world in another way possible and it is against the cruel and fearless laws that materialize in the life of the human being who suffers all the black and unhealthy realities of an unexpected world that is consumed productively for a future not well intentioned in the laws, orders and superlative ways of living in a great sovereignty of people who live today and pass from the victims in a sentimental decal to the black principles stolen by the negative conquests imposed in the lives of great organizations of leaders and armies in charge to untwist the decadence of life with the purpose of peace transforming into a world of fraud, terrorism and the death of several innocents in the face of life called the true hell that we spend our days relating to be more positive about the rights of mother nature, not to abuse the uncomfortable violations of the man who takes advantage in life to build havens on land that are just structures immobilized by selfishness that destroys the man who is always killing the planet with its chemical inventions and devaluing the forests with its greed causing the true biodiversity because of the fauna and the flowers of its unhealthy setbacks where the decay of a materialized world is stolen by a personal relativity own selfishness that forgets about god and destroys itself gradually as the world is also established by the socialization of the destructive power by political, religious norms and laws of nature that always untie us from our pleasures more than conquered with enormous powers to win and conquer the world that we call the last best thing to be live from sviou and fell fatally to the protruding life and the hard and reason of v iver with human and acting in the most petty desires we can zero capacity and be manipulated by the evils that being human always triggers with his devastating role of killing about everything and everyone become the world a tremendous hell where our reasons to live and being happy are enjoyed and we fall asleep and die of a simple catastrophe caused by the massive power of angry men who are always pitting and playing the world against the harsh predictions that humanity maintains and the world remains among a more socialized hell of wars for peace and the sky for perhaps more constructive moments that are more sentimental and experienced normally and happily over all of our behaviors that we most desire and for moments of restlessness in life we enjoy 50% percent of true desires established by the beneficial and balanced life that every human being achieves in a world perhaps prone to the fearless laws of life obey the true concepts of the idealized and dreamed of those who are at ease with life and always seek the true feeling of being happy and living happily for a good period of time no matter how much and being black and insolent for always being surprised by the moral and immoral misfits of being human who always inevitably manipulates in the most creative and realistic way of life and one day who can be sure of what was done and can say that he is living and that we can all live happily.

São Paulo - 2016 was a year marked by wars, deaths and human rights violations around the world.

The refugee crisis reached its record of deaths - more than 7 thousand, according to the International Organization for Migration (IMO), and Syria entered its fifth consecutive year of war.

In the Americas, the presidential race consolidated Donald Trump as the new president of the United States, Colombia signed a peace agreement with the Revolutionary Forces of Colombia (FARC) and Hurricane Matthew left 900 dead in its passage through Haiti.

For 2017, the international community is attentive to the developments of everything that happened this year. Below, in chronological order, the main events of 2016 compiled by Exame.com:

El Chapo prison

The first days of 2016 were tumultuous for Joaquim Guzmán Loera , known as El Chapo . After several prison escapes, the dealer most wanted 21 and the leading century cartel Sinaloa was arrested for the third time on day 8 of January , in the city of Los Mochis , Mexico.

Incarcerated since then, El Chapo is going through difficult times: the last information we have is that he is going crazy, bald and dependent on sleeping pills. The drug dealer asked his lawyer to expedite his extradition to the United States for more comfort.

Zika appears

In January, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified the virus Zika for the first time as an emergency overall health. The results of this emergency were felt strongly around the world: it is estimated that 3 to 4 million people contracted the infection in 2016.

Bombings in Brussels

In March, the world was shocked by the intensity of the attacks in Brussels, the capital of Belgium. At the time, a series of explosions hit strategic points of the city such as the airport Zavantem and station subway Maalbek , and at the end, left at least 30 dead and 300 injured. A few hours later, the extremist group Islamic State (IS) took responsibility for the attacks.

Earthquakes in Ecuador

The night of April 16 shook Ecuador, when a strong 7.8 magnitude earthquake hit the South American country. The death toll reached over 600 and the homeless at 30,000. For days, the population felt about 40 tremors daily, according to the Geographic Institute of Quito (IG).

The earthquake was the third most deadly in Latin America, after the one that hit Haiti in January 2010 and the one that shook El Salvador in 2001.

Egypt Air plane crash

On May 19, an Egypt Air plane with 66 people on board disappeared on the route between Paris, France, and Cairo, Egypt, and left no survivors.

The Egyptian Aviation Ministry recently released a report that revealed evidence of explosives in the victims' remains, signaling that the fall may have been the result of an explosion. France, however, still claims that the tragedy happened as a result of technical failures.

Crisis in Venezuela

Although Venezuela has been collapsing for months, in May the crisis hit its trigger. After protests from the population, which suffers from a shortage of basic goods, President Nicolás Maduro declared, on the 17th, a state of exception and economic emergency.

The decision by the leader of Venezuela, the country that holds the largest oil reserves in the world, was seen by the opposition as an attempt to prevent the holding of a revocatory referendum , which could anticipate the end of his mandate.

The unusual situation, however, seems far from over. Over the months, several demonstrations and attempts to put the referendum to a vote were in vain. Maduro's last defeat was Venezuela's suspension from Mercosur .

Bastille Day celebrations in Nice, southern France, panicked after a man came forward with a truck over the crowd of tourists strolling on a boardwalk. The perpetrator of the attack was killed by the police, but his act left 84 dead and more than 200 injured. French President Francois Hollande , called the terrorist attack and extended the state of emergency existed since the attacks in Paris in November 2013.

Massacre in Orlando

The world woke up in mourning on June 12 after a terrorist attack at the gay nightclub Pulse in Orlando, Florida, leaving 50 dead and 53 injured. The massacre was considered the worst firearms episode in the history of the United States.

The sniper, identified as Omar Siddique Mateen , 29, died in the confrontation with the police. He was an American citizen and family of Afghan origin.

Rodrigo Duterte election and fight against drugs in the Philippines

In May, the election race in the Philippines enshrined Rodrigo Duterte as the country's new president, with 14 million votes.

The former mayor of the city of Davao, known as "punisher", came to power with a tough speech against corruption, crime and the fight against drugs. The politician promised to extend the repression policy implemented in the municipality where he was mayor to the whole country .

As a result of his 5 months in office, the Philippine police have already killed 2,086 people in anti-drug operations and another 3,000 in "unclear" circumstances. The brutality caused the international community criticized the position of Duterte .

Attempted military coup in Turkey

Turkey is experiencing months of tension since the country suffered an attempted coup against President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.

On the night of July 15, a group of soldiers took to the streets of the capital Ankara and Istanbul with tanks and declared that they had taken power in the country.

The situation, however, did not last long. Erdogan called an offensive against the military and encouraged the population to take to the streets. Soon, control was resumed.

This situation has changed the country's policy and the Erdogan government is now carrying out a purge in all spheres of public power, bringing criticism of political persecution to the international community. (Understand here the attempted coup in Turkey )

Good attack

Election of Teresa de Maio

David Cameron's resignation from the post of Prime Minister of the United Kingdom after the victory of Brexit made it necessary to hold new elections for the post of British Prime Minister. The elected was Teresa May, who now needs to put a divided country in order after the popular decision to leave the EU.

First woman to take office since Margareth Tatcher , Teresa has held the position of Minister of the Interior since 2010, in which she has taken a firm stand on issues such as delinquency, illegal immigration and Islamic extremists .

Earthquakes in Italy

It was not just Ecuador that suffered earthquakes this year, Italy also recorded a series of tremors in different months. In August, a 6-degree earthquake killed at least 300 people and left thousands homeless in the central region of the country.

Some replicas were felt in the following days, but none exceeded 5 degrees of magnitude. This earthquake was the strongest recorded since 1980, when 2,900 died.

In October, however, two other 6.5-degree tremors left between 30,000 and 40,000 people homeless in the same region.

War in Syria

This year, the protagonist of the Syrian War, which has lasted five years, stayed with Aleppo.

Located in the north of the country, the city is experiencing intense days of conflict and in August it drew even more attention from the international community after opposition activists released a recording showing a boy rescued from the rubble after an air strike.

The child, identified as Omaran Daqneesh of 5 years , covered in dust explosion and with blood on his face, became a symbol of the horrors that the people of this city faced. (See here how to help the Syrian population)

Former Syrian financial center, Aleppo is now almost completely destroyed and the population suffers from a lack of essential items and the violence of war.

Racial tension in the USA

The death of two unarmed blacks in Oklahoma and North Carolina in September this year caused commotion and revolt in the United States, which for days was the scene of protests by the movement against racism in the police force.

The episode reinforces the statistics that support the disparity in the use of police force in the United States and reveal that blacks are more likely to be killed by the police than whites.

According to FBI data, in 2015, 37% of the unarmed people killed by the American police were black , although the group represents about 13% of the population.

Nuclear test in North Korea

In September, North Korea carried out yet another nuclear test - the fifth in 10 years. This time, however, the result of the explosion generated an artificial earthquake of 5.3 degrees of magnitude felt in South Korea.

This experience resulted in new economic sanctions on the country. In a unanimous decision, the 15 member countries of the UN Security Council defined, in December, that North Korea cannot sell or transfer coal, iron and iron ore from its territory, except for subsistence purposes.

The sanctions, however, made the North Korean regime even more furious . In December, the Army conducted military exercises in which it simulated attacks on Seoul, the capital of South Korea.

Nobel Peace Prize for the President of Colombia

In October, the peace agreement signed by the Colombian government to end 52 years of conflict with the Revolutionary Forces of Colombia (FARC) was rejected by the population. The “no” obtained 50.2% of the valid votes.

Despite the defeat in that vote, the peace agreement and the efforts of Colombian President Juan Manuel Santo won him the Nobel Peace Prize.

Offensive against the Islamic State in Mosul

In October, Iraq launched the most important offensive since the start of the war against the Islamic State: the battle for Mosul , the country's second largest city, under extremist control since June 2014.

With the help of the United States Army and the support of coalition air strikes, the operation recovered a quarter of the city and continues today in the field. UN estimates reveal that more than 86,000 people have already fled the city due to the violence.

Hurricane Matthew

The passage of Hurricane Matthew through Central America, the Caribbean and the United States in October this year, left hundreds of dead wherever it went and aggravated the humanitarian crisis in Haiti.

The country, one of the most fragile and poor in the world, has had entire cities devastated, 900 dead, at least 14,000 homeless and 350,000 in humanitarian assistance.

Crisis in South Sudan

In November, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) released a report on the alarming situation facing the population of South Sudan: the organization warns that 3.7 million people are hungry.

South Sudan plunged into civil war in late 2013, after President Salva Kiir , the ethnic Dinka , reported an alleged coup attempt led by his vice president Riek Machar , triggering an ethnic conflict between communities. Since then, 50,000 people have died as a result of the violence.

Murder of the Russian ambassador in Turkey

The night of December 19 may have further shaken relations between Russia and Turkey. The Russian ambassador to Turkey, Andrey Karlov , was shot dead during the opening of a photo exhibition in Ankara.

The killer, a former officer in the Ankara police riot battalion, shouted at Aleppo and Syria after the attack, alluding to Russian military intervention in the Arab country.

Attack on the Berlin Christmas fair

The traditional Christmas fair in the German capital was the target of an alleged terrorist attack on the night of the 19th. In all, 12 people died and almost 50 were injured.

The Chancellor German , Angela Merkel, called the attack "a cruel and unconscionable action" and confirmed that the incident is being treated as a terrorist attack.

Exactly 70 years ago, the world witnessed one of the greatest attacks in history. On August 6 , 1945, a Boeing B-29 called Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima, Japan, on a mission created by the United States government.

Under the command of Paul Tibbetts , the attack was aimed at forcing Japan to surrender and thus end World War II. The name Enola Gay was a tribute to the pilot's mother, Enola Gay Tibbets .

In the context of the war, which began in 1939, the world was divided into two groups. The main forces of the so-called Allies were the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and the United States, while Germany, Japan and Italy formed the Axis Powers. In August 1945, the war had already ended in Europe, after the deaths of dictators Benito Mussolini (Italy) and Adolf Hitler (Germany), but the clashes continued in the Pacific and Asia, led by Americans and Japanese.

At 8:15 am local time, the Little Boy bomb was dropped towards Hiroshima. It exploded about 500 m from the ground and killed more than 140,000 people. Seeing the size of the tragedy, in the form of a gigantic cloud of smoke and dust, co-pilot Robert Lewis wrote in the logbook: “God, what have we done ? "

But the Japanese surrender did not happen. Two days later, on the 8th, an even more powerful bomb, called Fat Boy, was dropped on another city, Nagasaki. This time around 70,000 people died.

In less than a week, on August 15, 1945, Japan surrendered to terror, putting an end to the world conflict.

The September 11, 2001 attacks or terrorist attacks (sometimes referred to only as September 11) were a series of suicide attacks against the United States coordinated by the Islamic fundamentalist organization Al- Qaeda on September 11, 2001. The morning of that day , nineteen terrorists hijacked four commercial passenger planes. The hijackers intentionally shot down two of the planes in the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center commercial complex in New York City, killing everyone on board and many of the people who worked in the buildings. Both buildings collapsed two hours after the impacts, destroying neighboring buildings and causing several other damages. The third passenger plane crashed at the Pentagon, the United States Department of Defense headquarters in Arlington County , Virginia, just outside Washington, DC The fourth plane crashed in an open field near Shanksville , Pennsylvania, after some of its passengers and crew members tried to regain control of the hijackers' aircraft, which had redirected it to the American capital. There were no survivors on any of the flights.

Nearly 3,000 people died during the attacks, including 227 civilians and 19 hijackers on board the planes. The overwhelming majority of the victims were civilians , including citizens from more than 70 countries. In addition, there is at least one secondary death - a person was excluded from counting by a coroner because he was said to have been killed by a lung disease due to exposure to the dust from the collapse of the World Trade Center.

The United States responded to the attacks by launching the War on Terror: the country invaded Afghanistan to topple the Taliban, who harbored terrorists of Al- Qaeda . The United States also passed the PATRIOTA USA Act . Many other countries have also strengthened their anti-terrorism legislation and expanded their law enforcement powers. Some US stock exchanges were closed for the rest of the week after the attack and recorded huge losses at the reopening, especially in the airline and insurance sectors. The disappearance of billions of dollars in offices destroyed caused serious damage to the economy of Lower Manhattan in New York .

The damage to the Pentagon was repaired in a year and the Pentagon Memorial was built next to the building. The reconstruction process was initiated at the World Trade Center site. In 2006, a new office tower was completed at the site, the World Trade Center 7 . The tower of One World Trade Center , built on the site, is one of the tallest skyscraper in North America, with 541 meters high. At the site of the old Twin Towers, three more buildings are planned, in addition to a memorial to the victims of the attacks that have already been concluded . The Flight 93 National Memorial began construction on November 8 , the first construction phase 2009 and was completed on the 10th anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2011.

At dawn on September 11, 2001, 19 hijackers took control of four commercial aircraft (two Boeing 757 and two Boeing 767) the way to California (three going to LAX in Los Angeles and one to San Francisco ) , after taking off from Boston , Massachusetts; Newark, New Jersey and Washington, DC Large planes with long flights were intentionally chosen for the hijacking because they would be heavily propelled.

The four flights were:

American Airlines flight 11: left Boston Airport at 7:59 am en route to Los Angeles and a crew of 11 members and 76 other passengers, not including the five hijackers . The terrorists crashed the plane against the North Tower of the World Trade Center at 8:46 am ;

United Airlines Flight 175: Boston left the airport at 8:14 a.m. the way to Los Angeles with a crew of nine members and 51 passengers, not including the five hijackers. The terrorists crashed the plane against the South Tower of the World Trade Center at 9:03 am ;

American Airlines Flight 77: left the Airport International Washington Dulles , Virginia, at 8:20 a.m., the way to Los Angeles with a crew of six and 53 other passengers, not including five hijackers. The terrorists crashed the plane against the Pentagon at 9:37 am ;

United Airlines Flight 93: left from Newark International Airport at 8:42 a.m. the way to San Francisco, with a crew of seven and 33 other passengers, not including the four hijackers. After the passengers rebelled, the terrorists threw the plane to the ground near Shanksville , Pennsylvania, at 10:03 .

Press coverage was intense during the attacks and their aftermath, beginning moments after the first collision at the World Trade Center.

Events and Events

Collision of United Airlines Flight 175 against the World Trade Center South Tower.

At 8:46 am , American Airlines Flight 11 reached the North Tower of the World Trade Center, followed by United Airlines Flight 175, which reached the South Tower at 9:03 am.

Another group of hijackers on American Airlines Flight 77 arrived at the Pentagon at 9:37 am . A fourth flight, United Airlines Flight 93, crashed in a rural area near Shanksville , Pennsylvania, at 10:03 am , after passengers tried to regain control of the hijackers' plane. The kidnappers' ultimate goal is believed to be the Capitol (headquarters of the United States Congress) or the White House.

In September 2002, in an interview with documentary filmmaker Yosri Fouda , an Al Jazeera journalist , Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, along with Ramzi Binalshibh , stated that the fourth hijacked plane was going to the United States Capitol and not the White House. They further claimed that al- Qaeda had originally planned to have the hijacked planes hit the nuclear facilities instead of the World Trade Center and the Pentagon towers, but it was decided not to attack the nuclear plants "for now" for fear that the attacks could get out of hand ".

During the hijacking of the planes, terrorists used bladed weapons to stab and kill aircraft pilots, flight attendants and passengers. Reports made with aircraft connections indicated that knives were used by the hijackers to injure flight attendants and, in at least one case, a passenger, during two of the hijackings.

Some passengers were able to make calls, using the cabin phone service and cell phones, and provide details, including that several of the hijackers aboard each plane used chemical sprays against the crew, such as tear gas or pepper spray . , and that some people on board were stabbed.

The 9/11 Commission established that two of the hijackers had recently acquired Leatherman branded multifunctional hand tools . A flight attendant on Flight 11, a passenger on Flight 175 and passengers on Flight 93 mentioned that the hijackers had bombs, but one of the passengers also mentioned that he considered them to be fake . No traces of explosives were found at the incident sites and the 9/11 Commission concluded that the bombs were probably fake.

WTC towers on fire on the day of the attacks.

On United Airlines Flight 93, the black box recordings revealed that the crew and passengers tried to take control of the hijackers' plane after they learned by phone that other hijacked planes had been fired at buildings that morning. According to the transcript of the flight 93 recordings , one of the hijackers gave the order to change the plane's route, as it had become clear that they would lose control of the plane to the passengers. Soon after, the plane crashed in a field near Shanksville , Somerset County , Pennsylvania, at 10:03 local time (14:03:11 UTC). Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, the organizer of the attacks, mentioned in a 2002 interview with Yosri Fouda that the target of Flight 93 was the United States Capitol, which was codenamed "Faculty of Law".

Three of the buildings at the World Trade Center Complex collapsed due to a structural failure on the day of the attack. The South Tower (WTC 2 ) crashed at 9:59 am after burning for 56 minutes in a fire caused by the impact of United Airlines Flight 175. The North Tower (WTC 1 ) collapsed at 10:28, after burning for approximately 102 minutes. When the North Tower collapsed, debris fell near the World Trade Center 7 (WTC 7), damaging the building and causing a fire. These fires lasted for hours and compromised the building's structural integrity, leading to a total collapse at 17:21 .

The attacks created widespread confusion among news organizations and air traffic controllers in the United States. All international civilian air traffic was banned from landing on American soil for three days. Aircraft already in flight have been moved or diverted to airports in Canada or Mexico. Unconfirmed and often contradictory news sources and reports were released throughout the day. One of the most prevalent of them reported that a car bomb would be detonated at the United States Department of State headquarters in Washington, DC. Shortly after the Pentagon incident was first reported, some media also briefly reported that a fire had started in the National Mall . Another report came out in the Associated Press, stating that the Delta Air Lines flight in 1989 had also been hijacked. This report also turned out to be false; it was believed for a moment that this flight was also at risk of hijacking, but his command responded to the controllers and landed safely in Cleveland, Ohio.

Victims

Ruins of the World Trade Center complex after the collapse of the towers.

There were a total of 2,996 deaths, including 19 hijackers and 2,977 victims. The victims were distributed as follows: 246 on the four planes (where there were no survivors), 2,606 in New York City and 125 in the Pentagon. All civilian deaths occurred, with the exception of 55 military personnel fired at the Pentagon.

In 2007, the office of the medical examiner of New York released the official 9/11 death of toll , adding the death of Felicia Dunn - Jones. Dunn - Jones died five months after 9/11 due to a lung disease associated with exposure to dust during the collapse of the World Trade Center. Heyward Leon, who died of lymphoma in 2008, was added to the official death toll in 2009.

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) estimated that about 17,400 civilians were at the World Trade Center complex at the time of the attacks, while New York Port Authority accounts suggest 14,154 people were in the Twin Towers at 8:45 am. . The vast majority of people below the impact zone evacuated the buildings safely, along with eighteen people who were in the impact zone in the south tower, and a number of people who were above the impact zone who, of course, used the ladder intact in the South Tower. At least 1,366 people died, as they were on the impact floor of the North Tower or on the upper floors, and at least 618 in the South Tower, where evacuation started before the second impact. Thus, of the 2,753 killed in the WTC, 1,950 were on or above the floors hit by the aircraft.

Two men helping an injured woman during the attacks.

According to the commission's report, hundreds died instantly from the impact, while the rest were trapped and died after the tower collapsed. At least 200 people jumped from the buildings to their deaths (as shown in the photo "The Falling Man"), falling on the streets and roofs of adjacent buildings, hundreds of meters below. Some of the occupants of each tower, who were above the point of impact, climbed towards the ceiling, hoping for a helicopter rescue, but the roof doors were blocked. There was no helicopter rescue plan and, on September 11, the smoke and intense heat would have prevented these aircraft from carrying out the rescues.

A total of 411 emergency workers who responded to requests for help died while trying to rescue people and put out fires. The New York Fire Department (FDNY) lost 341 firefighters and two paramedics. The New York Police Department (NYPD) lost 23 employees. The Police Department of the Port Authority lost 37 police officers and eight paramedics and EMTs additional private units Emergency services were killed.

Cantor Fitzgerald LP, an investment bank on floors 101a-105a of the World Trade Center 1 , has lost 658 employees, far more than any other company. The Marsh Inc., located immediately below Cantor Fitzgerald on floors 93-101 (the location of impact of Flight 11) lost 355 employees and 175 employees of Aon Corporation were killed.

After New York, New Jersey was hardest hit, with the city of Hoboken boasting the majority of deaths. More than ninety countries lost citizens in the attacks on the World Trade Center (three Brazilians and five Portuguese).

Weeks after the attack, the number of lives lost was estimated at more than six thousand. New York City was only able to identify the remains of nearly 1,600 of the victims at the World Trade Center, leaving more than 1,100 unidentified. The coroner's office also collected some 10,000 unidentified bones and fragments of human tissue that could not be combined for the dead list. On February 23, 2005, coroners recognized the technological limitation of the time, to move forward in the work of identification. In the past five months, only eight victims have been identified.

Bone fragments were still being found in 2006 when workers were preparing to demolish the building damaged Deutsche Bank . This operation was completed in 2007. On April 2 , 2010, a team of experts in forensic anthropology and archeology began searching for human remains, human artifacts and personal effects at the cool Kills landfill on Staten Island. The operation was completed in June 2010, with 72 remains found, bringing the total number of remains found to 1845. The identities of 1,629 of the 2,753 victims were identified. DNA profiles, in an attempt to identify additional victims, are permanent. In August 2011, 1 631 victims were identified , while 1 122 (41%) of the victims remained unidentified. In July 2011, a team of scientists from the city's medical institute tried again to identify the remains, hoping that the more developed technology would allow them to identify other victims.

Damage

World Trade Center ( Ground Zero) location with an overlay showing the original locations of the destroyed building complex.

The Pentagon was partially destroyed after the plane collapsed.

Along with the 110 floors of the Twin Towers, several buildings around it have been destroyed or seriously damaged, including buildings 3 to 7 of the World Trade complex and the Greek Orthodox Church of St. Nicholas. The North Tower, the South Tower, the Marriott Hotel (WTC 3 ) and WTC 7 have been completely destroyed. United States Customs (at WTC 6 ) , WTC 4, WTC 5 and two pedestrian walkways connecting the buildings were severely damaged. The Deutsche Bank building was partially damaged and later demolished. The two buildings in the neighboring World Financial Center complex were also damaged.

The Deutsche Bank Building , on Liberty Street in the World Trade Center complex, was later condemned for toxic conditions inside the office tower and was deconstructed. The Fiterman Hall of the Borough Community College in Manhattan, in the number 30 of West Broadway, was sentenced by damage to the attacks and is being rebuilt. Other neighboring buildings, such as 90 West Street and the Verizon Building , were heavily damaged, but have been restored. The buildings of the World Financial Center, One Liberty Plaza, Millenium Hilton and 90 Church Street have been moderately damaged and have now been restored. The telecommunications equipment at the top of the North Tower was also destroyed, but the media stations were quickly able to redirect their signals and resume transmission.

The Pentagon was seriously damaged by the impact of American Airlines Flight 77 and subsequent fires, causing a section of the building to collapse . As it approached the Pentagon, the plane's wings fell from lampposts and its right engine broke a generator before it crashed on the west side of the building, killing all 53 passengers, five hijackers and 6 crew. The plane hit the Pentagon on the first floor level. The front of the fuselage disintegrated during impact, while the center sections and the tail continued to move for a fraction of a second. [81] Tail debris penetrated deeper into the building, breaking 94 meters, three of the building's five outer rings.

Rescue and recovery

A New York firefighter asks for ten more rescue workers to work alongside the rubble of the World Trade Center.

The New York Fire Department (FDNY) quickly dispatched 200 units (half of the department) to the site of the attacks, whose efforts were completed by several out-of-service firefighters and paramedics. The New York City Police Department (NYPD) sent Emergency Service Units (ESU) and other officers, along with the deployment of its aviation unit. Once at the scene, the FDNY, NYPD and Port Authority police did not coordinate efforts and carried out redundant searches for civilian victims.

As conditions deteriorated, the NYPD aviation unit transmitted information to fire department commanders, who issued orders for their personnel to evacuate the towers, so that most officers were safe before evacuating the destroyed buildings. With command posts created separately and radio communications incompatible between agencies, the warnings were not passed on to FDNY commanders.

After the collapse of the first tower, firefighters commanders sent evacuation notices, however, due to technical difficulties with the malfunction of the radio repeater system, firefighters did not hear many evacuation orders. Emergency number attendants also received information about the calls, which were not passed on to commanders at the scene. Within hours of the attack, an important search and rescue operation was launched. After months of operation, the World Trade Center site was cleared in late May 2002.

Responsibility

Al- qaeda

The origin of Al Qaeda can be traced back to 1979, when the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan. Osama bin Laden traveled to Afghanistan and helped organize Arab mujahidin to resist the Soviets. Under Ayman al - Zawahiri , Bin Laden became more radical. In 1996, bin Laden launched his first fatwa , asking American soldiers to leave Saudi Arabia.

In a second fatwa in 1998, bin Laden outlined his objections to American foreign policy towards Israel, as well as to the continued presence of American troops in Saudi Arabia after the Gulf War. Bin Laden used Islamic texts to urge Muslims to attack Americans and, according to Bin Laden, Muslim jurists "throughout Islamic history have unanimously agreed that jihad is an individual duty if the enemy destroys Muslim countries".

Osama bin Laden

Bin Laden, who orchestrated the attacks, initially denied it, but later admitted his involvement with men of his family in the attacks. The Al Jazeera network released a statement by Bin Laden on September 16, 2001, stating that "I would like to point out that I did not commit this act, which appears to have been done by people with their own reasons". In November 2001, American forces recovered a videotape from a destroyed home in Jalalabad , Afghanistan. On the tape, Bin Laden is seen talking to Khaled al - Harbi and admits the prediction of the attacks. On December 27, 2001, a second video by Bin Laden was released. In the filming, he said: "terrorism against the United States deserves to be praised, because it is a response to injustice, with the aim of forcing America to stop its support for Israel, which kills our people", but he stopped admitting responsibility for attacks.

Just before the presidential election in the United States in 2004, in a recorded statement, bin Laden publicly acknowledged Al-Qaeda's involvement in the attacks on the United States and admitted its direct link to the attacks. He said the attacks were carried out because "we are free ... and we want to regain freedom under our nation. By undermining our security, we undermine yours". Bin Laden said he personally guided his followers to attack the World Trade Center. Another video obtained by Al Jazeera in September 2006 shows Bin Laden with Ramzi bin al- Shibh , as well as two hijackers, Hamza al- Ghamdi and Wail al- Shehri , as they prepared for the attacks. The United States never formally indicted Osama bin Laden for the September 11, 2001 attacks, but he was on the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) most wanted list for attacks on American embassies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and in Nairobi , Kenya. After a nearly 10-year persecution, Bin Laden was killed by American special forces at a compound in Abbottabad , Pakistan, on May 2 , 2011.

Now my dear friend I want to tell you about the best things in our lives that emotionally we always seek more because these things are higher as daily lessons from our minds that seek to establish a bigger and better doctrine about our lives that are like daily games of moments of love and sadness in which we find the true sky that we pray for our happiness and all of this can be contained as evidence that we are divine likenesses of a god who enlightens us and gives us life for our origins and perfections that we seek we benefit from love and willingness to think about something better, to do things throughout life, to buy good things, to date beautiful and happy people who give us pleasure and make us consistent to live on the heights away from the imperfections created by the life that radiates the sick society they pass this information as perhaps arguments of struggles about our notions of living contrary to our clearest dreams and complete with our real commitment to the nature of our being that encodes us through our existence throughout life, proposing certain paths and fantasies that make us emphasize good understandings and well-being over a dynamic life full of positive dreams and desires to the contrary of the obscure life that is always showing its black and evil role over mortals who always blame themselves and justify something so common and unusual to give more stencil to the unforeseen and undesirable decals that life proposes to us to feel hurt and seek answers and personal qualities that are in our best interests so that one day we can better understand, accept and value our lives and dominate our wills to one day have some sense that we can be happy and find true paradise and stencil on something of our attachments and our happiness is of great value, may this heaven be eternal and more divine for our wills.

The best things in our existence, in fact, are never things: they are moments, lessons, memories, they are intense hugs in the rain and emotions that make our skin crawl, words whispered in our ears. All of this happens when we feel truly free and receptive to what surrounds us, without fears, without attitudes that limit us, without prejudice ...

One of the premises that define positive psychology is the eternal question of how to be happier. Martin Seligman , the greatest representative of this trend and famous psychologist, famous above all for his work on depression and learned helplessness, teaches us that one way to achieve happiness is through commitment. That would be the ability to achieve the most positive and simple aspects of life such as dreaming, hugging and laughing ...

The best things in this life are free and cannot be seen, because we offer them and we feel them with our eyes closed: kisses, hugs, dreams ...

As curious as it may be, it is not always easy to see how such a simple act enriches our soul. Sometimes we get lost in such a way that in the end we end up building a life in which we are not really happy. We ourselves create our own prisons and settings in which we lose the value of the simplest things , the most authentic things ...

Positive psychology and the value of little things

Until not long ago, the psychology was focused primarily on describing what is related or the conditions or the negatives such as depression, stress and anxiety. It had hardly occurred to anyone to teach people anything as essential as learning to be happy. It was as if each of us arrived in the world with a chip already installed in the factory that taught us to achieve this state of happiness in a natural way.

The human being has a strange capacity to not be happy or, at least, not to feel as fulfilled or fulfilled as he would like. Therefore, in 1999 the Gallup Organization founded the Institute for Positive Psychology , and in 2006 Martin Seligman became one of the main representatives of this trend that affects different aspects of human life, such as the relationship between wealth and happiness, which is necessarily a relationship direct, or how modernity and technology do not make people happier ...

An essential aspect that positive psychology teaches us is that negative emotions help us to survive individually. Fear drives us to flee, sadness for recognizing that something is wrong to rebuild ourselves from the inside. In turn, positive emotions allow us to connect with other people to survive as a species. So the hugs, the kind words, the affection, the friendship, the love ...

The best things are never things

Tal Ben SHA har is another reference in the field of happiness and leadership. The Harvard professor and his classes always break enrollment records due to the great interest that his theories provoke, the same ones that generated books like "Be happier" or "Don't look for perfection".

Enjoy the little things in life: one day you will realize that these are the best.

Of course, the general public is not so interested in knowing what depression is or what all the symptoms of stress are. People want to learn how to be a little happier or, at least, how to be in tune with the inside and the outside to feel good.

These are some of the tips that Professor Tal Ben- Shahar would give us .

Places where they can find happiness

The best things are those that are unplanned and that arise spontaneously. One of the most common sources of stress and dissatisfaction is whether we set high goals and expectations or commit to achieving totally unrealistic goals.

• The need to appear eternal youth, to accumulate things, to win medals ... All this has a limit, this limit is not to fall into neurotic perfectionism, but on the positive, one that is realistic, thanking what wins the that someone can reach and what surrounds them.

• We don't have to be afraid of fear. We have taught this before: negative emotions, such as fear, are a touch of individual attention that we have to know how to pay attention to and accept, and then overcome. If we live, for example, in fear of making mistakes, we will never learn anything, we will never take a step towards opportunity or change.

• Know your emotions and make use of them. We already know that negative emotions are weapons for self-knowledge and, when it comes to positive emotions, we must see them as channels for growth and expansion. The simple fact of feeling and developing them each day through affection, empathic communication, respect and affection will allow us to connect with others so that we can grow inside and out, and thus be much more free .

In conclusion, something that Ben- Shahar teaches us is that we should not be obsessed with the idea of eternal happiness. Something like this is little more than an impossible ideal. In fact, it is a question of freeing ourselves from all possible burdens and living in balance, in harmony and in a serene manner.

The best things don't always come with money or achievements. In fact, it is quite possible that authentic happiness is already at our side, with our friends, our relationships and our family.

I just want to say from the bottom of my soul that there may be hells and heaven is yet another positive and clear revelation that proposes us to sincerely seek to be the place as the end of living happily ever after in our lives and it is good We always leave this paradise as the more certain construction of our ideologies as sources of survival in human and spiritual life. But I want to go far from everything to tell you that maybe we can find this paradise deeply in our minds because it all depends on our thinking that by a simple revelation of our commitments and relationship with our lives if we feel distressed and we always regret it because our emotions can tell us how much we have value and power over our understandings that we enjoy on the positive side of our lives, distancing ourselves from fear, sin and the great reality of life that leads our emotions to fear death while we could be stronger and more courageous for because of this sky that is in us and we can benefit from this heaven because only our way of thinking is what may seek for our good intention that is able to dominate the world we have very aware that the true heaven is within us , because without our thoughts we would never witness how rich and healthy we are, because the true heaven exists and dwells in us for at least these ways of thinking about life. Thank you all!

By: Roberto Barros